where did the agni-iii test launch and failed

The first test for Agni III was conducted from Abdul Kalam Island (then known as Wheeler Island) off the Bhadrak coast on 9 July 2006.[6] The launch proved to be unsuccessful, with the missile falling into the sea off the coast of Odisha, short of reaching the target. According to DRDO, the failure was due to a first stage anomaly that was caused by recirculating hot gases entering the missile-base shroud and damaging the electronic components.[23] Indian Defence Minister Pranab Mukherjee reported it as "partial success" (a trade euphemism to indicate the test generated useful data for diagnosis and correction) as the missile was air-borne for only 5 minutes instead of the expected 15 minutes.[24]

Agni-III

Agni-III is an intermediate-range ballistic missile developed by India as the successor to Agni-II.[6] It has a range of 3,500 km- 5,000 km,[11] and is capable of engaging targets deep inside neighbouring countries,[12] including Shanghai in China.[13] The missile’s Circular error probable (CEP) is within 40 meters range, which makes it the most sophisticated and accurate ballistic missile of its range class in the world.[14] In June 2011, it was reported that Agni-III has been inducted into the armed forces and is under production.[15] US Air Force National Air and Space Intelligence Center estimates that as of June 2017 less than 10 launchers were operationally deployed.[16]

India's Credible minimum deterrence envisages a nuclear triad of counter-strike capability which required a long range missile to provide robust second strike capability. A missile system that can be dispersed far and wide in the Indian mainland, its far flung islands or its blue water naval assets dispersed across the world's oceans. Following this necessity India developed a larger Agni-III missile, with a heavier payload and a longer range but in a compact configuration, i.e. thicker but shorter length. This development is driven by need for a more assured retaliation that can defeat emerging anti ballistic missile (ABM) defence and countermeasures. Such capability requires a compact missile that can also carry ABM counter-measure payloads along with weapons, in a configuration similar to a MIRV, albeit with state-of-the-art decoys. The Deputy Project director who was responsible for the writing of the user handbook manual was Lieutenant Colonel Rajeev Sharma.[17]

Agni III was developed as the successor to Agni-II.[6] Designed by the Indian government's Defence Research and Development Organisation, Agni III is a two-stage ballistic missile that is capable of nuclear weapons delivery. It was designed and developed by the Advanced Systems Laboratory (ASL),[citation needed] a unit of DRDO, which was formed in September 2001 with its main objective being the development of large-sized rocket motors. ASL developed the propulsion plant for solid-fuel motors, including the infrastructure for propellant casting. The stubby two-stage solid fuel missile is compact and small enough for easy mobility and flexible deployment on various surface/sub-surface platforms.[18]

The missile is equipped with sophisticated navigation, guidance and control systems along with advanced on-board computer systems. The electronic systems are hardened for higher vibration, thermal and acoustic effects. A high performance indigenous ring laser gyro-based navigation system was flight-tested for the first time during the Agni-III trial on 7 Feb 2010.[19]

The Agni-III has two stages with an overall diameter of two meters. Initially, the first stage mass was about 32 tonnes and 7.7 m long, the second stage mass was about 10 tonnes and 3.3 m long. The missile is likely to support a wide range of warhead configurations, with a 4,500 km range and a total payload weight of 2490 kg.[6]

DRDO carried out extensive technological enhancement to enhance the performance and to reduce the weight of the Agni-III missile system and to achieve this the entire system was redesigned including the use of maraging steel and a composite motor rocket. The weight of the Agni-III missile has been reduced to 22 tonnes.[3]

The Agni-III features two solid fuelled stages and with overall diameter of 2.0 meters. This diameter is compatible with a recently tested Indian sub-surface launch system, which has a 2.3 meter diameter launch tube aperture.

The first stage booster is made of advanced carbon composite materials to provide high payload fraction (mass fraction). It is 7.7 meters long, with a diameter of 2 metres. The second stage made of maraging steel and has a length of 3.3 metres. The second stage has vectoring nozzles, to provide necessary flight trajectory control.

Agni-III supports a wide range of weapons, with total payload weight ranging from ~600 kg to 1,800 kg including decoys and other ABM countermeasures. Instead of conventional bus architecture, the RV (Re-Entry Vehicle) is self-contained with velocity correction package, navigation and re-entry control systems.[citation needed]

The lighter and tougher RV body has an all-carbon composite re-entry heat shield with multi-directional carbon re-entry nose tip and control surfaces. The new lightweight composites can withstand temperatures of up to 6000 degrees Celsius, and are capable of greater re-entry velocity.[citation needed]

The K-4 missile is one of the series of missile developed under the K-X series.[20] DRDO is working on a submarine-launched version of the Agni-III missile, which will provide India with a credible sea-based second-strike capability.[21] The K-4 missile, with a range of 3500 km, has been test-fired successfully multiple times-both from underwater pontoons and from INS Arihant. The K-4 SLBM is expected to be the principal intermediate range missile for the Arihant class nuclear submarines. An as-yet unnamed variant of K-4 with 5000 km range is under development.[22]

Agni-III was test fired again on 12 April 2007, from the Abdul Kalam Island off the coast of Odisha. This time, the launch was declared as a success. India's Cabinet Committee on Security announced that[25] "This test confirms the extent of India's nuclear reach and India's nuclear deterrence as the missile can accurately hit targets at distance more than 3000Â km away".[26]

Already the most powerful and capable in India's missile inventory, the Agni-III is capable of carrying a variety of warheads, including nuclear warheads and can be launched from various platforms giving India intermediate range ballistic missile firepower and greatly extending India's power projection in the region.[27][28]

Agni III was test fired successfully for third time on 7 May 2008.[29] The missile was launched from Balasore, Odisha.[30] After a flight of roughly 15 minutes defence scientists confirmed that the test fire was successful and that the missile met all parameters. The missile has a velocity of 5,000 meters per second. Agni-III is a nuclear capable fully solid propellant fuelled surface-to-surface missile, and has a range of 3,500 km. A new software for navigation system fitted on the missile will increase accuracy and lethality.[31] The successful test on 7 May opened the doors for the next generation Indian ICBM Agni V with a range of 5,000–6,000 kilometres.[32]

The development test of Agni III was put off for unknown reasons in August 2009.[33]

Agni III was tested successfully for the fourth time from Abdul Kalam Island in Odisha on 7 February 2010. The missile is said to have hit the target with pin point accuracy and met all the mission objectives. Two down range ships located near the target tracked and witnessed the Missile reaching the target accurately.[34] The missile is likely to support a wide range of warhead configurations, with a 3,500 km range and a total payload weight of 2490 kg.[7] The two-stage solid fuel missile is compact and small enough for easy mobility and flexible deployment on various surface/sub-surface platforms. The test validated the nuclear triggering mechanism, meaning Agni-III is meant for strategic nuclear deterrence.[7] The test launch is part of pre-induction of the missile into the Indian Army.[35]

In August 2010, the defence minister of India announced that Agni-III is ready for induction[36] and in June 2011, it was reported that the Agni-III missile had already been inducted into the armed forces.[15]

In September 2012, it is reported that a missile group is now being raised with Agni-III missiles.[37]

On 21 September 2012, as part of regular user-training the Strategic Forces Command test fired an Agni III missile from a rail mobile launcher. The missile was randomly chosen from a production lot. All mission objectives were achieved and the missile hit the pre-designated target with a two-digit accuracy.[38]

On 23 December 2013, the missile was tested by the Strategic Forces Command of the Indian Army. The test was a success.[39]

On 16 April 2015, Agni-III was tested successfully from Abdul Kalam Island off Odisha coast. "The trial, carried out by the Strategic Forces Command (SFC of the Indian Army), was fully successful," ITR Director M V K V Prasad told PTI.[40]

On 27 April 2017, Agni-III was tested successfully the launch Pad No. 4 of the Integrated Test Range at 9.12 a.m off Odisha coast. The Strategic Forces Command (SFC) carried out test with support from DRDO.[41][42]


where is the train station at james cook hospital

It is located on the Esk Valley Line approximately 2.5 miles (4Â km) south east of Middlesbrough railway station and is operated by Northern who provide all of the station's passenger services.

James Cook railway station

James Cook railway station[1] (also referred to as James Cook University Hospital railway station) is a station that serves the James Cook University Hospital in Middlesbrough, North Yorkshire, England. It also serves the surrounding areas of Park End, Berwick Hills and the nearby Middlesbrough Sports Village.[2]

The 371-foot (113Â m) long single platform station includes a fully lit waiting shelter with seating, CCTV coverage and passenger information via an electronic screen and public address announcements.[3][4]

Plans for the building of a station at the hospital had been discussed for some 25 years, including as part of the Tees Valley Metro project. The station was finally given the green light by Middlesbrough Council's planning committee in January 2013 and construction work started in January 2014.[5] The station cost Â£2.2 million to build and opened to the public on 18 May 2014.[6] The station was officially opened on 18 July 2014 by the then Minister of State for Transport, Baroness Kramer.[7]

According to the Office of Rail and Road statistics, there were 31,402 total entries and exits at the station in the 2016â€“17 period.[8]

Monday to Saturday:  The service is made up of the following elements: â€“


who played dumbledore in the first two movies

Richard St John Harris (1 October 1930 â€“ 25 October 2002) was an Irish actor and singer. He appeared on stage and in many films, appearing as Frank Machin in This Sporting Life, for which he was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Actor, King Arthur in the 1967 film Camelot and the subsequent 1981 revival of the show. He played an aristocrat and prisoner in A Man Called Horse (1970), a gunfighter in Clint Eastwood's Western film Unforgiven (1992), Emperor Marcus Aurelius in Gladiator (2000), and Albus Dumbledore in the first two Harry Potter films: Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone (2001) and Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets (2002). Harris had a number one hit in Australia and Canada and a top ten hit in the United Kingdom and United States with his 1968 recording of Jimmy Webb's song "MacArthur Park".

Richard Harris

Harris was born October 1, 1930, in Limerick: his siblings included Patrick Ivan (1929–2008), Noel William Michael (1932–1996), Diarmid (Dermot, 1939–1985), and William George Harris (1942–2007).[2][3] His niece is actress Annabelle Wallis.

He was schooled by the Jesuits at Crescent College: a talented rugby player, he appeared on several Munster Junior and Senior Cup teams for Crescent, and played for Garryowen.[4] Harris' athletic career was cut short when he caught tuberculosis in his teens. He remained an ardent fan of the Munster Rugby and Young Munster teams until his death, attending many of their matches, and there are numerous stories of japes at rugby matches with actors and fellow rugby fans Peter O'Toole and Richard Burton.

After recovering from tuberculosis, Harris moved to Britain, wanting to become a director. He could not find any suitable training courses, and enrolled in the London Academy of Music and Dramatic Art (LAMDA) to learn acting. He had failed an audition at the Royal Academy of Dramatic Art (RADA) and had been rejected by the Central School of Speech and Drama, because they felt he was too old at 24.[5] While still a student, he rented the tiny "off-West End" Irving Theatre, and there directed his own production of Clifford Odets' play Winter Journey (The Country Girl). This show was a critical success, but was a financial failure, and he lost all his savings in this venture.[citation needed]

As a result, Harris ended up temporarily homeless, sleeping in a coal cellar for six weeks. Accounts of his contemporaries from his hometown of Limerick, however, indicate that he may have exaggerated these stories somewhat and that he actually stayed with a few aunts, sleeping on their living room sofas.[citation needed] After completing his studies at the Academy, he joined Joan Littlewood's Theatre Workshop. He began getting roles in West End theatre productions, starting with The Quare Fellow in 1956, a transfer from the Theatre Workshop. He spent nearly a decade in obscurity, learning his profession on stages throughout the UK.[6]

Harris made his film debut in 1959 in the film Alive and Kicking, and played the lead role in The Ginger Man in the West End in 1959. His second film was shot in Ireland, a small role as a freedom fighter in Shake Hands with the Devil (1959), supporting James Cagney. It was directed by Michael Anderson who offered Harris a role in his next movie, The Wreck of the Mary Deare (1959), shot in Hollywood. Harris hated it so much that he refused to return there for several years, turning down the role of Commodus in The Fall of the Roman Empire (1964).[citation needed]

Harris played another IRA freedom fighter in A Terrible Beauty (1960), alongside Robert Mitchum. He had a memorable bit part in the film The Guns of Navarone (1961) as a Royal Australian Air Force pilot who reports that blowing up the "bloody guns" of the island of Navarone is impossible by an air raid. He had a larger part in The Long and the Short and the Tall (1961), playing a British soldier; Harris clashed with Laurence Harvey during filming.

For his role in the film Mutiny on the Bounty (1962), despite being virtually unknown to film audiences, Harris reportedly insisted on third billing, behind Trevor Howard and Marlon Brando. He did not get along at all with Brando during filming.

Harris' first starring role was in the film This Sporting Life (1963), as a bitter young coal miner, Frank Machin, who becomes an acclaimed rugby league football player. It was based on the novel by David Storey and directed by Lindsay Anderson. For his role, Harris won Best Actor in 1963 at the Cannes Film Festival and an Academy Award nomination.

Harris followed this with a leading role in the Italian film, Michelangelo Antonioni's Il Deserto Rosso (Red Desert, 1964). This won the Golden Lion at the Venice Film Festival.

Harris received an offer to support Kirk Douglas in a British war film, The Heroes of Telemark (1965), directed by Anthony Mann, playing a Norwegian resistance leader. He then went to Hollywood to support Charlton Heston in Sam Peckinpah's Major Dundee (1965), as an Irish immigrant who became a Confederate cavalryman during the American Civil War.

He played Cain in John Huston's film The Bible: In the Beginning... (1966). More successful at the box office was Hawaii (1966), which Harris starred alongside Julie Andrews and Max Von Sydow. As a change of pace, he was the romantic lead in a Doris Day spy spoof comedy, Caprice (1967), directed by Frank Tashlin.

Harris next performed the role of King Arthur in the film adaptation of the musical play Camelot (1967). He continued to appear on stage in this role for many years, including a successful Broadway run in 1981â€“82.

In The Molly Maguires (1970), he played James McParland, the detective who infiltrates the title organisation, headed by Sean Connery. It was a box office flop. However A Man Called Horse (1970), with Harris in the title role, an 1825 English aristocrat who is captured by Indians, was a major success.

He played the title role in the film Cromwell in 1970 opposite Alec Guinness as King Charles I of England. That year British exhibitors voted him the 9th most popular star at the UK box office.[7]

Harris recorded several albums of music, one of which, A Tramp Shining, included the seven-minute hit song "MacArthur Park" (Harris insisted on singing the lyric as "MacArthur's Park").[8] This song was written by Jimmy Webb, and it reached number 2 on the American Billboard Hot 100 chart. It also topped several music sales charts in Europe during the summer of 1968. "MacArthur Park" sold over one million copies, and was awarded a gold disc.[9] A second album, also consisting entirely of music composed by Webb, The Yard Went on Forever, was released in 1969.[10]

In 1971 Harris starred in a BBC TV film adaptation "The Snow Goose", from a screenplay by Paul Gallico. It won a Golden Globe for Best Movie made for TV and was nominated for both a BAFTA and an Emmy.[11] and was shown in the U.S. as part of the Hallmark Hall of Fame.

He made his directorial debut with Bloomfield (1971) and starred in Man in the Wilderness (1971) a revisionist Western based on the Hugh Glass story.

Harris starred in a Western for Samuel Fuller, Riata, which stopped production several weeks into filming. The project was re-assembled with a new director and cast, except for Harris, who returned: The Deadly Trackers (1973).

In 1973, Harris published a book of poetry, I, In the Membership of My Days, which was later reissued in part in an audio LP format, augmented by self-penned songs such as "I Don't Know."

Harris starred in two thrillers: 99 and 44/100% Dead (1974), with John Frankenheimer, and Juggernaut (1974), for Richard Lester. In Echoes of a Summer (1976) he played the father of a young girl with a terminal illness. He had a cameo as Richard the Lionheart in Robin and Marian (1976), for Lester, then was in The Return of a Man Called Horse (1976).

Harris led the all-star cast in the train disaster film, The Cassandra Crossing (1976). He played Gulliver in the part-animated Gulliver's Travels (1977) and was reunited with Michael Anderson in Orca (1977), battling a killer whale.

He appeared in another action film, Golden Rendezvous (1977), based on a novel by Alistair Maclean, shot in South Africa. Harris was sued by the film's producer for his drinking; Harris counter-sued for defamation and the matter settled out of court.[12]

Golden Rendezvous was a flop but The Wild Geese (1978), where Harris played one of several mercenaries, was a big success outside America.[13] Ravagers (1979) was more action, set in a post-apocalyptic world. Game for Vultures (1979) was set in Rhodesia and shot in South Africa.

In Hollywood he appeared in a comedy, The Last Word (1979), then supported Bo Derek in Tarzan, the Ape Man (1981).

He made a film in Canada, Your Ticket Is No Longer Valid (1981), a drama about impotence. He followed it with another Canadian film, Highpoint, a movie so bad it was not released for several years.

Harris' career was revived by his success on stage in Camelot.

His film work during this period included: Triumphs of a Man Called Horse (1983), Martin's Day (1985), Strike Commando 2 (1988), King of the Wind (1990) and Mack the Knife (1990) (a film version of The Threepenny Opera in which he played J.J. Peachum ) plus the TV film version of Maigret, opposite Barbara Shelley. This indicated declining popularity which Harris told his biographer, Michael Feeney Callan, he was "utterly reconciled to".

In June 1989, director Jim Sheridan cast Harris in the lead role in The Field, written by the esteemed Irish playwright John B. Keane. The lead role of "Bull" McCabe was to be played by former Abbey Theatre actor Ray McAnally. When McAnally died suddenly on 15 June 1989, Harris was offered the McCabe role. The Field was released in 1990 and earned Harris his second Academy Award nomination for Best Actor. He lost to Jeremy Irons for Reversal of Fortune.

In 1992, Harris had a supporting role in the film Patriot Games, as a fundraiser for the Provisional Irish Republican Army (PIRA). He had good roles in Unforgiven (1992), Wrestling Ernest Hemingway (1993) and Silent Tongue (1994). He played the title role in Abraham (1994) and had the lead in Cry, the Beloved Country (1995).

A lifelong supporter of Jesuit education principles,[14] Harris established a friendship with University of Scranton President Rev. J. A. Panuska[15][16] and raised funds for a scholarship for Irish students established in honour of his brother and manager, Dermot, who had died the previous year of a heart attack.[15][16] He chaired acting workshops and cast the university's production of Julius Caesar in November 1987.

Over several years in the late 1980s, Harris worked with Irish author Michael Feeney Callan on his biography, which was published by Sidgwick & Jackson in 1990.

Harris appeared in two films which won the Academy Award for Best Picture. First, as the gunfighter "English Bob" in the Western Unforgiven (1992); second, as the Roman Emperor Marcus Aurelius in Ridley Scott's Gladiator (2000). He also played a lead role alongside James Earl Jones in the Darrell Roodt film adaptation of Cry, the Beloved Country (1995). In 1999, Harris starred in the film To Walk with Lions. After Gladiator, Harris played the supporting role of Albus Dumbledore in the first two of the Harry Potter films, and as Abbé Faria in Kevin Reynolds' film adaptation of The Count of Monte Cristo (2002). The film Kaena: The Prophecy (2003) was dedicated to him posthumously as he had voiced the character Opaz before his death.

Concerning his role as Dumbledore, Harris had stated that he did not intend to take the part at first, since he knew that his health was in decline, but he relented and accepted it because his 11-year-old granddaughter threatened never to speak to him again if he did not take it.[17] In an interview with the Toronto Star in 2001, Harris expressed his concern that his association with the Harry Potter films would outshine the rest of his career. He explained, "Because, you see, I don't just want to be remembered for being in those bloody films, and I'm afraid that's what's going to happen to me."[18]

Harris also made part of the Bible TV movie project filmed as a cinema production for the TV, a project produced by Lux Vide Italy with the collaboration of Radio Televisione Italiana RAI and Channel 5 of France,[19] and premiered in the United States in the channel TNT in the 1990s. He portrayed the main and title character in the production Abraham (1993) as well as Saint John of Patmos in the 2000 TV film production Apocalypse.

In 1957, Harris married Elizabeth Rees-Williams, daughter of David Rees-Williams, 1st Baron Ogmore. They had three children: actor Jared Harris, who was once married to Emilia Fox; actor Jamie Harris; and director Damian Harris, who was once married to Annabel Brooks and was once the partner of Peta Wilson. Harris and Rees-Williams divorced in 1969, after which Elizabeth married Rex Harrison. Harris' second marriage was to the American actress Ann Turkel. In 1982, they divorced.

Harris was a member of the Roman Catholic Knights of Malta, and was also dubbed a knight by the Queen of Denmark in 1985.

Harris paid Â£75,000 for William Burges' Tower House in Holland Park in 1968, after discovering that the American entertainer Liberace had arranged to buy the house but not yet put down a deposit.[20][21] Harris employed the original decorators, Campbell Smith & Company Ltd. to carry out extensive restoration work on the interior.[21]

Harris was a vocal supporter of the Provisional Irish Republican Army (PIRA) from 1973 until 1984.[22] In January 1984 remarks he made on the previous month's Harrods bombing caused great controversy after which he disavowed his support for the PIRA.[23][24][25]

At the height of his stardom in the 1960s and early 1970s Harris was almost as well known for his hellraiser lifestyle and heavy drinking as he was for his acting career. He was a longtime alcoholic until he became a teetotaler in 1981, although he did resume drinking Guinness a decade later. He gave up drugs after almost dying from a cocaine overdose in 1978.

Harris was diagnosed with Hodgkin's disease in August 2002, reportedly after being hospitalised with pneumonia.[26] He died at University College Hospital in Fitzrovia, London on 25 October 2002, aged 72. He was survived by his three sons named Damian, Jared and Jamie and niece named Annabelle. He had fallen into a coma in his final three days.[27]

Harris was a lifelong friend of actor Peter O'Toole, and his family reportedly hoped that O'Toole would replace Harris as Dumbledore in Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban. There were, however, worries of insuring O'Toole for the six remaining films in the series.[28] Harris was ultimately replaced as Dumbledore by the Irish-born actor Michael Gambon.

Harris' body was cremated, and his ashes were scattered in the Bahamas, where he had owned a home.[29]

On 30 September 2006, Manuel Di Lucia, of Kilkee, County Clare, a longtime friend, organised the placement in Kilkee of a bronze life-size statue of Richard Harris. It shows Harris at the age of eighteen playing racquetball. The sculptor was Seamus Connolly and the work was unveiled by Russell Crowe.[30] Harris was an accomplished racquetball player, winning the Tivoli Cup in Kilkee four years in a row from 1948 to 1951, a record unsurpassed to this day.[31]

Another life-size statue of Richard Harris, as King Arthur from his film, Camelot, has been erected in Bedford Row, in the centre of his home town of Limerick. The sculptor of this statue was the Irish sculptor Jim Connolly, a graduate of the Limerick School of Art and Design.

At the 2009 BAFTAs, Mickey Rourke dedicated his Best Actor award to Harris, calling him a "good friend and great actor".

In 2013, Rob Gill and Zeb Moore founded the annual Richard Harris International Film Festival. www.richardharrisfilmfestival.com. The Richard Harris Film Festival is one of Ireland fastest growing film festivals. Growing from just 10 films in 2013 to screening over 115 films in 2017. Each year one of Richardâ€™s sons attends the annual festival (October Bank Holiday Weekend) in Limerick, Ireland.


who is the actress that played janice on friends

Margaret Emily "Maggie" Wheeler (nÃ©e Jakobson; born August 7, 1961) is an American actress. She is best known for her role as Janice on the sitcom Friends. She was also a recurring character on Everybody Loves Raymond as Linda and Anita Warrell on the sitcom Ellen.

Maggie Wheeler

Wheeler was born in Manhattan, the daughter of Barbara, a writer, and John Jakobson, a member of the New York Stock Exchange. She was raised in a Secular Jewish household.[1] She married Daniel Borden Wheeler in 1990.[2] They have two children.

In the 1980s, Wheeler (under her maiden name of Jakobson) briefly dabbled in voice acting on the animated series SilverHawks, where she provided all the female voices, specifically the villainess Melodia and the heroine Steelheart/Emily Hart, and on the Karate Kat and Mini-Monsters segments of The Comic Strip.

It was rumored that Wheeler auditioned for the role of Monica Geller, however after many interviews she stated that it was a false rumour,[3] she was however invited to play Janice Goralnik, a recurring character who was a frequent love interest of main character Chandler Bing. She appeared at least once in each season; her 19 episodes tie her with Christina Pickles for Friendsâ€™ third most frequent guest actor, behind only Elliott Gould's 20 episodes, and James Michael Tyler's 150 episodes.

She also auditioned for the role of Debra Barone, on the American sitcom Everybody Loves Raymond. Although she was the producers' choice, CBS ended up selecting Patricia Heaton. Instead, Wheeler played the recurring role of Debra's friend, Linda.

According to Kathy Griffin's autobiography, Official Book Club Selection, Wheeler was cast in the role of Vicki for the pilot episode of Suddenly Susan and was eventually replaced by Griffin.[4]

She had a star billing in the first season of Ellen. She appeared on the hit comedy Seinfeld in the episode "The Fix-Up", as one of Elaine's friends who is set up with George. She has appeared in many other television programs, including Drake & Josh, ER, The X-Files, The War at Home, Will & Grace, Jack and Jill, How I Met Your Mother and Curb Your Enthusiasm.

In 1997, Wheeler voiced Harley Quinn's replacement in the Batman: The Animated Series episode "Joker's Millions". In 1998, she appeared in the remake of Disney's The Parent Trap, playing the younger of a mother-daughter pair of camp counselors. She also guest starred in the Disney Channel Original Series Shake It Up as Dina's Mom.

In 2005, Wheeler starred opposite David DeLuise on the NBC pilot The Sperm Donor. Wheeler provided the voice of Odile in Barbie of Swan Lake, and in 2010 she voiced Trinette in four episodes of Archer on FX.


where does the saying all 6's and 7's come from

An ancient dispute between the Merchant Taylors and Skinners livery companies is the probable origin of the phrase.[1] The two trade associations, both founded in the same year (1327[2]), argued over sixth place in the order of precedence. In 1484, after more than a century and a half of bickering, the Lord Mayor of London Sir Robert Billesden ruled that at the feast of Corpus Christi, the companies would swap between sixth and seventh place and feast in each other's halls. Nowadays, they alternate in precedence on an annual basis.[1][2]

At sixes and sevens

"At sixes and sevens" is an English idiom used to describe a condition of confusion or disarray.

A similar phrase, "to set the world on six and seven", is used by Geoffrey Chaucer in his Troilus and Criseyde. It dates from the mid-1380s and seems from its context to mean "to hazard the world" or "to risk one's life".[3] William Shakespeare uses a similar phrase in Richard II, "But time will not permit: all is uneven, And every thing is left at six and seven".

The phrase is also used in Gilbert & Sullivan's comic opera H.M.S. Pinafore (1878), where Captain Corcoran, the ship's Commander, is confused as to what choices to make in his life, and exclaims in the opening song of Act II, "Fair moon, to thee I sing, bright regent of the heavens, say, why is everything either at sixes or at sevens?"

The phrase took on additional meaning during the early 1960s, when debate over Britain's position in Europe under Harold Macmillan centred on membership of the EEC 'Six' or the EFTA 'Seven' smaller independent states.

The phrase appears in a few songs, including "Don't Cry for Me Argentina" from the musical Evita, "Raoul and the Kings of Spain" from Tears for Fears, and "Playing With Fire" by Stereo MCs. The eleventh studio album from Strange Music front man Tech N9ne was entitled "All 6's and 7's". The song "Sixes and Sevens" was co written and sung by Robert Plant. It also appears in the Rolling Stones' song "Tumbling Dice". There is an album by Norwegian gothic metal band Sirenia called At Sixes and Sevens(including a song with the same name) where this phrase is used in several songs.

The phrase is also used in the 1978 movie The Wiz, when Miss One gives Dorothy the silver slippers and comments, "Oh, don't be all sixes and sevens, honey" to Dorothy as Dorothy is in a state of confusion after killing the Wicked Witch of the East. It is also found in the 1993 film The Remains of the Day. It is also mentioned in the 2002 film Goldmember by Mike Myers' character Austin Powers to his dad, who at the time were speaking "English English": "oh, the one who was all sixes and sevens?" During the second episode of season five of the HBO series Six Feet Under, George uses the phrase to describe his wife's attitude towards him.

We also come across the phrase in Sabina's opening monologue from Thornton Wilder's 1942 Pulitzer Prize winning play The Skin of Our Teeth: "The whole world's at sixes and sevens, and why the house hasn't fallen down about our ears long ago is a miracle to me."


when does season 2 of narcos come out

All 10 episodes of the season became available for streaming on Netflix on September 2, 2016 and were met with more favorable critical reviews than the first season, with critics particularly praising the performance of Wagner Moura as Pablo Escobar. On September 6, 2016, Netflix renewed the series for a third and fourth season.[3]

Narcos (season 2)

The second season of Narcos, an American crime thriller drama web television series produced and created by Chris Brancato, Carlo Bernard, and Doug Miro, follows the story of notorious drug kingpin Pablo Escobar, who became a billionaire through the production and distribution of cocaine, while also focusing on Escobar's interactions with drug lords, DEA agents, and various opposition entities.[1][2]

It stars Wagner Moura as Pablo Escobar – a Colombian drug lord and the leader of the Medellín Cartel, with Boyd Holbrook, Pedro Pascal, Joanna Christie, Juan Pablo Raba, Diego Cataño, Paulina Gaitán, Paulina García, Bruno Bichir, Raúl Méndez, Manolo Cardona, Cristina Umana, Damian Alcazar and Eric Lange playing various real life based characters.

Season 2 is a continuation of where Season 1 ended. Some soldiers find Escobar and his entourage right outside the perimeter of La Catedral, but are too petrified by Escobar to make an arrest. The US sends a new ambassador who brings the CIA into play. In the beginning, there is little change for Escobar, as he still has the loyalty of his cartel. However, this starts to slip as Escobar needs to use lot of time and resources to hide from the government. Among the tricks he uses to avoid being seen are hiring LimÃ³n, a pimp and taxi driver, who in turn hires his childhood friend Maritza to sit in the backseat as a decoy, while Escobar is hiding in the trunk; and having young look-outs reporting about Search Bloc attempts to find him.

In the meantime, the Cali Cartel forms an alliance with the right-wing CastaÃ±o brothers, Don Berna and Judy Moncada, whose husband Kiko was murdered by Escobar in Season 1. Judy vows revenge against Escobar after he kills her brother Jaime. In a meeting with the Cali Cartel leaders, Judy reluctantly gives the location of Escobar's drug labs to the Search Bloc, resulting in the arrest of multiple cartel members. Enraged, Escobar ambushes a convoy, killing nearly all police officers therein. Among the dead was Colonel Horacio Carillo, who had killed Gustavo and wanted to kill Escobar for years.

The Colombian police and Escobar engage in massive battles, resulting in high tension and unrest in Colombia. Agent PeÃ±a starts working with the vigilant death squad "Los Pepes", who kill Valeria Velez and Escobar's lawyer Fernando Duque. At Gilberto's daughter's wedding, Pablo has a bomb explode during the reception, with several people injured. Angered at Escobar's merciless attack, Gilberto has Los Pepes follow Pablo's mother Hermilda from church and attacks the Escobar family in their home, killing Tata's brother Carlos. Devastated, Escobar attempts to get his family to Germany, but Steve Murphy follows the family and has the German customs deport Hermilda, Tata and her children to Colombia.

The Cali Cartel meet with LeÃ³n (Escobar's associate from Season 1), who agrees to go into business with them. He is later killed when he is of no longer use to Cali. Judy plans to seize control of the drug trade and give up her allies to the police, but is betrayed by Berna and the Cali Cartel, so she flees Colombia and become an informer for the C.I.A.

Little by little, all of Escobar's men are hunted down and killed. After La Quica and Blackie are caught by the Search Bloc, Escobar goes on the run with Limón. They briefly stay in the ranch of Abel, Escobar's estranged father. Abel tells Escobar how ashamed he is of his life of crime, so Escobar and Limón leave. In search of money, Limón steals Maritza's earnings and kills her when she threatens to turn him in for the reward. Pablo and Limón return to Medellin and hide in a safehouse where he celebrates his 44th birthday. When Pablo tries to make contact with his family, the DEA and military track him down via radio triangulation and corner Pablo on the rooftops. In the ensuing chase, Limón is shot as he exits through a window and Pablo is hit multiple times; though Pablo's injuries are non-threatening, Trujillo (who survived Carrilio's convoy ambush) executes him with a shot to the head. Hermilda is devastated at her son's death and Tata meets with the Cali Cartel for their help in leaving the country. Peña returns to the U.S. and is asked to provide intel against the Cali Cartel.

The second season of Narcos received more favorable reviews than the first with critics particularly praising the performance of Wagner Moura as Pablo Escobar. Rotten Tomatoes gives it a score of 90% positive: "Narcos' sophomore season manages to elevate the stakes to a gut-wrenching degree in what continues to be a magnificent account of Pablo Escobar's life."[12] On Metacritic, Season 2 holds a score of 76 out of 100, based on 13 critics, indicating "generally favorable reviews".[13] IGN gave the second season a score of 7.4 out of 10 saying it "Good" and reads "It may go overboard with its love of Pablo Escobar, but I can't truly fault the show for taking advantage of its best performer and character â€“ or for scrambling to find an emotional core on a show that can feel rather clinical."[14]

Season two received generally positive reviews from many media outlets. Joshua Alston of The A.V. Club lauded the performance of Moura's and said, "While the show never soft-pedals the havoc Escobar created, it makes him surprisingly sympathetic, thanks in part to Moura’s shrewd, affecting performance."[15] Mark A. Perigard of Boston Herald said, "Moura’s performance anchors this show."[16] Critic Neil Genzlinger of New York Times said, "Mr. Moura is inscrutably brilliant at the center of it all."[17] Writing for IndieWire, Liz Shannon Miller said, "The show has figured out how to balance its ostensible heroes. The buddy cop energy between Peña and Murphy was one of Season 2’s most enjoyable side dishes--enough to make one hope for more."[18] The New York Post's, Robert Rorke said, "Without [Escobar] there’s a gaping hole. So allow yourself to be mesmerized and appalled at one of the most outrageous true crime dramas ever filmed."[19] Todd VanDerWerff of Vox said, "The second season of Narcos, Netflix’s historical drama about drug lord Pablo Escobar and the law enforcement officers who worked to bring him down, is a marked improvement over the first."[20]

Entertainment Weekly's Jeff Jensen also reviewed the series positively saying, "Where season 1 spanned 10 years, season 2 captures Escobar's last days on the loose. Each tightly packed episode moves quickly without sacrificing richness, chronicling the uneasy alliances and gross tactics employed to Snare Escobar."[21] Television critic, Tim Goodman of The Hollywood Reporter said, "What works in the early going of season two is that the fall is almost always more thrilling, if not engaging, than the buildup. Escobar senses the loss of power and Moura does some of his best work as viewers read the worry and interior thinking on his face."[22] John Anderson of Wall Street Journal wrote, "The sense of desperation among all the characters is heightened; the stakes are higher; the politics more sordid. Other aspects of the series, however, have remained disappointingly the same."[23] However, Writing for Collider Chris Cabin expressed that, "There are potent and provocative ideas that lie frustratingly dormant throughout this series, which seems to be just happy to play a competent but only occasionally compelling Michael Mann riff.[24]


when does the new season of family guy air

Family Guy's seventeenth season premiered on Fox in the United States on September 30, 2018.[1]

Family Guy (season 17)

The series follows the dysfunctional Griffin family, consisting of father Peter, mother Lois, daughter Meg, son Chris, baby Stewie, and the family dog Brian, who reside in their hometown of Quahog. The season's executive producers are Seth MacFarlane, Alec Sulkin, Richard Appel, Steve Callaghan, Danny Smith, Kara Vallow, Mark Hentemann, Tom Devanney, Patrick Meighan and Cherry Chevapravatdumrong. The season's showrunners are Sulkin and Appel.

During this season, Brian marries a dying woman (played by Casey Wilson) in a two-episode arc ("Married... with Cancer", "Dead Dog Walking"), Quagmire will have a teenage daughter (played by Mandy Moore) whom he never knew he had, the Griffins will take on the Korean Olympics ("Griffin Winter Games") and Brian and Stewie shrink to microscopic size ("Big Trouble in Little Quahog").


when did what's the 411 come out

What's the 411? is the debut album by American recording artist Mary J. Blige, released on July 28, 1992 by Uptown Records and MCA Records. Upon being signed to the Uptown label, she began working with record producer Sean "Puff Daddy" Combs who took over executive producer duties on the project and consulted additional musicians such as DeVante Swing, Tony Dofat, Dave Hall, Mark Morales and Mark "Cory" Rooney to record with Blige. What's the 411? contains a range of contemporary genres, and the songs are a mix of hip hop soul, contemporary early-1990s R&B and new jack swing.

What's the 411?

The album peaked at number six on the US Billboard 200 and topped the Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums chart. The album eventually sold 3.4 million copies and was certified triple platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA).[2] It received generally favorable reviews from music critics, who noted Blige's strong, soulful voice. She was also praised for combining hip hop and soul music, subsequently earning her the title "Queen of Hip Hop Soul". What's the 411? spawned six singles, including "You Remind Me" and "Real Love".

At the age of 17, Blige recorded a cover version of Anita Baker's "Caught Up in the Rapture" in a recording booth at a local mall. Her mother's boyfriend at the time later played the cassette to recording artist and A&R runner for Uptown Records, Jeff Redd.[3] Redd then sent it to the president and chief executive officer of the label, Andre Harrell. Blige met with Harrell in 1990 and performed the song for him.[4][5] She was signed to Uptown and became the label's youngest and third female recording artist (after Finesse N' Synquis).[6]

After being signed to Uptown Records, Blige began working with record producer Puff Daddy.[5] He became the executive producer and produced a majority of the album.[7] The title, What's the 411?, derived from Blige's past occupation as a 4-1-1 operator;[8] it was also an indication by Blige of being the "real deal".[9] The music was described as "revelatory on a frequent basis".[10] Blige was noted for having a "tough girl persona and streetwise lyrics".[11] The album begins with "Leave a Message", a collection of Blige's answering machine messages over a drum beat. The following two tracks, "Reminisce" and "You Remind Me", are melancholy songs that are overlaid with hip hop beats.[12] A cover of Chaka Khan's "Sweet Thing" followed.[13]

What's the 411? was released on July 28, 1992, to positive reviews from critics.[20] In Entertainment Weekly, Havelock Nelson hailed it as "one of the most accomplished fusions of soul values and hip-hop to date" while comparing Blige's "powerful voice" to Khan, Anita Baker, and Caron Wheeler.[17] Connie Johnson from the Los Angeles Times was particularly impressed by her rendition of "Sweet Thing" and "You Remind Me", calling the latter track "one of those perfect singer-to-song matches".[18] People magazine said the album succeeded because of Blige's "fly-girl attitude" and singing ability, even though "she may not be Chaka Khan or Gladys Knight".[21] Mitchell May was more critical in the Chicago Tribune, writing that aside from the title track and "Sweet Thing", What's the 411? was marred by dull production and "silly lyrics" depriving the singer of self-esteem.[14] Village Voice critic Robert Christgau was largely unimpressed, grading the album a "dud" in his consumer guide.[22] He later upgraded his score to a one-star honorable mentionâ€”indicating "a worthy effort that consumers attuned to its overriding aesthetic or individual vision may well like"; he named "Sweet Thing" and "Real Love" as highlights while writing that "real is not enough, but attached to the right voice it's something to build on".[15]

What's the 411? peaked at number six on the Billboard 200 and topped the Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums chart.[23] It also peaked at number 53 on the UK Albums Chart.[24] It was certified three times Platinum by the RIAA.[25] According to Entertainment Weekly's Dave DiMartino, with the record's commercial success and Blige's "powerful, soulful voice and hip-hop attitude", she "solidly connected with an audience that has never seen a woman do new jack swing but loves it just the same".[26]  According to Dave McAleer, Blige became the most successful new female R&B artist of 1992 in the United States.[27] What's the 411? earned her two Soul Train Music Awards in 1993: Best New R&B Artist and Best R&B Album, Female.[28] It was also voted the year's 30th best album in the Pazz & Jopâ€”an annual poll of American critics nationwide, published by The Village Voice.[29] By August 2010, the album had sold 3,318,000 copies in the US.[30]

What's the 411? has since been viewed by critics as one of the 1990s' most important records.[20] Blige's combination of vocals over a hip hop beat proved influential in contemporary R&B.[31] With the album, she was dubbed the reigning "Queen of Hip Hop Soul", Stanton Swihart wrote in a retrospective review for AllMusic. He called it "the decade's most explosive, coming-out displays of pure singing prowess".[10] According to David O'Donnell from BBC Music, What's the 411? was groundbreaking in its fusion of R&B hooks and hip hop beats, creating the formula for the contemporary R&B of the following decade. He complimented Blige's "sweet, soulful vocals", in line with Puff Daddy's "rough, jagged, hip-hop beats made for a winning combination that remains one of Blige's finest albums".[32] In The Rolling Stone Album Guide (2004), Tom Moon wrote that with the album, Blige offered "a gritty undertone and a realism missing from much of the devotional love songs ruling the charts at that time."[11]

*sales figures based on certification alone^shipments figures based on certification alone


how old is the lead singer for loverboy

Mike Reno (born Joseph Michael Rynoski; January 8, 1955) is a Canadian singer, musician and the lead singer of the rock band Loverboy. He is reported to have played the guitar, being self-taught.[1] He fronted other bands, including Moxy,[2] before helping form Loverboy.

Mike Reno

While still in school in the early 1970s, Reno joined a cover band called Morning Glory, in which he played the drums and eventually found his way to the cover band Synergy. Later, Reno moved on to a band called Spunk with guitarist Jack Stoltz. After graduating from Penticton Secondary School, Reno moved to Calgary, Alberta, after which he briefly joined the band Moxy for a single album, Under the Lights, released in 1978.[3] It was something of a departure from the previous Moxy albums, partially because of changes in band members as well as Reno's different singing style, and did not sell as well as the band's earlier releases.[4] Eventually, Reno was introduced to Paul Dean in 1979 at a nightclub called The Refinery[5] and they immediately got together for a jam session, which led to the formation of Loverboy shortly thereafter. Loverboy released its first album in 1980 and the band went on to tour extensively as well as release three more multi-platinum albums between 1981 and 1985. Loverboy's last full album of original material in the 1980s was Wildside (1987), though they included three new original songs on the compilation album Big Ones (1989).

Reno has also contributed to various film soundtracks. In 1984, he performed a duet with Ann Wilson of Heart, "Almost Paradise", for the movie Footloose. With Loverboy, the band contributed "Heaven in Your Eyes" for the movie Top Gun (1986). Reno contributed the song "Chasing the Angels" for the soundtrack to Iron Eagle II (1988)[6] along with the song "Whenever There's a Night" for the movie Dream a Little Dream (1989).[7] Reno also reportedly recorded a cover of "Never Been to Spain", a song that was originally written by Hoyt Axton and previously recorded by the band Three Dog Night for their album Harmony (1971). The Three Dog Night version went to #1 on the charts. In a 2003 release, artist Tim Feehan released a solo album Tracks I Forgot About containing a song that features Reno on vocals, "Call of the Wild".[8]

Reno's son, Alex, was born on January 23, 1988.

In the late 1990s, during a VH1 interview, Reno attributed the decline of Loverboy to the rise of grunge bands such as Pearl Jam and Nirvana.

In 2002, Reno released his first solo album titled Renovation. The album is composed of ten tracks closely resembling the sound of his work with Loverboy though some discs contain a bonus track depending on the source. The album was apparently recorded in the early 1990s (reportedly 1992) and was supposed to be released by Sony but they chose instead to indefinitely shelve the project due to changes in the music industry... the changes touched on by Reno in his previously mentioned VH1 interview. Reno eventually proceeded to release the un-mastered recordings from his own archival tapes on his now defunct website but went on to release the album widely on a variety of sources. The main complaint amongst critics and fans is a lack of mastering, overall production and polishing commonly found on finished albums... but hard core fans and critics seem to feel the album is more than worthy of attention in spite of this.[9][10][11][12]

Loverboy had a headlining spot at the 2007 Grey Cup party in Toronto.[13] At the 2009 Juno Awards, Reno was inducted into the Canadian Music Hall of Fame as a member of Loverboy.[14] Loverboy also played as a part of the 2010 Olympic ceremonies in Vancouver on Sunday February 21, 2010. This night, otherwise known as "Nunavut night", was co-headlined with the band Trooper. The live medal presentations were in short track speed skating (ladies' 1,500 m and men's 1,000 m), men's 1,500-metre speed skating and men's freestyle skiing ski cross.

As of 2015, Reno continues to tour and play live shows with Loverboy (see the band's official website for currently scheduled concert dates[15]) and has dates already scheduled for 2015. The band's latest full album of all-new material that contains new songs is Unfinished Business. The album was released on July 15, 2014 through Loverboy Music and it is widely available.


who plays harold levinson valet in downton abbey

Upon graduation from RADA, Benz made his professional stage debut in the Shakespeare's Globe touring production of The Winter's Tale playing Paulina and the Young Shepherd.[2] Also for Shakespeare's Globe, Benz appeared in Love's Labour's Lost, As You Like It, and the world premiere production of A New World: A Life of Thomas Paine.[3] In the summer of 2012, Benz played the title role in the Globe's production of Hamlet, directed by artistic director Dominic Dromgoole and Bill Buckhurst.[4] During the fall of 2012, the production toured the United States and Benz was nominated for Outstanding Lead Actor at the Helen Hayes Awards in Washington, DC.[5] Benz made his West End theatre debut in 2011 playing Horatio in Trevor Nunn's production of Rosencrantz & Guildenstern Are Dead at the Theatre Royal, Haymarket.[6] Benz worked with Nunn again later that year, playing Ferdinand opposite Ralph Fiennes' Prospero, in The Tempest also at Theatre Royal, Haymarket.[7] Other stage appearances by Benz include Lee Baum in Arthur Miller's rarely seen The American Clock[8] and Christopher in the premiere of Oohrah! by Bekah Brunstetter,[9] both at the Finborough Theatre; Simon Bliss in Noël Coward's Hay Fever at the West Yorkshire Playhouse;[10] and Balthasar in Romeo & Juliet for the Royal Shakespeare Company (RSC).[11] Benz was a guest star in the season four Christmas Special of Downton Abbey that was broadcast on 25 December 2013 in the UK (season 4, episode 8 in the US). Benz played Ethan, the American valet to guest star Paul Giamatti's character Harold Levinson.[12]

Michael Benz

Michael Benz is an English/American television and stage actor with dual citizenship. He was born and raised in London, England.

Benz trained as an actor at the Royal Academy of Dramatic Art (RADA) in London. Prior to this, he graduated with a BA in Psychology from Georgetown University in Washington, DC. As a child, Benz attended The American School in London.[1]

In 1992, while a fifth grader at The American School in London, Benz was cast as Mike in the popular British sci-fi TV sitcom Mike and Angelo, replacing the series' original Mike played by Matt Wright. Benz spent 6 seasons on the series, airing from 1993-1998, and appears in 60 episodes. While on break from Mike and Angelo, Benz appeared as the title character in the 1995 BBC 6-part miniseries Little Lord Fauntleroy, based on the English children's novel by Frances Hodgson Burnett, and adapted by Julian Fellowes.


what bridge does the d train go over

On February 22, 2004, full service on the Manhattan Bridge was restored and D trains were extended via the north tracks of the bridge to Brooklyn, replacing the W as the Fourth Avenue Express (late nights local) and West End Local to Coney Islandâ€“Stillwell Avenue.[10][11][12] The D was moved to the West End Line instead of returning to the Brighton Line, which it had run on since 1967, to provide 24-hour service to both the Concourse Line and West End Line and avoid running two separate (B and D) shortened services outside of weekdays. This eliminated the need to run late-night and/or weekend shuttles on the West End Line as done prior to 2002.[13]

D (New York City Subway service)

The D Sixth Avenue Express is a rapid transit service in the B Division of the New York City Subway. Its route emblem, or "bullet", is colored orange since it uses the IND Sixth Avenue Line in Manhattan.[2]

The D operates at all times between 205th Street in Norwood, Bronx, and Stillwell Avenue in Coney Island, Brooklyn. Daytime service operates local in the Bronx and express in Manhattan and in Brooklyn (between Atlantic Avenue–Barclays Center and 36th Street, bypassing DeKalb Avenue). During rush hours in the peak direction, service operates express between Fordham Road in the Bronx and 145th Street in Manhattan. Late night service operates local in the Bronx and Brooklyn (stopping at DeKalb Avenue) and express in Manhattan.

In its early years, the D ran to World Trade Center in Lower Manhattan via the lower IND Eighth Avenue Line. From the 1954 to 1967, the D used the IND Culver Line and from 1967 to 2001, BMT Brighton Line. A short-lived yellow D service ran via the BMT Broadway Line in Manhattan to the Brighton Line in Brooklyn, while orange D service used the Sixth Avenue, Central Park West, and Concourse Lines in Manhattan and the Bronx.

D service began on December 15, 1940 when the IND Sixth Avenue Line opened. It ran from 205th Street, the Bronx to World Trade Center (at that time called Hudson Terminal) on the IND Eighth Avenue Line, switching between the IND Sixth Avenue to the Eighth Avenue Lines just south of West Fourth Street â€“ Washington Square.[3]

D service was increased on October 24, 1949 in order to offset the loss of CC service.[4]

On December 29, 1951, peak direction express service in the Bronx was discontinued.

On October 30, 1954, a connection between the IND South Brooklyn Line and BMT Culver Line opened. D service was rerouted via these two lines to Coney Islandâ€“Stillwell Avenue with limited rush hour trains to Church Avenue.[5]

Between 1957 and 1959, limited rush hour trains ran express and/or local to Euclid Avenue.

From December 4 to 27, 1962, a special service labeled DD was provided due to a water main break. It ran local from 205th Street, Bronx to 59th Street–Columbus Circle, then continued as a local down the Eighth Avenue Line to West Fourth Street, where it switched to the Sixth Avenue Line and continued on its normal route to Coney Island – Stillwell Avenue via the Culver Line.[6]

On November 26, 1967, the Chrystie Street Connection opened, adding express service on the Sixth Avenue Line and connecting it with the north tracks of the Manhattan Bridge. D service was switched over to BMT Brighton Line via this new connector, running express on weekdays to Brighton Beach and local to Stillwell Avenue at all other times. In Manhattan, it ran express from West 4th Street to 34th Street rush hours only (the B used the express tracks to relay when it terminated at West 4th Street at other times).[7] It would become the full-time Sixth Avenue Express when non-rush hours B service was extended to 57th Street – Sixth Avenue.

When the north tracks of the Manhattan Bridge closed on April 13, 1986 due to construction, the D service was divided and ran in two sections, one between Norwood–205th Street in the Bronx and 34th Street–Herald Square (the Orange D) while the other ran from 57th Street–Seventh Avenue on the BMT Broadway Line, then express along the Broadway Line to Canal Street, then over the south tracks of the Manhattan Bridge into Brooklyn, and then along the Brighton Line to Stillwell Avenue (the Yellow D). At this time, D/Q skip-stop service ran in Brooklyn on weekdays.

On December 11, 1988, the north tracks of the Manhattan Bridge reopened and the two sections of the D joined together running via Sixth Avenue Express. The D now ran as the full-time Brighton Local to Stillwell Avenue.[8]

In May 1995, the north tracks were closed during midday and weekends and D service was cut south of 34th Street-Herald Square. On July 22, 2001, it was closed at all times and D service was cut again. In Brooklyn, it was replaced by Q local service.[9]

After September 11, 2001, C service was suspended. On weekends, the D ran local on the Eighth Avenue Line north of 59th Street to fill in the gap in service caused by the suspension.

From May 24, 2004 to Fall 2004, construction on the IND Concourse Line required the suspension of D express service in the Bronx.[14]

The following table shows the lines used by the D, with shaded boxes indicating the route at the specified times:[16]

For a more detailed station listing, see the articles on the lines listed above.


what is the thompson center in chicago illinois

The James R. Thompson Center (JRTC) is located at 100 W. Randolph Street in the Loop district of Chicago and houses offices of the Illinois state government.

James R. Thompson Center

The building opened in May 1985 as the State of Illinois Center. It was renamed in 1993 to honor former Illinois Republican Governor James R. Thompson. The property takes up the entire block bound by Randolph, Lake, Clark and LaSalle Streets, one of the 35 full-size city blocks within Chicago's Loop. In front of the Thompson Center is a sculpture, Monument With Standing Beast, by Jean Dubuffet. The Thompson Center is sometimes referred to as the State of Illinois Building.

On February 13, 2018, Chicago Police Commander Paul Bauer was shot and killed, allegedly by Shomari Legghette, while Bauer was pursuing a suspect down a stairwell of the Thompson Center.[1][2]

The Thompson Center was designed by Helmut Jahn of Murphy/Jahn now called JAHN Architects. It opened to mixed reviews by critics, ranging from "outrageous" to "wonderful". The color of the street-level panels were compared to tomato soup. The 17-story, all-glass exterior curves and slopes facing a plaza on the southeast corner of the property. The design simultaneity looks forward with advanced architectural tectonics (of the time) and back to recapture the grandeur of large public spaces. Visitors to the Thompson Center's interior can see all 17 floors layered partway around the building's immense skylit atrium. The open-plan offices on each floor are supposed to carry the message of "an open government in action."[citation needed]

Originally, the design called for curved, insulated (double paned) glass panels, but these were found to be prohibitively expensive. Flat, insulated glass had been suggested, but was dismissed by Jahn. Single-paned (non-insulated), curved glass panels were eventually used, and resulted in the need for a more expensive air conditioning system, which remains very costly to operate, and is insufficient on hot days; internal temperatures have reached as high as 90 °F (32 °C).[3] The building is also bitterly cold in the winter; in its early years, ice formed on the interior of some of the wall panels. The marble floor of the atrium initially developed unsightly water stains, an issue which has since been resolved.

The Clark/Lake 'L' station, the busiest in the system, is housed between the Thompson Center and the 203 N. LaSalle building across the street. Orange, Green, Blue, Pink, Purple and Brown Line trains stop at the center. Three tunnels of the Chicago Pedway enter the building's food-court concourse, connecting from to 203 North LaSalle Street, the Chicago Title and Trust Company and Chicago City Hall.

The sculpture at the front entrance by French artist Jean Dubuffet[4] sets the tone for this building that houses a tremendous art collection. The collection includes nineteen specially commissioned artworks funded by the State of Illinois Art-in-Architecture Program.[5] The building also has over 150 of the state's 600 works collected under the Percent for Art program. Under this program 0.5% of the money designated for construction of state-funded public buildings is used for the purchase of art.[6] The Illinois Artisan's shop is also housed inside the building.

When he first came to office, Illinois Governor Rod Blagojevich proposed selling the building to assuage the state budget.[7] The proposal was heavily criticized.[7] Lawmakers at first agreed to the plan,[8] but later a $200 million mortgage was agreed to instead, payable over 10 years.[9] The plan was declared unconstitutional by Illinois Attorney General Lisa Madigan in June 2004.[10] The plan was set aside, although it had already cost the state $532,000 in legal fees.[11]

In 2015,[12] and again in 2017,[13] Governor Bruce Rauner also proposed selling the property, and a legislative committee to explore his request was announced by Democratic House Speaker Michael Madigan in February 2017.

The Thompson Center has been a filming location in several motion pictures, including 2000's The Watcher and 1990's The Kid Who Loved Christmas, The climax of 1986's Running Scared was filmed there.

The location was previously the location of the Sherman House Hotel operated by Ernie Byfield.[17] The hotel was demolished in 1973 and the site was used as a parking lot until the Thompson Center was constructed.