when was mt. st. helens last eruption

The last significant eruption of Mount St. Helens before 1980 is generally considered to have occurred in 1857. Minor explosions reported in 1898, 1903, and 1921 were probably steam-driven and not magmatic (molten rock) eruptions.

Pre-1980 Eruptive History of Mount St. Helens, Washington

"U. S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 2005-3045 2005U. S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY and the U. S. FOREST SERVICE-OUR VOLCANIC PUBLIC LANDSPre-1980 Eruptive History of Mount St. Helens, Washing

ton Mount St. Helens, famous for its explosive 1980 eruption, has long been the most active volcano in the Pacific Northwest. U. S. Geological Survey (USGS) scientists have documented the volcano's 300,000- year geologic history, including powerful explosions of ash, outpourings of lava, and huge landslides and volcanic mudflows.

Understanding this history helps USGS scientists evaluate current activity at Mount St. Helens so that timely warnings of hazards can be issued to the public.

On May 18, 1980, Mount St. Helens, Washington, exploded in a spectacular and devastating eruption that brought the volcano to the attention of the world. Few people realized that Mount St. Helens had long been the most active volcano in the Cascade Range of the Pacific Northwest.

It has a rich and complex 300,000-year history and has produced both violent explosive eruptions of volcanic ash and pumice and relatively quiet outpourings of lava. The volcano's edifice was mostly built by lava domes and flows from numerous eruptions. Using evidence in these lavas and other deposits, U. S. Geological Survey (USGS) scientists have documented dozens of major individual eruptions of the volcano. An extensive apron of ash and fragmented volcanic rocks surrounds Mount St. Helens and mostly fills the valleys draining its slopes. This material was transported by pyroclastic flows (searingly hot flows of ash and volcanic gases), lahars (volcanic mudflows), and debris avalanches (landslides). Farther away from the volcano, pumice and ash that fell during explosive eruptions form layers that bury the landscape to depths of 10 feet or more. The pre-1980 eruptive history of Mount St. Helens is strongly episodic. Volcanologists have recognized and named four episodes of volcanic activity, called ""stages""-- Ape Canyon, Cougar, Swift Creek, and Spirit Lake--separated by dormant intervals. The youngest stage, Spirit Lake, is further subdivided into six eruptive periods. Because the preservation of deposits and other geologic evidence is best for the youngest stages, the farther scientists look back in time the less detail they can infer for the history of volcanism at Mount St. Helens. Mount St. Helens rises majestically above surrounding forests in this photo taken on May 17, 1980. In the devastating eruption the following day, 57 people were killed, most of the forest destroyed, and 1,300 feet of volcanic rock removed from the volcano's edifice, lowering its summit elevation to 8,364 feet (inset photo). During the volcano's 300,000-year history, dozens of eruptions have repeatedly changed its appearance. (USGS photos by Harry Glicken and Lyn Topinka. )Ape Canyon Stage (300 to 35 ka)

The early history of Mount St. Helens is poorly known, and a long timespan is covered by the Ape Canyon Stage. During this stage, lava domes erupted west of the present edifice of the volcano in two distinct periods--one from 300 to 250 thousand years ago (ka) and a second from 125 to 35 ka.

A number of ash layers, called the ""C"" set, are clearly related to volcanism during the younger phase of the Ape Canyon Stage, and a few ashes found in central Washington older than the C set are also from Mount St. Helens. Although some Ape Canyon-age lava domes are exposed in the area of Goat Mountain and Butte Camp, the best record of early Mount St. Helens volcanism is preserved in the Cougar-age debris avalanche (see below) and in glacial deposits and lahars in the Lewis River Valley. Many Ape Canyon-age rocks were altered hydrothermally (by volcanically heated ground water), indicating that an extensive hydrothermal system existed during the latter part of the stage. Volcanism during the Ape Canyon Stage produced a small cluster of lava domes with maximum elevations of about 4,000 feet. [Dormant Interval 35 to 23 ka]Cougar Stage (23 to 17 ka)During the Cougar Stage, Mount St. Helens produced lava domes and flows, as well as explosive eruptions that ejected large volumes of ash and generated pyroclastic flows. A huge debris avalanche and subsequent lahars were also emplaced. This avalanche (Cougar debris avalanche) is composed primarily of Ape Canyon-age rocks and was the most devastating event of the stage. The debris avalanche originated in the area of Butte Camp and emplaced a deposit 600 to 900 feet thick on the south flank of the volcano. This avalanche, which was at least twice as large as the huge debris avalanche that triggered Mount St. Helens' 1980 eruption, dammed the Lewis River. Downcutting of the dam caused flooding downstream as far as the Columbia River and filled the lower Lewis River Valley with volcanic debris (ash and broken rock) at least 200 feet thick. The Cougar debris avalanche was followed by a large explosive eruption producing pyroclastic flows that buried the avalanche deposits with a 300-foot-thick sheet of dacite pumice (the ""2-pumice pf""). (Dacite is volcanic rock containing 63 to 68% silica [Si O 2 ].) Continued explosive activity deposited ash sets ""M"" and ""K"" and more pyroclastic flows (the ""white pumice""). The Cougar Stage culminated with the eruption of the largest lava flow in the history of Mount St. Helens (Swift Creek flow). The vent for this andesite (53 to 63% Si O 2) lava flow, at an elevation of 6,000 feet on the south flank of Mount St. Helens, marks the summit of the volcano at that time. [Dormant Interval 17 to 13 ka]Swift Creek Stage (13 to 11 ka)During the Swift Creek Stage, explosive eruptions produced two widespread ash layers, and three extensive fans of volcanic debris were emplaced from growing, unstable dacite lava domes. The Swift Creek fan, composed of pyroclastic flows and lahars, buried Cougar- age deposits on the south flank of Mount St. Helens. The Crescent fan consists of pyroclastic flows at least 600 feet thick on the west flank of the volcano that were derived from the Crescent lava dome. The Cedar Flats fan completely filled the ancestral valley of Pine Creek and spilled into the Lewis River at Cedar Flats. It was at least 300 feet thick in the Cedar Flats area. This fan is dominated by lahar deposits, but also contains pyroclastic material produced by collapses of lava domes. All three fans are associated with the deposition of ash set ""S"" dated at 13 to 12.5 ka. The Swift Creek Stage culminated with deposition of ash set ""J"" at about 11.5 to 11 ka. At the end of Swift Creek time, Mount St. Helens consisted of a cluster of dacite domes with elevations as high as 7,000 feet. [Dormant Interval 11 to 3.9 ka]Spirit Lake Stage (3.9 ka to present)The bulk of the pre-1980 edifice of Mount St. Helens was constructed by eruptions during the Spirit Lake Stage. Excellent preservation of deposits, as well as numerous ages from radiocarbon and tree-ring dating, provide considerable detail for this stage. Volcanism was intermittent, with lulls on the order of a few to about 600 years. As in earlier stages, Spirit Lake volcanism erupted mostly dacite, but significant amounts of basalt (less than 53% Si O 2) and andesite were also erupted. The Spirit Lake Stage is subdivided into six eruptive periods—the Smith Creek, Pine Creek, Castle Creek, Sugar Bowl, Kalama, and Goat Rocks Eruptive Periods. This map, originally produced by the U. S. Geological Survey in 1919, shows the pre-1980 topography of Mount St. Helens. The gentle slopes on the flanks of the volcano are fans of volcanic debris and consist of ash, pumice, and volcanic rock fragments. Dashed lines show the extent of these fans. Smith Creek Eruptive Period (3.9 to 3.3 ka) --During this period, Mount St. Helens erupted mostly ash. Two periods of activity, about 3.90 to 3.85 ka and 3.5 to 3.3 ka, deposited set ""Y"" ashes. The second period was initiated with an eruption that produced ""Yn"" ash. This eruption, possibly the most voluminous in Mount St. Helens' history, was about four times larger than the 1980 eruption. During late Smith Creek time, huge lahars swept down the Toutle River, and some probably reached the Columbia River. The primarily ash-producing eruptions of Mount St. Helens during Smith Creek time did not significantly change the volcano's shape. Pine Creek Eruptive Period (2.9 to 2.55 ka) --During the Pine Creek Eruptive Period, Mount St. Helens erupted ash and produced pyroclastic flows and dacite domes, and two small debris avalanches occurred on its north flank. Repeated collapse of hot, growing lava domes produced an extensive and broad fan of volcanic debris as much as 600 feet thick on the south flank of the volcano. Similar deposits on the north flank can still be found as far downstream as the town of Toutle. Pine Creek-age dacite domes exposed in the walls of the crater left by the 1980 eruption show that at the end of Pine Creek time, the volcano was a cluster of lava domes with a maximum elevation of about 7,000 feet. Castle Creek Eruptive Period (2.55 to 1.895 ka) --The Castle Creek Eruptive Period produced many lava flows and domes, pyroclastic flows, and ash. Andesite lava flows and ash erupted from the summit were emplaced on all flanks of Mount St. Helens between 2.55 and about 2.50 ka. A lull of about 300 years followed, and volcanism resumed at about 2.2 ka with eruption of andesite lava flows on the volcano's north flank. Several thick dacite lava flows and domes, pyroclastic flows and ash, and lahars were produced at 2.0 ka. Castle Creek activity culminated with eruption of three groups of fluid basalt lava flows that poured down all flanks of the volcano as far as 8 miles. The Cave Basalt, erupted at 1.895 ka, was the most recent of these. Castle Creek lavas transformed the Pine Creek-age cluster of domes into a classic cone-shaped composite volcano, with a summit elevation of about 8,500 feet. CHRONOLOGY OF ERUPTIVE ACTIVITY AT MOUNT ST. HELENSThis simplified chronology shows the volcanic history of Mount St. Helens from its earliest beginnings about 300,000 years ago (300 ka) to its devastating and deadly eruption on May 18, 1980. The major volcanic deposits of each stage and period are listed to the right of the time columns. Lava and ash erupted by the volcano are mostly dacite (volcanic rock containing 63 to 68% silica [Si O 2 ]), but also include andesite (53 to 63% Si O 2) and basalt (less than 53% Si O 2 ). Pyroclastic flows are searingly hot flows of ash and volcanic gases, and lahars are volcanic mudflows. ""Dormant"" intervals are time periods during which no volcanic activity is known. The diagram below shows how Mount St. Helens evolved from a small cluster of dacite lava domes to a moderate-size conical volcano. The Profile of Mount St. Helens Through Time THE HISTORY OF MOUNT ST. HELENS IS WRITTEN IN LAYERS OF ASHBy examining layers of volcanic ash (tiny jagged particles of volcanic rock and glass) and pumice deposited by successive explosive eruptions, U. S. Geological Survey scientists have deciphered the eruptive history of Mount St. Helens. Groups or ""sets"" of ash layers of similar age are designated with letters and signify explosive episodes in the volcano's history. Ages of ash layers less than 50,000 years old are determined by radiocarbon dating of wood or charcoal trapped in the ash. The 20-foot-high cliff at ""Stratigraphy Viewpoint"" along the Muddy River (photo above) exposes a series of deposits from the past 13,000 years of Mount St. Helens' history. The prominent yellow-brown layer in the middle is part of ash set ""Y"" from the Smith Creek Eruptive Period. The cliff is capped by deposits several feet thick from the volcano's devastating 1980 eruption. Major explosive eruptions not only leave deposits near the volcano but also inject fine ash (see inset photo) high into the atmosphere, where wind can carry it great distances. The map shows the known distribution of recognizable ash layers from three fairly typical explosive eruptions of Mount St. Helens in the past few thousand years. The eruption that produced the ""Yn"" ash was about four times as large as that of 1980 and was probably the largest explosive eruption in the volcano's history. Sugar Bowl Eruptive Period (1.2 to 1.15 ka [A. D. 850 to 900, corrected radiocarbon dates]) --During the Sugar Bowl Eruptive Period, three lava domes were built on the flanks of Mount St. Helens. Explosive eruptions associated with growth of the Sugar Bowl Dome produced two ""lateral blasts"" that affected an area about one-tenth as large as that of the lateral blast in the 1980 eruption. Ash layer ""D"" and lahars were also emplaced. The Sugar Bowl period was short lived, produced a small volume of volcanic materials, and did not significantly change the appearance of the volcano. Kalama Eruptive Period (A. D. 1479 to 1720) --Activity during this period produced large-volume dacite ashes, pyroclastic flows, domes, lahars, and andesite lava flows. Mount St. Helens added about 1,000 feet of elevation and attained its pre-1980 form during the Kalama Period. The Kalama Eruptive Period is subdivided into three series of events—the early, middle, and late Kalama phases. The early Kalama phase began in 1479 with a large pyroclastic eruption that deposited dacite ash layer ""Wn."" In 1482, a smaller eruption produced ash layer ""We."" Over the next 10 to 20 years, a number of lava domes grew in the volcano's crater and were disrupted by explosive eruptions. Lahars and pyroclastic flows associated with early Kalama eruptions are abundant on the volcano's west and south flanks. The middle Kalama phase began about 1510 with eruption of andesite as pyroclastic flows (which generated hot lahars), a few lava flows, and ash set ""X."" The middle phase peaked about 1535 with eruption of the many thick andesite lava flows prominent on all flanks of Mount St. Helens, including the Worm Complex flows, and ended by 1570. The most significant event of the late Kalama phase was growth of a large dacite dome at the summit (Summit Dome). The Summit Dome took nearly 100 years to grow (1620 to 1720) and gave Mount St. Helens its pre-1980 form. During growth, it shed material as pyroclastic flows and lahars on all flanks of the volcano. Mount St. Helens acquired its pre- 1980 cover of glaciers as a result of growth of the Summit Dome. Goat Rocks Eruptive Period (A. D. 1800– 1857) --The Goat Rocks Period was short and relatively small. An explosive eruption in 1800 produced ash layer ""T"" and was followed in 1801 by an andesite lava fl ow, called the ""Floating Island,"" on Mount St. Helens' north fl ank. Eruptions observed intermittently from 1831 to 1857 produced ash and the Goat Rocks Dome, whose growth also resulted in a small fan of volcanic debris and lahars.

Eruptions of the Goat Rocks Period did not significantly change the appearance of Mount St. Helens, but they added the final pieces to the edifice and set the stage for the 1980 eruption. Recent work by scientists with the USGS in cooperation with the U. S. Forest Service is shedding new light on the 300,000-year history of Mount St. Helens Volcano. The work of these USGS scientists is only part of the USGS Volcano Hazards Program's ongoing efforts to protect people's lives and property in all of the volcanic regions of the United States, including the Pacifi c Northwest, eastern California, Wyoming, Alaska, and Hawaii. Michael A. Clynne, David W. Ramsey, and Edward W. Wolfe Edited by James W. Hendley II and Peter H. Stauffer Graphic design by Susan Mayfield and Sara Boore; Web design by Michael Diggles COOPERATING ORGANIZATION U. S. Forest Service For more information contact: U. S. Geological Survey David A. Johnston Cascades Volcano Observatory 1300 SE Cardinal Court, Bldg. 10, Suite 100 Vancouver, WA 98683-9589 Tel: (360) 993-8900, Fax: (360) 993-8980 e-mail: cvo@usgs.gov See also What are Volcano Hazards? ( USGS Fact Sheet 002-97) and other USGS volcano Fact Sheets http://volcanoes.usgs.gov/Products/sproducts.html PDF version of this fact sheet (568 KB)Download a copy of Acrobat Reader for free | Help | PDF help | Western Publications main page | Western Fact Sheets | | U. S. Geological Survey | Geologic Division | Volcano Hazards Team || Department of the Interior | Privacy Statement | Disclaimer | Accessibility | URL of this page: https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/2005/3045/ Maintained by: Michael Diggles Created: May 12, 2005 Last modified: May 12, 2005 (mfd) "


what makes a baby mottled

These skin color changes can be described as a mottling of purplish, pink, and sometimes blue on different areas of the baby’s body. A change in skin color is due to an underdeveloped circulatory system. Babies often exhibit mottling of the skin due to their immature circulatory system.

Mottled Skin in Infants and Babies: Causes and Treatment By A RMay 13, 2011 Updated on December 14, 2011 4 Comments There is no cause for alarm if a mother gives birth to a newborn that shows evidence of mottled skin. Mottling of skin is just development of uneven patches on skin. There are many natural causes for mottling of the skin in infants and young children. Most cases disappear on their own without any treatment. Skin mottling is also known as dyschromia. It is a result of blood vessel changes under the skin. The skin may be colored red, brown, purple depending on the condition. These patches are nothing but blood under your skin.

Causes of Mottled Skin in Infants Skin mottling or Cutis Marmorata can be typically seen in newborn infants. During the time of delivery, skin mottling can develop as a result of broken blood vessels present on the upper layer of the skin.

It produces a typical marbled appearance of the skin. Cutis Marmorata or skin mottling also appears when the infant passes stools. An intensely cold environment can also cause mottling of the skin. This is due to dilatation of a few capillaries on the upper surface of the skin as a result of the cold temperature. The skin changes consist of circumscribed, pink patches measuring 2 to 3 cms. in diameter, bordered by a bluish discoloration. They produce a striking marble polish effect. Mottled skin in infants usually involves trunk and extremities in varying degrees. The nose, lips and genitalia are seldom involved. Casues of Skin Mottling in Babies Throughout their growth and development, parents can sometimes observe skin color changes on their babies.

The nerve supply to the fine blood vessels on the upper skin layer is still immature. This can result in uneven contraction and dilatation of the blood vessels on different parts of the skin. This can cause skin mottling. Mottled Skin in Children: Causes As babies grow up to become young children, mottled skin should no longer be a worry for parents. Usually, by this time their circulatory system is well developed. During development, parents may notice that a child’s hands and feet are bluish as compared to the rest of the body. Parents may also observe that a child is pink on one side and blue on the other side. When children cry, mottling may be exhibited. Mottling also occurs when children are cold. These are all signs of an immature circulatory system. A child may feel withdrawn and have low self esteem as a result of skin mottling. Over time, these symptoms will vanish as the circulatory system develops fully. Mottling or bluish discoloration that persists should be reported to the doctor immediately. Treatment of Skin Mottling The main cause for mottled skin or Cutis Marmorata is the immature circulatory system of an infant or child. No medical treatment is indicated at this time for mottled skin in infants or children. Treatment is often symptomatic. Parents are encouraged to address the mottling as it occurs. When a child is cold, tuck him under a blanket and keep him warm. Adjust the room temperature to a level where you child feels comfortably warm. When a child appears flushed, check his body temperature around the neck or along the face. The child may need psychological support, especially when somebody mentions the visible patches that makes him feel low and self-conscious. Skin mottling vanishes gradually as the child grows into adolescence. Related posts: Chicken Pox in Infants: Symptoms, Treatment for Varicella in Children Loss of Appetite in Babies Causes: Appetite Loss in Infants Treatment What are the Symptoms and Treatment for Hyperinflated Lungs in Infants Sleeping Disorders in Babies: Causes and Treatment for Toddler’s Sleep Problems Leukopenia in Children, Causes Of Leukopenia in Infants Posted in: Children's Health Tagged: Causes And Treatment, mottled skin, Mottled Skin in Babies, Mottled Skin in Children, Mottled Skin in Infants, skin mottling


did jonah die in the belly of the whale

No, Jonah did not die. He prayed in the belly of the whale for three days. After three days the whale spit him out on dry land and he was near Nineveh. God sent the whale to take him to Nineveh. Look up the song: In the Belly of a Whale by the Newsboys. It's a fun Christian song that kids will enjoy for a life time.

"3Did Jonah die while he was in the belly of the fish? Jonah 2:1 - 10ESV - 1 Then Jonah prayed to the Lord his God from the belly of the fish. 2 Saying, ""I called out to the Lord, out of my distress, and he answered me; out of the belly of Sheol I cried, and you heard my voice. Clarify • Share • Report • Asked July 01 2013 • Anonymous (via Got Questions)Answers (12) Discuss Community answers are sorted based on votes. The higher the vote, the further up an answer is.19★S. Michael Houdmann Supporter Got Questions Ministries Those who accept the literal account of Jonah take one of two main views regarding what happened to Jonah during his time in the belly of the great fish (Jonah 2). One view holds that Jonah died an... Login or Sign Up to view the rest of this answer. July 01 2013 • 1 response • Vote Up • Share • Report Upgrade and Remove Ads Report Inappropriate Ad10★Selva Moses Supporter Director - Singapore Info Comm Technology, servant of God It is false if anyone preaches that Jonah was miraculously kept alive; he died when thus swallowed up. He became a true type of the death, burial, and resurrection of Jesus Christ. The ""as... so"" of Mt. 12:40 requires the death and resurrection of Jonah in the type. Jonah was later resurrected from the dead (Jonah 2:10; Mt. 12:40). --> 3 days and 3 nights The Hebrew idiom ""three days"" can be used for any part of three days, but when the word ""nights"" is used with it the term can only mean three literal days and nights (Mt. 12:40). ""As Jonas was three days and three nights in the whale's belly"" in Mt 12:49 indicates that Jonah was dead for three days and was resurrected as a true type of Christ. If this is not the case, then he could not be a true sign of the death and resurrection of Jesus Christ. Nothing is said about Jonah being preserved alive in the whale's belly. It would be just as easy to believe one as the other. Jon 2:1 (KJV) says, ""I cried by reason of mine affliction unto the Lord, and he heard me; out of the belly of HELL cried I, and thou heardest my voice."" Hebrew: She'owl (H7585) is used to refer HELL, the unseen world, the place of departed souls; it is not a grave where the body goes at death. Jonah prayed from both places-- the belly of the fish before die and his soul was in Sheol after his physical death; for he was in both places, his soul being in Hades between the time of his death and resurrection (Jonah 2:1- 2). --> Jonah was resurrected when the whale vomited him out. Jesus also descended to hell (Ps. 16:10; Mt. 12:40). He descended, not only from deity to humanity and from humanity to infamy and death (Php. 2:5- 11), but also into the lower parts of the earth-- into hell itself to conquer hell and liberate captive souls from Satan (Eph. 4:8- 10 Ps. 16:10; 68:18; Mt. 12:40; Heb. 2:14- 15). August 08 2014 • 2 responses • Vote Up • Share • Report4★Mike Joshua Sinner saved by grace to serve and witness wherever I can I agree that neither version of alive or dead is conclusive, and in these instances we should be careful. If we are not, then the focus becomes Jonah and his plight and not the conclusion where the city repents. I am not discouraging discussion I just prefer to let God reveal facts where He chooses and where He chooses to be wooly then there must be a higher and more profound reason for it. Either way - Jonah arrived and preached, the city repented and God in HIs awesome mercy didn't destroy it. Jonah learned a lesson on the way too. July 27 2014 • 0 responses • Vote Up • Share • Report3★Mthura Nyiki I completely disagree with the view that Jonah died after being swallowed by the big fish for two principal reasons which are, 1. No where in the bible is it said that he died before being vomited out. 2. A dead person can neither pray nor cry as Jonah did whiles in the belly of the big fish. Jonah's experience of being swallowed and then vomited out is merely symbolic of the death and resurrection of Jesus Christ exactly in the same way as being baptized by water,the later is not real death but symbolic as the story of Jonah. Emihle Nyiki. April 07 2016 • 0 responses • Vote Up • Share • Report2★ELAKODICAL KURIAKOJonah was very much alive in the belly of the fish for three days. After three days the big fish vomitted him out January 09 2014 • 0 responses • Vote Up • Share • Report2★Robert Bills High Pursuit Ministries Yes, He did die, the Scripture says the weeds were wrapped about his neck, and then describes the first after death experience that I am aware of, He describes being at the gates under the sea which is yes the very same that we know of as Hell, which even the righteous went to a chamber down there, called Abraham's bosom, and later set free when CHRIST went there and released them after His crucifixion, and then God miraculously brought Him back to life while being preserved in the large fishes belly, so no other elements would have been able to destroy Jonah's body, He prayed and was then vomited on shore near Nineveh, where God had told Him to go in the first place. February 22 2015 • 0 responses • Vote Up • Share • Report2★Kenneth Heck Anyone swallowed whole by a fish (or whale) is as good as dead according to any reasonable standards. Vomiting Jonah out afterwards is a marvel, perhaps a miracle in itself, because we don't see fish vomiting up what they catch. So, Jonah was as good as dead, but later Christ was truly dead. The difference in the two situations corresponds to the difference between the Old and New Testaments. In the Old we encounter poetical statements such as in Jonah 2.2 ""From the depths of the grave I called for help."" In truth he was in the belly of the fish, probably one of the largest ones, such as a large megamouth shark, or perhaps a whale. In the New Testament we see that ""... Grace and Truth came by Jesus Christ"" (John 1:17). Because the full explanatory truth isn't always directly available in the Old Testament, any supposed evidence that Jonah truly died can't be given the full credibility of the New Testament standard. If Jonah had actually died and been resurrected, he would have gone way beyond the limits of the Mosaic Covenant, which doesn't provide for an unaided physical resurrection from death. Jonah was alive for three days in the great fish, but he might not have been fully conscious or breathing normally, since God may have placed him in a coma or suspended animation in order to survive. His prayer could have been while asleep or in a coma. This is as close as he could have come to Christ's true death and resurrection after three days. No one in the Old Testament duplicated what Christ did. February 22 2015 • 3 responses • Vote Up • Share • Report1★Clare Knowlton Student

April 08 2014 • 0 responses • Vote Up • Share • Report0★Tony Flores Tony Flores a servant of Jesus Christ Jonah did not die inside the fish. He could have easily gotten oxygen from the sea weed around his head and the sea weed could have gotten Jonah's carbon monoxide. Also, when the fish vomited Johah, he would have been very white like a ghost and the people paid attention to him, for he looked like a ghost. If Jonah die or was kept alive by God, it still reflects that he was in the Big Fish's belly and was alive after three days and that was the only sign Jesus would give when the people wanted a sign to believe in Him. Remember that nothing is impossible for God and what ever we believe happened inside the Big Fish was the Will of almighty God. February 22 2016 • 0 responses • Vote Up • Share • Report0★Phil Calvert husband and dad, follower of the bible and bible studies Jonah 1:17 KJV [17] Now the Lord had prepared a great fish to swallow up Jonah. And Jonah was in the belly of the fish three days and three nights. It says here that he was in the whale 3 days and night. The Jonah prayed the God and then the whale vomited him up onto the shore as seen in. Jonah 2:10 KJV [10] And the Lord spake unto the fish, and it vomited out Jonah upon the dry land. So no Jonah did not die in the whale December 07 2016 • 0 responses • Vote Up • Share • Report0★David Tan I think Jonah did not die because: (1) He counted 3 days and nights. If he had died he would not have known how many days and nights he had been in the fish belly. (2) Jonah 2:3 says, ""Billows and waves passed over him,"" which means that the big fish was swimming near the water surface, allowing waves of water to pass over Jonah. This also means fresh air for Jonah. August 01 2017 • 0 responses • Vote Up • Share • Report0★Bonnie Agudelo Jonah was alive while in the belly of the fish. The Bible says he prayed out of the belly of Sheol. First, Sheol would be hell and the Bible doesn't mention hell having a belly. Second, if he's in hell, it's too late for second chances. Third, if he wasn't in hell, he would've been in Abraham's bossom and he wouldn't had prayed to leave from there. God kept him alive and he was able to think about what he had done in running away from God's will and now be ready to obey. August 03 2017 • 0 responses • Vote Up • Share • Report Add your Answer All answers are REVIEWED and MODERATED. Please ensure your answer MEETS all our guidelines. What makes a good answer? ▼4000 characters remaining I promise to adhere to all guidelines . "


name of donkey on hee haw

Eeyore is also the name of the donkey in Winnie-the-Pooh. Braying can also be used as a form of mockery, and donkeys can be trained to bray on command. The sound would’ve simply been haw, had the donkey not been given an ability not shared by other equines. A donkey can make vocal noises while it inhales as well as while it exhales. This produces the sucking hee sound of hee-haw that we all know and love, or cover our ears and run from. Braying is often used as a simile for loud and foolish speech, for example:

What Sound Does a Donkey Make and What does Hee-Haw and Eeyore Mean in Donkey Talk? July 18, 2014 by Karen Hill | Filed Under: Animals Braying is the characteristic sound made by donkeys and most mules. Donkeys use braying to communicate with other donkeys and they will bray more frequently when a new donkey is encountered. Braying usually lasts for twenty seconds, and may be written onomatapoeically as “eeyore”.

“There are braying men in the world as well as braying asses; for what’s loud and senseless talking and swearing, any other than braying.”Sir Roger L’Estrange Sounds like a Real Ass. Related Why is a Male donkey Called Jack and a Female Donkey Called Jenny and How Did the Names Originate? Where does the expression “to hem and haw” come from and What does it mean? Why Can’t the People Who Make Phones Make Voices Sound Better and Not Tinny?


fin de siecle meaning

dfin de siècle [ (fann duh see- ek -luh)]The end of the nineteenth century; the phrase is French for “end of the century.” Fin de siècle is particularly used to describe the period's self-conscious artistic movements and a sophisticated despair that became popular at the time. Oscar Wilde is one of the best-known fin-de-siècle figures.

fin de siÃ¨cle

"fin de siècle [fa n d uh sye -kl uh] French. Spell Syllablesnoun1. the end of the 19th century.adjective2. Sometimes, fin-de-siècle. of, relating to, or characterized by concepts of art, society, etc., associated with the end of the 19th century. Dictionary.com Unabridged Based on the Random House Dictionary, © Random House, Inc. 2018. Cite This Source Examples from the Web for fin de siecle Expand Historical Examples But, take it all in all, it's safer and more in keeping with fin de siecle rules and regulations. The Woman Beautiful Helen Follett Stevans British Dictionary definitions for fin de siecle Expandfin de siècle/ fɛ̃ də sjɛklə /noun1. the end of the 19th century, when traditional social, moral, and artistic values were in transitionadjective2. of or relating to the close of the 19th century3. decadent, esp in artistic tastes Collins English Dictionary - Complete & Unabridged 2012 Digital Edition © William Collins Sons & Co. Ltd. 1979, 1986 © Harper Collins Publishers 1998, 2000, 2003, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2009, 2012 Cite This Source Contemporary definitions for fin de siecle Expandadjectivepertaining to the end of the 19th century, esp. its fashions, art, literature Word Origin French 'end of the century'Dictionary.com's 21st Century Lexicon Copyright © 2003-2014 Dictionary.com, LLC Cite This Source Word Origin and History for fin de siecle Expandadj.1890, from French fin de siècle ""end of century,"" phrase used as an adjective. At the time it meant ""modern;"" now it means ""from the 1890s."" ""App. first in title of a comedy, Paris fin de siècle, produced at the Gymnase, Feb. 1890"" [Weekley]. French siècle ""century, age"" is from Latin saeculum (see secular ). Online Etymology Dictionary, © 2010 Douglas Harper Cite This Sourcefin de siecle in Culture Expan

The New Dictionary of Cultural Literacy, Third Edition Copyright © 2005 by Houghton Mifflin Company. Published by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved. Cite This Source "


who is postmaster for vancouver washington

(Vancouver, WA) Deputy Postmaster General Ron Stroman drew the ire of dozens of postal workers and community allies when he visited Vancouver this morning. Carrying signs, picketing and chanting, the protesters massed at the entrance to the 2014 Mailers Conference at the Convention Center Hilton.

Deputy Postmaster Generalâs Visit to Vancouver, WA Draws Ire of Protesters

Deputy Postmaster General’s Visit to Vancouver, WA Draws Ire of Protesters Posted on August 21, 2014 by postal Top postal executive’s visit draws protestby Portland Communities and Postal Workers United

“No closures, no cuts, no contracting-out” blared from a bullhorn heard inside by conference-goers, gathered to hear Stroman speak. A flyer with “Nine Questions” (attached) for the DPMG was distributed to attendees. Ronald Stroman is the second-highest ranking postal executive. He serves on the Postal Service Board of Governors. According to promotional materials, he “also has the lead role in working with Congress to …adjust delivery frequency and gain greater flexibility in aligning the Postal Service processing, distribution and retail networks…” In plain language, the Deputy PMG is pushing to eliminate Saturday and at-the-door delivery as well as continue the massive cuts and closures to mail processing plants and post offices across the nation. In addition, Stroman is a leader in the outsourcing of postal work to private corporations such as Staples, Pitney Bowes, Amazon, and Dill’s Star Route trucking. Of immediate concern to the protesters is the projected closure of 82 mail processing facilities, including those in Tacoma, Wenatchee, Bend, Pendleton, and Eugene, beginning in January. 15,000 family wage, union jobs will be lost and delivery standards will be relaxed to delay mail 2 to 3 days. Stroman and postal management say these cuts and closures are necessary because the USPS is losing money. The protesters, organized by Portland Communities and Postal Workers United, claim that a 2006 Congressional mandate, which forces the U. S. Postal Service to prefund retiree health benefits 75 years in advance, has created a phony financial crisis. Although the USPS has claimed a “loss” every year since 2006, due primarily to the pre-fund mandate, the postal service has not made an actual payment toward prefunding since 2011. The USPS has generated an operating profit for the last six quarters.“It’s not the internet, not private competition, not labor costs, not the recession – postal management is killing the US Postal Service,” says Jamie Partridge, retired postal worker. The activists are calling on postal management to suspend cuts, closures, and subcontracting and allow Congress to fix the finances by repealing the prefunding mandate and refunding the pension surplus. The pension surplus involves some $60 to $85 Billion overpaid into federal retirement accounts, according to the Office of the Inspector General and the Postal Regulatory Commission. Twin bills, HR 630, sponsored by U. S. Representative Peter De Fazio (Oregon) and S 316, sponsored by Senator Bernie Sanders (Vermont), would fix postal finances and prevent plant and office closures and service cuts. A rally outside the convention center featured the following speakers · Bob Vacca, president, Oregon State American Postal Workers Union · Brian Dunsmore, president, American Postal Workers Union, Portland area · Ben Poe, Portland Communities and Postal Workers United · Jim Falvey, president, National Association of Letter Carriers, Portland area · Greg Stark, National Postal Mail Handlers Union, Portland area · Greg Margolis, Portland Jobs with Justice This entry was posted in politics, postal, postal finances, postal news, usps and tagged Communities and Postal Workers United, Deputy Postmaster General Ron Stroman, postal, postal news, postal protests. Bookmark the permalink .


naivety meaning

ete Freebase (0.00 / 0 votes)Rate this definition: Naivety Naivety, is the state of being naive—having or showing a lack of experience, understanding or sophistication, often in a context where one neglects pragmatism in favor of moral idealism. One who is naive may be called a naif.

Definitions &Translations

"Princeton's Word Net (0.00 / 0 votes)Rate this definition:naivete, naivety, naiveness (noun)lack of sophistication or worldliness Webster Dictionary (0.00 / 0 votes)Rate this definition: Naivety (noun)naiv

Numerology Chaldean Numerology The numerical value of naivety in Chaldean Numerology is: 5Pythagorean Numerology The numerical value of naivety in Pythagorean Numerology is: 6Sample Sentences & Example Usage Donald Tusk: We can no longer allow solidarity to be equivalent to naivety, openness to be equivalent to helplessness, freedom to be equivalent to chaos. And by that, I am of course referring to the situation on our borders, citizens want to feel safe again, because only then will they be capable of helping people in need. Images & Illustrations of naivety Translations for naivety From our Multilingual Translation Dictionaryسذاجة Arabicingenuidad Spanish Get even more translations for naivety »Translation Find a translation for the naivety definition in other languages: Select another language: Discuss these naivety definitions with the community: Word of the Day Would you like us to send you a FREE new word definition delivered to your inbox daily? Please enter your email address: Subscribe Citation Use the citation below to add this definition to your bibliography: Style: MLA Chicago APA""naivety."" Definitions.net. STANDS4 LLC, 2018. Web. 11 Apr. 2018. < https://www.definitions.net/definition/naivety >. Are we missing a good definition for naivety? Don't keep it to yourself... Submit Definition "


what symptoms are associated with black mold

The most common black mold symptoms and health effects are associated with a respiratory response. Chronic coughing and sneezing, irritation to the eyes, mucus membranes of the nose and throat, rashes, chronic fatigue and persistent headaches can all be symptomatic of black mold exposure or black mold poisoning.

Black Mold Symptoms and Health Effects

Black Mold Symptoms and Health Effects

Learn about black mold symptoms and health effects so that you can identify indicators of black mold exposure and black mold poisoning.

Pinterest Facebook Twitter Email Dariusz Majgier A mold infested room of an old building. By: Sean Mc Evoy Related To: Healthy Home and Home Safety Mold Black Color Maintenance

Mold in homes can be a costly and dangerous problem, particularly when infestations of toxic black mold occur. The symptoms and health effects of black mold exposure and black mold poisoning cover a wide range of health problems, but understanding the indicators can help keep you and your family safe.

Is Your Healthy Home at Risk? 16 Photos A healthy home comes under attack from several dangerous sources. Learn more about these threats and get healthy living tips. Uncover the Threats Toxic black mold, or Stachybotrys chartarum, as it's known to scientists, can release spores as it feeds on organic materials in common household materials like drywall, carpet, insulation or sub-flooring that have been exposed to moisture. These spores, if ingested or inhaled, can cause a range of unpleasant and even dangerous symptoms in humans.

In particularly severe cases of prolonged exposure, black mold health effects can be more dangerous. Often compounded by allergic reaction to the black mold spores, these symptoms can include nausea, vomiting, and bleeding in the lungs and nose. Toxic black mold can be costly to remove, and black mold exposure and black mold poisoning can cause a wide range of health problems, some of them severe.

Understanding black mold symptoms and health effects can help you and your family identify these indicators and take swift action to protect your health and your home. See also: How to Keep Your Home Healthy More about Black Mold Black Mold: What You Should Know How to Remove Black Mold Testing for Black Mold Cleaning Black Mold More About Mold in the Home Control Mold Through Water Management Testing for Black Mold Common Types of Mold in Homes What Is Mold? Mold Control and Prevention Products Black Mold: What You Should Know Mold Inspection Costs How to Prevent Mold Mold Inspection and Detection Cleaning Up Mold Mold-Resistant Drywall Toxic Mold Sickness and Poisoning Healthy Home See All Videos Interior Clean Air 02:52Getting the Lead Out 03:58Green Home Performance01:52Next Up Common Areas for Mold Growth Learn the most common areas for mold in your house, and take steps to safeguard against mold growth.

Black Mold Symptoms and Health Effects

Black Mold Symptoms and Health Effects


apolipoprotein what disease

Normal Function The APOE gene provides instructions for making a protein called apolipoprotein E. This protein combines with fats (lipids) in the body to form molecules called lipoproteins. Lipoproteins are responsible for packaging cholesterol and other fats and carrying them through the bloodstream.

APOE gene

Maintaining normal levels of cholesterol is essential for the prevention of disorders that affect the heart and blood vessels (cardiovascular diseases), including heart attack and stroke. There are at least three slightly different versions (alleles) of the APOE gene. The major alleles are called e2, e3, and e4. The most common allele is e3, which is found in more than half of the general population. Related Information What is DNA? What is a gene? How do genes direct the production of proteins? More about How Genes Work Health Conditions Related to Genetic Changes Chromosomal Location Other Names for This Gene Additional Information & Resources Sources for This Page


what is a socket address

A socket is one endpoint of a two-way communication link between two programs running on the network. A socket is bound to a port number so that the TCP layer can identify the application that data is destined to be sent to. An endpoint is a combination of an IP address and a port number.

What Is a Socket?

Home Page > Custom Networking > All About Sockets« Previous • Trail • Next »The Java Tutorials have been written for JDK 8. Examples and practices described in this page don't take advantage of improvements introduced in later releases. What Is a Socket?

Normally, a server runs on a specific computer and has a socket that is bound to a specific port number. The server just waits, listening to the socket for a client to make a connection request. On the client-side: The client knows the hostname of the machine on which the server is running and the port number on which the server is listening.

To make a connection request, the client tries to rendezvous with the server on the server's machine and port. The client also needs to identify itself to the server so it binds to a local port number that it will use during this connection. This is usually assigned by the system. If everything goes well, the server accepts the connection. Upon acceptance, the server gets a new socket bound to the same local port and also has its remote endpoint set to the address and port of the client. It needs a new socket so that it can continue to listen to the original socket for connection requests while tending to the needs of the connected client. On the client side, if the connection is accepted, a socket is successfully created and the client can use the socket to communicate with the server. The client and server can now communicate by writing to or reading from their sockets. Definition:

Every TCP connection can be uniquely identified by its two endpoints. That way you can have multiple connections between your host and the server. The java.net package in the Java platform provides a class, Socket, that implements one side of a two-way connection between your Java program and another program on the network. The Socket class sits on top of a platform-dependent implementation, hiding the details of any particular system from your Java program. By using the java.net. Socket class instead of relying on native code, your Java programs can communicate over the network in a platform-independent fashion. Additionally, java.net includes the Server Socket class, which implements a socket that servers can use to listen for and accept connections to clients. This lesson shows you how to use the Socket and Server Socket classes. If you are trying to connect to the Web, the URL class and related classes ( URLConnection, URLEncoder) are probably more appropriate than the socket classes. In fact, URLs are a relatively high-level connection to the Web and use sockets as part of the underlying implementation. See Working with URLs for information about connecting to the Web via URLs.« Previous • Trail • Next »


when did modern humans appear on the planet

ity Answers.com ® is making the world better one answer at a time. Hominids with the same anatomy as modern humans first appear in the fossil records about 200,000 years ago. They existed alongside earlier species that became extinct, as well as with the separate Neanderthals, with whom some interbreeding may have occurred.

"Answers.com ® Wiki Answers ® Categories Science History of Science When did modern humans first appear on earth? Flag When did modern humans first appear on earth? Answered by The Wiki Answers ®Commun

5 people found this useful Was this answer useful? Yes Somewhat No3u8rbba98edy2 92,787 Contributions When did humans first appear on earth? According to some geneologists (working from the Bible and using estimates of lifespan) around 6000 years ago. According to some other groups, somewhat before that, usually ag …Mcspanner 5 Contributions When did the first human appear on earth?200,000 years ago the first people according to the bible were Adam and eve lol Jazz Harper 3,851 Contributions Who was the first human being appear on earth?in the bible, in the book of genesis you will find that the first person on earth is Adam Another answer: All of the evidence that has been accumulated suggests that th …When did humans first appear on the Earth? Adam and Eve. Jkm Young 1,217,783 Contributions Who were the first humans to appear on earth? Bible: Adam and Eve. Scientific: Historically, it is hard to tell who the first humans were. It is near impossible to draw the line between Homo Erectus and previous descen …When did modern humans appear on earth? Around 1300 B. C. When did modern humans first appeared?most recent period of the cenozoic European Union 20,087 Contributions On which continent did modern humans first appear? Modern Humans first appeared in Afroeurasia (Africa, Europe, and Asia) and migrated to Australia. WYOU12 40 Contributions When did modern humans appear on earth according to fossil records?about 130,000 years ago. Jazz Harper 3,851 Contributions Who where the first human appeared on earth? All the evidence that has been collected suggests that there was no individual ""first human"". Humans gradually differentiated from their ancestors. The oldest remains of anato …Neodarwinian 16,472 Contributions What did modern humans appear on earth according to fossil records? Some variance here but the spread on the emergence of modrenhumans, Homo sapiens , is from 200,000 to 100,000years ago and in Africa. How did humans first appear to the planet earth?god put them there Answered In Human Origins When did early humans first appear on earth?yesterday Answered In Human Origins Why did dinosaurs appear on earth first and not humans? The quickest and easiest answer is simply ""that's the way God made it. "", but a more logical answer would be it is that way because if people lived before dinosaurs, the people …Hlou14 1 Contribution Answered In Human Origins How long ago did the first anatomically modern humans appear on the Earth? According to human evolution, humans as they are now first appeared on the earth around 250,000 years ago. Answered In Paleontology When did modern humans appear on earth according to fossil records-? According to the fossil records, the modern humans did appear onearth more than 130,000 years ago. Answered In Human Origins In which era did humans first appear on earth? Cenozoic "


confirmation number definition

ack Order Confirmation Number The unique number used to identify a trade order. This number is: Displayed on the Order Confirmation screen after you place an order Printed on the print confirmation Fidelity sends you after an order has executed

"OObligor Municipal conduit bonds are issued by a city, county or other government agency (the conduit) on behalf of another entity (the obligor) which is typically a corporation. An example of this would be a state energy research and development authority issuing bonds to finance the projects of a utility company. The state authority is the issuer but it is the utility company (the obligor) responsible for paying the debt service. Back Obligor Rating The credit rating assigned to the obligor. Back OBV On Balance Volume (OBV) is a momentum indicator that relates volume to price change. On Balance Volume is a running total of volume calculated by adding the day's volume to a cumulative total when the price closes up, and subtracting the day's volume when the security's price closes down. It shows if volume is flowing into or out of a security. When the security closes higher than the previous close, all of the day's volume is considered up volume. When the security closes lower than the previous close, all of the day's volume is considered down volume. Back Odd Lot This refers to a trade order for less than the generally accepted number of units or shares for a security. For bonds, it is an order for less than 100 bonds. For example, a trade order for less than 100 shares of stock is for an odd lot. Back Offering Period A period of time, with a stated beginning and end date, during which payroll deductions are accumulated for the purchase of stock in an employee stock purchase plan. Each offering period may have its own rules for employee eligibility, stock purchase discount, and other terms. Refer to your plan rules for more information. For new issue fixed income securities (e.g., bonds), this is the expected start and end date of the period during which you can place an indication of interest in a new issue offering. Back Offer Price The price at which a security may be purchased. Conversely, bid price is the price at which a security may be sold. Back Offset The distance between the strike prices for a given strategy. Example: 50 strike - 55 strike Offset = $550 strike - 60 strike Offset = $10 Back144A A 144A fixed income security is a private placement bond typically available only to qualified institutional investors. Back144 (k) Securities have this restriction if the securities are restricted, but the stock owner is not an affiliate of the company and the securities were acquired from the company or affiliate of the company more than two years ago. You can sell this type of stock without having to satisfy most of the requirements of Rule 144. Back1 Yr. % The percent gain or loss that the portfolio has achieved over the previous one-year period. Refer to the ""as of"" date to determine the exact period. Back On the Close A time-in-force restriction that can be placed on the execution of an order. This restriction requires that the order is executed as close as possible to the closing price for a security. All or any part of the order that cannot be executed at the closing price is canceled. Back On the Open A time-in-force restriction that can be placed on an order. This restriction requires that the order is executed as close as possible to the opening price for a security. All or part of the order can be executed. Any part of the order that cannot be executed at the opening price is canceled. Back One Cancels the Other (OCO) A one cancels the other order is an order whose execution results in the immediate cancellation of an order linked to it. Cancellation of the linked order happens on a best efforts basis. In a one cancels the other order, both orders may be live in the marketplace at the same time. The execution of either order triggers an attempt to cancel the unexecuted order. Partial executions will also trigger an attempt to cancel the other order. Back100-Day Moving Average The average closing price of the stock ove rthe last 100 trading days. Moving averages can be used to guage the direction of price movement in a stock. Back One Triggers the Other (OTO) A one triggers the other orders involves two orders—a primary order and a secondary order. The primary order may be a live order at the marketplace. The secondary order, held in a separate order file, is not. If the primary order executes in full, the secondary order is released to the marketplace and becomes live. An OTO order can be made up of stock orders, option orders, or a combination of both. Back Open Interest The total number of outstanding option contracts for this security, that is the number of option contracts that have not been exercised, closed out, or allowed to expire. Back Open Order An order status indicating that an order has been placed and that no part of that order has been executed. Back Open Price The price of the security at the start of the current trading day. Back Operating Margin, TTM (%) This value measures the percent of revenues remaining after paying all operating expenses. It is calculated as the trailing 12 months (TTM) operating income divided by the trailing 12 months total revenue multiplied by 100. Back Option An option is a right to buy or sell shares at a guaranteed price for a specific period of time. With a call option, the buyer has the right to buy shares of the underlying security at a specific price for a specified time period. With a put option, the buyer has the right to sell shares of the underlying security at a specified price for a specified period of time. Back Option Adjusted Convexity Option Adjusted Convexity is the change in price of the bond not explained by option-adjusted duration. It is a measure of the curvature of the price-yield relationship of a bond after adjusting for any embedded options. The calculations are based on the Black-Karasinski model (an option valuation model in which the interest rate term structure is lognormal), for which the key assumptions are: Volatility: Municipal Bonds: 8.00; Corporate/Agency Bonds: 14.00Mean Reversion for all bond types: 0.00The calculations use the current offered price as the price input versus the previous day's closing yield curve. Back Option Adjusted Duration Bond prices typically move in the opposite direction to changes in interest rates. If interest rates rise, bond prices usually fall (and vice versa). Duration is a measure that helps approximate the degree of price sensitivity of a bond to changes in interest rates. Although stated in years, duration is often explained as an estimate of the percentage price change of a bond in response to a one percent change in interest rates. Bonds with higher duration have greater sensitivity to changes in interest rates and will generally experience a more significant drop in value as interest rates rise. For bonds with embedded options (for example callable or puttable bonds), the duration measure must be adjusted to account for the fact that the bond's embedded options may change the expected cash flows of the bond. For example, if a bond is called, interest payments cease and principal is returned earlier than the bond's maturity. The option-adjusted measure of duration is referred to as Option Adjusted Duration (OAD). Back Option Adjusted Spread A bond's yield is typically comprised of two components: 1) the yield on a similar benchmark security (typically Treasury securities) and 2) a premium above the yield on a similar benchmark security which seeks to compensate an investor for the credit risk associated with a particular bond. This premium is referred to as yield spread or simply ""spread."" For bonds with embedded options (for example callable or puttable bonds), the spread measure must be adjusted to account for the fact that the bond's embedded options may change the expected cash flows of the bond. For example, if a bond is called, interest payments cease and principal is returned earlier than the bond's maturity. The option-adjusted measure is referred to as Option Adjusted Spread (OAS). Back Option Adjusted Yield Option Adjusted Yield is calculated by adding/ (subtracting) the value of a call option/ (put option) to the bond's market price to obtain the price of an otherwise equivalent but option-free bond. The yield that equates this new higher/ (lower) price to the bond's cash flows to maturity is the Option Adjusted Yield. Back Option Agreement An agreement between you and Fidelity that details the option trading rules for your brokerage account. Back Option Commission Schedule Trades placed via Fidelity.com, Fidelity Anywhere, or Fidelity Active Trader Pro - $7.95 plus $.75 per contract Trades placed via Fidelity Automated Service Telephone (FAST ®) - $12.95 plus $.75 per contract Trades placed via a Fidelity representative $32.95 plus $.75 per contract Buy to close trades: Regular online stock rates apply when the contract price is $0.65 or less, or regular option rates apply when the contract price exceeds $0.65. Stock Call/Put Option Assignments: Online stock rates apply. *Index Option Assignments: Online stock rates apply. Option Exercises: Online stock rates apply. Commissions and related charges are subject to change without notice. Back Optionee Anyone who has been granted stock options and still holds them. Back Option Grant Refer to Grant. Back Option Level One of five levels of option trading that define the types of option trades you can place if you have an Option Agreement on file with Fidelity. The option trades allowed for each of the five option trading levels: Level 1: covered call writing of equity options Level 2: level 1 + purchases of calls and puts (equity, index and interest rate index), writing of cash covered puts, and purchases of straddles/combinations (equity, index and interest rate index). Note that customers who are approved to trade option spreads in retirement accounts are considered approved for level 2. Level 3: levels 1, 2, + equity spreads, covered put writing. Level 4: levels 1, 2, 3 + uncovered (naked) writing of equity options and uncovered writing of straddles/combinations on equities Level 5: levels 1, 2, 3, 4 + uncovered writing of index options, uncovered writing of straddles/combinations on indexes, and index spreads Back Option Positions Margin requirements are related to single- or multi-leg option positions. Market Value is the sum of all option positions. Back Option Pricing Model An option model is used to assess an option's price. The first model of this type was the Black-Scholes model, developed in 1973. As options trading has grown, various refinements to the Black-Scholes model have been introduced. Nevertheless, most models still incorporate the following factors into their pricing assumptions: underlying security price, strike price, time until expiration, dividends to be paid, interest rates, and volatility of the stock. Back Options A contract that grants the buyer the right, but not the obligation, to buy or sell a specific number of shares of a security at a specified price by a specified date. The writer of the contract has the obligation to sell or buy a specific number of shares of the security at the specified price if the contract holder chooses to exercise the contract. The buyer is said to have a long position, and the writer is said to have a short position. Back Options Canceled The number of stock options that have been canceled because the options were not exercised prior to the expiration date, or because you no longer work for the employer who issued them. Back Options Date The date on which an options issuer (e.g., your company) awarded you options. Back Options Exercisable This refers to the total number of stock options across all of your stock option grants for which you have the right of ownership and that are eligible for exercise. On the Stock Option Summary screen, the total exercisable options across all of your stock option grants and per grant display. Back Options Exercised For a stock option grant, the number of stock options through an exercise and sell or an exercise and hold order. Back Options Granted The number of stock options an issuer (e.g., your company) has awarded to you. Options give you the right to purchase a specific number of shares of the underlying stock at a specific price for a specified period of time. Back Options ID The unique number that identifies a particular option. Back Options in the Money Options that have intrinsic value. A call option is considered “in the money” if the price of the underlying security is higher than the striking price of the call. A put option is considered “in the money” if the price of the security is lower than the striking price. Back Options Outstanding The number of options, including vested options and unvested stock options, that you hold. This is the number of options you were granted less the number of options previously exercised and less any that may have been canceled. Back Options Price This field displays the total cost of the option. Back Option Strategy Consists solely of either calls or puts, or a combination of both, to take advantage of a specific market forecast. Back Option Value Refer to Option Positions. Back Order An action, executed in a market on your behalf by Fidelity, to buy or sell shares of a security. See Orders for more information. Back Order Book Quote Expanded quote information available only during Extended Hours trading sessions. Order Book quotes include the current ten best bid and ten best ask ECN Extended Hours orders for a specified security, available for matching from one or more ECNs. The order information is automatically updated every two seconds throughout Extended Hours trading. In addition to the best current bid and ask orders, Order Book quotes also supply the following information: Change from day close Last Tick Volume for the associated Standard Session B

Back Order Date The date an order was placed. Back Order Description This is a field that displays in mutual fund order details. This field displays information stating that the order is an Electronic Funds Transfer request. This field does not display for other types of mutual fund orders. For bond ladders, this refers to the name of your bond ladder. For basket trades, this refers to the name of your basket. Back Order Information The details for a trade order. This information displays on various screens (e.g., order confirmation). Back Order Number The unique number Fidelity assigned to identify an order. This number displays on the confirmation screen you receive when you place an order online. Back Orders Pending The list of account trade orders or annuity exchange orders that have been received by Fidelity, but have not yet executed. The order list displays on the Orders screen. Back Order Time The time when Fidelity received an order. Back Order Type (Multi-leg) On the multi-leg option trading ticket, the amount you expect to pay or the amount you expect to receive from your multi-leg option trade. On the multi-leg option trading ticket, Order Type selections include: Even. Select even if your option leg buy and sell prices are the same, so that the order executes at a net zero amount. Leave the Net Amount field blank if you select Even. Net Debit. Select Net Debit to specify order execution when the price to sell your option leg (or legs) is lower than the price to buy your option leg ( or legs), so you receive a debit after the trade executes. In the Net Amount field, specify the maximum difference between the buy and sell prices—the difference at which your trade will execute. For example, if you select Net Debit and enter a Net Amount of $5, the trade will execute when the price to sell your options is $5 dollars less than the price to buy your options. Net Credit. Select Net Credit to specify order execution when the price to buy your option leg (or legs) is lower than the price to sell your option leg (or legs), so you receive a credit after the trade executes. In the Net Amount field, specify the difference between the buy and sell prices—the difference at which your trade will execute. For example, if you select Net Credit and enter a Net Amount of $5, the trade will execute when the price to buy your options is $5 dollars less than the price to sell your options. Back Order Type (Order Price Type) A price restriction placed on the execution of an order. Not all order types are valid with all types of orders. Order types include: Market Limit Stop Limit Stop Loss Trailing Stop Limit Trailing Stop Loss For orders placed during the Premarket and After Hours sessions, the order type is set to Limit. Limit is the only valid order type for orders placed during these sessions. Back Ordinary Dividends Distributions paid to you or credited to your account from earnings of a corporation or mutual fund. Ordinary dividends may be paid in cash or reinvested in additional shares. Ordinary dividends, which include any net short-term capital gains from a mutual fund, are fully taxable. Back Ordinary Income/Loss from Dispositions of Contingent Debt Instruments Under IRS regulations, gain (if any) on disposition of a contingent payment debt instrument is usually treated as ordinary income. Any loss, to the extent that the loss is less than or equal to previously earned interest, is usually treated as an ordinary loss. Any loss greater than previously earned interest is usually treated as a capital loss. Back Original Call Amount The original amount of cash or securities with a market value of a specific amount that you had to deposit into your account to cover a margin or day trade call. Back Original Issue Amount The amount or quantity offered to the public at the time of original issuance. Back Original Issue Discount (OID) The difference between the stated redemption price at maturity (if greater than one year) and the issue price of a fixed income security attributable to the selected tax year. There are three values that can display in the Bond Details page of a bond CUSIP: N/A: the bond is not subject to OIDL: The bond is subject to Long-Term OID as determined through the prospectus at time of issuance S: The bond is subject to Short-Term OID as determined through the prospectus at time of issuance NOTE: Tax reporting of OID obligations is complex. If acquisition or bond premium is paid during the purchase, or if the obligation is a stripped bond or stripped coupon, the investor must compute the proper amount of OID. Refer to IRS Publication 1212, List of Original Issue Discount Instruments, to calculate the correct OID. Back Original Issue Discount on U. S. Treasury Obligations The amount of original issue discount on U. S. Treasury obligation for the part of the year you owned it. This amount is exempt from state and local income taxes. Back Original Issue Size The US Dollar value of the total issue at time of launch. Back Original Lot Quantity When updating cost basis, Original Lot Quantity is the number of shares in the selected lot for which cost basis information can be supplied. Original Lot Quantity remains constant as you enter the new basis information. for example, if the original lot quantity for which you are supplying cost basis is 200, when you supply basis for 50 shares, the following happens: Original Lot Quantity = 200Quantity Provided = 50Quantity Remaining = 150When you supply basis for the next 75 shares, the following happens: Original Lot Quantity = 200Quantity Provided = 125Quantity Remaining = 75Back Original Payment Rate The Yield to Maturity at issuance for Municipal bonds. Back Original Purchase Price This is the dollars per unit for a security when it was purchased or acquired. For short positions, this is the dollar per shares received when the short position was opened. The gain or loss information calculated by Fidelity will be based on the tax lot information as determined by Fidelity Investments, if applicable, not the basis information you provide. Back Other As used on the Graphical View and Holdings Detail analysis screens for your portfolio or one or more selected accounts, Other includes your investment in derivative securities, stock options, and real estate investment trusts (REITs) in some of your investments. Please note that 529 Plan College Investment Trust accounts are classified as Other for portfolio and account analysis. Back Other Income/Credit Adjustments Amounts reported as Other Income/Credit Adjustments are items of miscellaneous income not otherwise reportable in one of the other line-item categories. These amounts may include, but are not limited to, credit adjustments related to substitute payments received in lieu of qualified dividends, goodwill adjustments credited to your account, and promotional and/or incentive payments (in the form of cash or other goods and services) credited to your account or otherwise paid or conveyed to you in connection with a marketing campaign or a marketing event. Back Other Money Market All Fidelity Money Market Funds, other than Core Money Market, held as positions in the account. Back Outflow The value of cash and shares flowing out of the core position of your Fidelity Retirement Income Account. It is based only on settled trades. Flows out for security purchase are not counted. This value is calculated after market close of the prior business day. Back Outstanding Issue Size The current par value of the issue outstanding, measured in US Dollars. Back Over-the-counter (OTC)A dealer network which makes markets in both fixed income and equity securities and sets fair and orderly prices. Back "


what was the reason for the snake war

The Snake War has been widely forgotten in United States history. One reason was that the Paiute and Western Shoshone did not have notable reputations as warriors, unlike the Apache. Few reporters covered the war, and Joe Wasson was one of the first. More significantly, much of the nation was concentrating on the American Civil War and its aftermath.

Snake War

"Snake War Part of the American Indian Wars Date 1864 to 1868Location Oregon, Nevada, California, Idaho Result United States victory Belligerents United States Paiute Bannock Shoshone Commanders and leaders Benjamin Alvord Reuben F. Maury George B. Currey Frederick Steele Louis H. Marshall George Crook Wewawewa Howluck Po-li-ni Paunia Egan Paulina Oytes Winnemucca Ocheho Strength1864-651st Oregon Cavalry1st Nevada Cavalry1864-671st Oregon Infantry1866-68U. S. 14th Infantry Regiment U. S. 1st Cavalry Regiment8th Cavalry Regiment Unknown Casualties and losses Total casualties: ~1762vte Snake War Mud Lake Table Mountain Three Forks Owyhee River Steen's Mountain Infernal Caverns Castle Rock The Snake War (1864–1868) was a war fought by the United States of America against the ""Snake Indians"", the settlers' term for Northern Paiute, Bannock and Western Shoshone bands who lived along the Snake River. Fighting took place in the states of Oregon, Nevada, and California, and in Idaho Territory. Total casualties from both sides of the conflict numbered 1,762 dead, wounded, or captured. Contents [ show]Background Edit The conflict was a result of increasing tension over several years between the Native tribes and the white settlers who were encroaching on their lands, and competing for game and water. Explorers' passing through had minimal effect. In October 1851, Shoshone Indians killed eight men in Fort Hall Idaho. From the time of the Clark Massacre, in 1851 the regional Native Americans, commonly called the ""Snakes"" by the white settlers, [1] harassed and sometimes attacked emigrant parties crossing the Snake River Valley. European-American settlers retaliated by attacking Native American villages. In September 1852, Ben Wright and a group of miners responded to an Indian attack by attacking the Modoc village near Black Bluff in Oregon, killing about 41 Modoc. Similar attacks and retaliations took place in the years leading up to the Snake War. In August 1854, Native attacks on several pioneer trains along the Snake River culminated in the Ward Massacre on August 20, 1854, in which American Indians killed 21 people. The following year, the US Army mounted the punitive Winnas Expedition. From 1858 at the end of the Spokane-Coeur d'Alene-Paloos War, the US Army protected the migration to Oregon by sending out escorts each spring. Natives continued to attack migrant trains, especially stragglers such as the Myers party, killed in the Salmon Falls Massacre of September 13, 1860. As Federal troops withdrew in 1861 to return east for engagements of the American Civil War, California Volunteers provided protection to the emigrants. Later the Volunteer Regiment of Washington and the 1st Oregon Cavalry replaced Army escorts on the emigrant trails. As settlers' searching for gold started to move west, they competed more for resources with the Native Americans. They lived on the land longer and consumed more game and water. Many isolated occurrences resulted in violence, with the result that both sides were taking to arms. The influx of miners into the Nez Perce reservation during the Clearwater Gold Rush raised tensions among all the tribes. The Nez Perce were divided when some chiefs agreed to a new treaty that permitted the intrusion. As miners developed new locations near Boise in 1862 and in the Owyhee Canyonlands in 1863, an influx of white settlers descended on the area. Western Shoshone, Paiute and other local Indians resisted the encroachment, fighting what was called the Snake War from 1864 to 1868. About the war Edit The Snake War was not defined by one large battle but was a series of guerrilla skirmishes by the Indians, and American patrols from many small camps, taking place across California, Utah, Nevada, Oregon, and Idaho. Unlike other Indian Wars, the Snake War lacked notable leaders on either side. Probably the most well-known Indian leader was Chief Paulina [2] and the most well-known U. S. Army commander in the Snake War may have been George Crook. He later led operations in the Apache Wars. He also played a significant role for the Union in the Civil War. Many of the U. S. troops fighting in the beginning of the war were volunteer regiments from the states of Oregon and California. The regular US Army called the period of their involvement in the Snake War, the Campaign against Indians, Oregon, Idaho, and California (1865–1868) . Conclusion Edit The Snake War wound down after peace talks between George Crook and Snake chief Weahwewa had taken place.

Despite its being overlooked, the Snake War was statistically the deadliest of the Indian Wars in the West in terms of casualties. By the end, a total of 1,762 men were known to have been killed, wounded, and captured on both sides. By comparison, the Battle of the Little Bighorn produced about 847 casualties. [3]Snake War posts, California, Idaho, Nevada, Oregon, Edit Fort Dalles, Oregon, (1850–1867)Fort Churchill, Nevada 1860–1869Camp Nye, Nevada (1861–1865) [4]Fort Ruby, Nevada (1862–1869)Camp Smoke Creek, Nevada, (1862–1864) [5]Camp Dun Glen, Nevada (1863, 1865–1866) [6]Fort Trinity, Nevada, 1863 - 1864 [7]Fort Klamath, Oregon, (1863–1890)Fort Boise, Boise, Idaho, (1863–1879), [8]Camp Susan, Susanville, California 1864 [9]Post at Friday's Station, 1864 [10]Camp Bidwell, California (1865–1879) (Later Fort Bidwell)Antelope Station, Nevada, 1864 [11]Camp Alvord, Oregon (1864–1866) [12]Camp Dalgren, Oregon (1864) [13]Camp Henderson, Oregon, 1864-1866 [14]Camp Lincoln, Oregon 1864 [15]Camp Maury, Oregon 1864 [16]Camp Russell, Oregon 1864-1865 [17]Camp Watson, Oregon 1864-1869Samuel Smith's Camp, Idaho (1864), near the mouth of the Raft River. Quinn River Camp, Nevada 1865Fort Mc Dermitt, Nevada 1865–1889Fort Mc Grary, Nevada 1865–1868Camp Mc Kee, Nevada 1865–1866 [18]Camp Overend, Nevada, 1865 [19]Camp Reed, Idaho (1865–1866), near Twin Falls on old Kelton Road near its crossing of Rock Creek . Camp Wallace or Cantonment Soldier, Idaho (1865), located on the Big Camas Prairie near Fairfield, Idaho . Camp Lyon, Idaho, (1865–1869), near Jordan Valley, Oregon on Jordan Creek within one mile of the state line. [20] [21]Camp Colfax, Oregon, 1865, 1867 [22]Camp Currey, Oregon 1865-1866 [23]Camp Logan, Oregon (1865–1868) [24]Camp Polk, Oregon (1865–1866) [25]Camp on Silvies River, Oregon (1864?) [26]Camp Wright, Oregon (1865–1866) [27]Camp Buford, Idaho, (1866) [28]Old Camp Warner, Oregon (1866–1867) [29]Camp Warner, Oregon (1867–1874) [30]Camp Winthrop, September 26, 1866 - April, 1867Camp Three Forks, April, 1867-October 23, 1871 [31]References Edit↑ Hubert Howe Bancroft, History of Oregon, Volume II, 1848-1888, The History Company, San Francisco, 1888, p.462 note 4.↑ ""Settlment: Hostiles Erupt."" National Park Service: John Day Fossil Beds. 25 April 2002 (retrieved from web.archive.org 7 August 2011)↑ Michno, Gregory, The Deadliest Indian War in the West: The Snake Conflict, 1864-1868. Caldwell: Caxton Press, 2007. pp 345-346↑ Near Carson City, A depot for California Volunteers and after 1864 Nevada Volunteers. Located in the Washoe Valley five miles north of Carson City.↑ Near Robbers Roost, Nevada A temporary Army post that was intermittently occupied. Located near the Smoke Creek Depot (or Smoke Creek Station) on the Honey Lake stage route. The site is not shown on most maps, but it was located five miles from the state line west of Smoke Creek Desert and north of the Pyramid Lake Indian Reservation.↑ This camp was established at the request of the citizens of Dun Glen to protect them from attacks of the Snake Indians.↑ Eightmile, Nevada Located at the Goshute Indian Reservation between Tippett and the state line. Originally called Eight Mile Station, it was frequently occupied by troops from Fort Ruby.↑ IDAHO STATE HISTORICAL SOCIETY, REFERENCE SERIES, FORT BOISE - (United States Army), Number 356, August 2, 1965↑ The California State Military Museum, Historic California Posts: Camp Susan↑ The California State Military Museum, Historic California Posts: Post at Friday's Station↑ At Little Antelope Mountain, it was an important stage station located about 40 miles west of Ely, Nevada in operation during the 1860s and 1870s. Garrisoned by California Volunteers in 1864.↑ Carey, History of Oregon, pg. 671. On Horse Creek in the Alvord Valley, east of the Steen Mountain Range↑ Carey, History of Oregon, pg. 671 Located slightly east of Camps Maury and Polk.↑ Carey, History of Oregon, pg. 671. This camp, named for Oregon's representative in Congress at that time, was established early in 1864, near the mouth of Jordan Creek, 330 miles from Walla Walla, and was the center of operations in Southeastern Oregon for some time afterward.↑ Carey, History of Oregon, pg. 671 Near Canyon City, on the headwaters of John Day River.↑ Carey, History of Oregon, pg. 671. On the Deschutes River near the mouth of Crooked River.↑ A Civil War training camp once located in Salem, Oregon, at the state fairgrounds, present-day 17th Street and Silverton Road.↑ Near Gerlach, Nevada. Originally called Detachment at Granite Creek, the Army occupied the Granite Creek Station after Indians burned it and killed its employees. Located north of town and east of Granite Mountain.↑ A temporary Army post near Golconda, Nevada that lasted only a few days. It was located south of Golconda at Summit Springs.↑ Carey, History of Oregon, pg. 671 In the Jordan Valley, east of the Owyhee River.↑ IDAHO STATE HISTORICAL SOCIETY REFERENCE SERIES, CAMP LYON, Number 357 July 16, 1965↑ Carey, History of Oregon, pg. 671. At the Willow Creek crossing of the Canyon City - Boise Road, south of Baker City.↑ Carey, History of Oregon, pg. 671. On Silver Creek.↑ Carey, History of Oregon, pg. 671 East of Canyon City, on the road to Colfax.↑ Carey, History of Oregon, pg. 671. On the Deschutes River near the mouth of Crooked River.↑ Carey, History of Oregon, pg. 674. Located on the on Silvies River, north of Malheur Lake.↑ Carey, History of Oregon, pg. 671. North of Harney Lake. A temporary state militia encampment on the Silvies River, possibly to the south of Burns, Oregon. Originally Adobe Camp (1865), a 25-yard square sod-walled post, was located here before being replaced after only two weeks.↑ IDAHO STATE HISTORICAL SOCIETY, REFERENCE SERIES, Number 63, IDAHO MILITARY POSTS AND CAMPS, May 1971↑ Carey, History of Oregon, pg. 671. Located east of Warner Lakes. A Federal camp originally located 20 miles east of Warner (Hart) Lake. It was moved in 1867↑ Carey, History of Oregon, pg. 671. Located west of Warner Lakes.↑ IDAHO STATE HISTORICAL SOCIETY REFERENCE SERIES, CAMP THREE FORKS, Number 358, July 12, 1965Sources Edit The Snake War, 1864-1868, Idaho State Historical Society Reference Series #236, 1966Hubert Howe Bancroft, Mrs. Frances Auretta Fuller Barrett Victor, HISTORY OF OREGON, Vol. II. 1848-1888, The History Company, San Francisco, 1888, Chapters XX MILITARY ORGANIZATION AND OPERATIONS 1861-1865 and XXI THE SHOSHONE WARS 1866-1868, pp. 488–654Michno, Gregory, The Deadliest Indian War in the West: The Snake Conflict, 1864-1868. Caldwell: Caxton Press, 2007. Wooster, Robert, The Military and United States Indian Policy 1865-1903, New Haven: Yale University Press, 1988. Hook, Jason, and Martin Pegler, To Live and Die in the West: The American Indian Wars, Chicago: Fitzroy Dearborn Publishers, 2001. This page uses Creative Commons Licensed content from Wikipedia ( view authors) . Categories: Articles incorporating text from Wikipedia 1860s conflicts Wars between the United States and Native Americans Wars involving the indigenous peoples of North America in California Indian wars of the American Old West History of California Pre-statehood history of Idaho Idaho in the American Civil War History of Oregon Oregon in the American Civil War History of Nevada Nevada in the American Civil War Paiute Shoshone Bannock Native American history of Idaho Native American history of Oregon Native American history of Nevada Wars fought in California Pacific Coast Theater of the American Civil War 1860s in the United States Military history of California Add category "


women benefits from taking dim

“Lower your risk of cancer, help lose weight and build muscle – all remarkable benefits of a simple food supplement called DIM. For men or women, DIM is something to consider as part of an overall supplement program. DIM, or diindolylmethane, is a plant based compound found in cruciferous vegetables, such as brussel sprouts,cabbage, broccoli and cauliflower.

A Super-supplement for Hormone Balance: DIMAug 6, 2013 | Hormones, Supplements, Weight Lossby Sue Hughes, MSEd, HHP, CNCWhat is DIM? DIM (diindolylmethane), is a food-based compound found in cruciferous vegetables like broccoli, cabbage, cauliflower and Brussel’s sprouts. Studies have shown that it has the ability to reduce the risk of certain cancers, especially those influenced by excessive estrogen levels, such as breast, uterine and prostate. DIM can also stimulate fat breakdown and encourage an increase in muscle mass. I can attest, through my own personal experience supplementing with DIM as well as that of quite a few clients (both male and female), that DIM effectively modulates estrogen metabolism – helping to do away with uncomfortable symptoms of PMS, perimenopause and prostate issues. So using DIM for hormone balance can be very effective. The following excerpt comes from Dr. Scott Rollins, MD, founder and Medical Director at the Integrative Medicine Center of Western Colorado ( http://imcwc.com/news/index.php?id=3271124400587032289 ). This is a very well-written and comprehensive account of the effects of DIM and how to best use this supplement to make the most out of its incredible benefits:

DIM has been shown in studies to reduce the risk of certain cancers, especially those driven by abnormally high estrogen levels, such as breast, uterus and prostate canc

er. DIM can also stimulate the breakdown of fat while encouraging muscle development. DIM for Hormone Balance and Estrogen Overload Estrogen hormones are naturally found in men and women and have many benefits such as preserving artery health and brain function while fighting oxidative free radical damage. Higher estrogen levels found in women cause the female body shape with breast and hip development.

Many women are estrogen dominant however, meaning they have too much estrogen accumulating in the body for the complementary progesterone to balance. Natural estrogen dominance occurs as women near menopause, starting even ten years prior to menopause, where they often don’t make as much progesterone to balance their estrogen. Symptoms such breast pain, water retention, heavy painful menstrual cycles, or irritable anxious moods are typical bothersome symptoms. Estrogen’s over-stimulation of breasts and uterus tissue can lead to breast cysts or adenomas and uterine growths – both unpleasant and potentially dangerous physical outcomes are too often accompanied by worrisome mammograms and hysterectomies. Some women have estrogen dominance throughout their life for various reasons, such as low thyroid, high cortisol, exposure to environmental estrogen-like chemicals, or impaired detoxification pathways for estrogen. Men often suffer from estrogen overload as well. With normal aging our testosterone levels drop as the conversion to estrogen increases, leading to a falling ratio of testosterone to estrogen. Higher estrogen levels in men lead to weight gain, loss of muscle mass, feminization of the body, further decreases in already falling testosterone levels, and increase the risk of diseases such as heart disease and prostate cancer. The enzyme that normally converts testosterone to estrogen is most abundant in fat, so as men put on weight the cycle of falling testosterone and rising estrogen simply picks up steam!How does DIM work? There are two main pathways in the liver for our estrogen to be normally metabolized and excreted. One pathway leads to very good metabolites called 2-hydroxy estrogens. The other pathway leads to bad metabolites called 4 or 16-hydroxy estrogens. DIM stimulates the favorable 2-hydroxy pathway for estrogen metabolism and this is how DIM works to improve our health. DIM is not a hormone, nor is it a hormone replacement. It is a plant compound that will improve our hormone balance. By improving the metabolism of our natural estrogens DIM will help lower high levels of estrogen in the body. This alone can help remedy estrogen dominant conditions and restore a healthy estrogen/testosterone ratio in men and women. The favorable 2-hydroxy metabolites promoted by DIM are potent anti-oxidants and help prevent muscle breakdown after exercise, as evidenced by female athletes having less muscle tissue breakdown after intense exercise than men. By reducing the estrogen dominance and also reducing the accumulation of cancer-promoting 4/16-hydroxy metabolites DIM can help lower the risk of cancer. The 2-hydroxy metabolites help increase the active testosterone levels in men and women by displacing inactive protein-bound testosterone to its active “free” portion. This leads to significant improvements in the ability to build muscle and enjoy the benefits of testosterone including better mood, increased stamina, endurance, sex drive and erectile function. The accumulation of fat around the belly, hips and buttocks is partly due to excess estrogen levels combined with falling testosterone levels. DIM will help lower excess estrogen and promote the fat-burning 2-hydroxy metabolites. This can help you achieve a leaner body with less body fat. How to supplement with DIMHow do you supplement DIM and how much should you take? First of all, only the “micro-encapsulated” forms of DIM are well absorbed. For women, doses of 100-200mg daily are typical, and after menopause, whether taking hormone replacement therapy or not, doses of 50-100mg daily will improve estrogen metabolism. For men, doses of 200-400mg daily are sufficient during intense exercise or weight loss efforts. For general healthy aging a dose of 100-200mg daily is sufficient. Doses as much as a thousand times higher have been shown to be safe in animal studies and there has never been a reported complication with DIM usage in humans. How do you know if DIM is working? Aside from the improved clinical circumstance we often measure the good and bad estrogen metabolites with a simple blood test. We routinely observe increases in the good 2-hydroxy metabolites with the use of DIM. As an aside, correction of low thyroid conditions also improves estrogen metabolism. I recommend DIM instead of its precursor compound known as I3C or indole-3-carbinol. Two I3C molecules combine in the body to make DIM. But I3C is variable in its absorption, reacts with other supplements such as vitamin C, and can convert to unhealthy compounds. As much as 10 times amount of I3C is needed to get levels comparable with straight DIM supplementation. I start many women on DIM in their early 40s when there are signs of falling progesterone levels early in the perimenopause. For many this alone can help the estrogen dominance while also increasing a low testosterone level. Sometimes we add progesterone to further balance the estrogen. We also routinely add the health-promoting adrenal hormone known as DHEA during this time which helps with weight loss, strength, sex drive and more. We strategically combine DIM with other supplements to help with athletic conditioning or with overall healthy detoxification. During weight-loss or athletic training we might add creatine and a higher-protein diet, combined with targeted workout and recovery drinks that maximize insulin and muscle building. My favorite DIM supplement also contains curcumin, green tea and wasabia for a broad detoxification effect. DIM can be used at any age as part of a weight-loss or strength training program. DIM promotes healthy hormone balance that can help you achieve peak exercise efficiency and healthy aging. Hormone balance can help you stay healthy, resist aging and get the most from your exercise or weight-loss efforts. The bottom line. So there you have it. You can’t go wrong adding this supplement to your current regimen, especially if you tend toward estrogen dominance which most of us do as we approach menopause. As far as what specific DIM supplement to take, I recommend (and personally use) Douglas Laboratories DIM Enhanced (I believe this is the same one recommended above by Dr. Rollins, although he doesn’t mention the specific manufacturer). View the DOUGLAS LABS DIM ENHANCED DATA SHEET It contains 125 mg of DIM per capsule along with a host of other ingredients supportive of breast health and hormone metabolism, including my other favorite, curcumin. You can purchase DIM from my own online dispensary (see below). Schedule a Free 30-Minute Hormone Balance Strategy Call Now If you're struggling with weight, fatigue, emotional highs and lows, or any other discomfort of imbalanced hormones, let's talk. SCHEDULE A CALLGet DIM through Sue's Online Supplement Store If you feel like you could benefit from DIM, try the one that I use – DIM Enhanced by Douglas Laboratories. Simply click below to enter my Full Script Dispensary to purchase DIM. Provide your name, email and a password then search “Douglas Labs DIM Enhanced” , select quantity & payment. Your item will be shipped out within 24 hours! *US shipments only PURCHASE NOWAbout Latest Posts Connect!Susan Hughes Sue is a Certified Nutritional Consultant and holds a Master's Degree in Psychological Counseling. She specializes in individualized natural healing support for cancer and hormone imbalance. Sue believes that the body has an incredible capacity to heal and balance when provided with the necessary tools. Her programs are unique in that they address the root cause of disease and imbalance from both the physical and emotional standpoint. You might also like these: Hormone Imbalance and Weight Gain: The Real Story Toxins and hormone imbalance: are they related? What a Hair Test Can Tell You About Your Hormones The easiest way possible to get more energy and help your hormones. Never underestimate the power of water!Share 1.1K Tweet +1 3 Pin 430 Share 1Tags: Cancer estrogen estrogen dominance menopause perimenopause prostate


define mib

MIBMIB Overview MIB is a file that contains definitions of management information so that networked systems can be remotely monitored, configured, and controlled. The rules for writing a MIB is defined in a collection of documents called the Structure of Management Information (SMI).

Defining a MIB

Defining a

Defining a MIB is the first step toward development of an SNMP Agent. The steps involved in developing a MIB file are Data Identification: Identify the data that need to be made available to an SNMP Manager and lay out the data in the form of scalar objects or tables. Data Definition (MIB Building): Construct ASN.1 MIB definitions for the objects using the MIB Editor tool in Web NMS Agent Toolkit. The wizard interface of Agent Toolkit hides the unimportant details of the MIB syntax rules, clauses, etc. so that the MIB designer can concentrate on other important things. The MIB Editor has an easy-to-use wizard interface through which various constructs conforming to SMIV1 and V2 specifications and ASN.1 rules can be created. To be more familiar with MIBs, please refer to SNMP Overview (SNMP Basics) in the Technologies Used section. Creating a New MIBMIB Editor tool is used for creating a v1 MIB module and v2 MIB module. MIB creation does not stop with this. You can add Scalars, Tables, Imports, and various constructs conforming to SMI standards to make it a complete MIB. Refer to the MIB Editor section for more information. Copyright © 2012, ZOHO Corp. All Rights Reserved.


honolulu chinese new year celebration

Honolulu, Hawaii – Chinese Lunar New Year Celebrations Chinese New Year is a lunar calendar, which means it falls between mid-January and mid-February. Chinese New Year is just not celebrated in China, but is also celebrated in other parts of the world, especially where there is a large Chinese Community. In 2018, Chinese New Year will be celebrated on Friday, February 16, 2018.

Honolulu, Hawaii â Chinese Lunar New Year Celebrations

August 5, 2017 by admin

One of the most popular beach is the U. S. state of Hawaii in which Honolulu is the state capital and the most populous city and is situated on the island of Oahu, it is known worldwide as a major tourist destination; Honolulu is the main and major gateway to Hawaii and U. S. A. Honolulu is famously being host to a diverse variety of east-west and Pacific culture, cuisine, and traditions. The various Honolulu Chinatown celebrations usually span a few weeks, chances of finding Chinese culture related Hawaii activities during your vacation to Hawaii are fairly good. Chinese New Year Festival is usually held on two weekends, Friday and Saturday from approximately 10am to 10pm at the Chinatown Cultural Plaza Center and it features food vendors, craft booths, and entertainment with parades, dance shows, lots of music and last but not the least the beautiful fire work display which is a real blast to experience. Share Tweet +1 Pin Share Commentscomments Posted in Chinese New Year