what navy installation support camp david

It is officially known as the Naval Support Facility Thurmont, because it is technically a military installation, and staffing is primarily provided by the United States Navy and the United States Marine Corps. Camp David - Wikipedia

Why is Camp David a Navy installation?

Michael Giorgione, Author - INSIDE CAMP DAVID (2017-present)Answered Sep 26 · Featured on Huff Post and Quora Sessions's Twitter · Upvoted by Jason Kranz, Civil Engineer Corps at United States Navy (1997-present) and Matthew Cantrell, former Corpsman at United States Navy Originally called “Shangri-La” by President Roosevelt, U. S. Navy Sailors from the presidential yacht were used to staff the camp during FDR’s visits. The Sailors came from the presidential yacht and because the yacht could not be used for security purposes during the war years, President Roosevelt saw fit to employ them in this manner. Interestingly and unknown to most people, the U. S. military has an incredible mission in protecting, serving and moving our president. Under the leadership of the Director, White House Military Office (WHMO) are:• Military Aides (Mil Aides, one each from the Army, Navy, Marine Corps, Air Force, Coast Guard). They are the officers you usually see with the president, carrying the satchel. The Mil Aides were a key conduit for information for me and the crew during visits to Camp David. • Marine One (HMX-1). The white-topped helicopters that move the president. You usually see them departing from and returning to the South Lawn of the White House. • Air Force One. The iconic 747 that moves the president; the colors on the fuselage were selected by First Lady Jackie Kennedy and never changed. • Camp David. • White House Communications Agency (WHCA). The communications force for the president. A joint unit, but mostly manned by Army personnel. • White House Transportation Agency. The limousines moving the president. • Other units including the White House Medical Unit, White House Mess, Presidential Valets, and Presidential Programs.1.2k Views · View Upvoters · Answer requested by Quora User, Yusra Babar, and 18 more Promoted by The Great Courses Plus General Wesley Clark teaches American military history. Get a sneak peek of his new course on The Great Courses Plus for free. Free Trial at thegreatcoursesplus.com Related Questions More Answers Below What are some tips to make it through Navy boot camp? Do the toilet and shower facilities in U. S. Navy Boot Camp women's barracks provide privacy? Where is the Navy boot camp? What is Camp David like? What are the requirements for graduating from Navy boot camp? Ask New Question Bryan Nelson, former GMG1 (SW) (AW) at United States Navy (1980-1992)Answered Sep 24Camp David is the country retreat of the President of the United States. It is located in wooded hills of Catoctin Mountain Park near Thurmont, Maryland, about 62 miles (100 km) north-northwest of Washington, D. C.. [1] [2] [3]

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causes of drugs and alcohol

"Alcohol and Drug Abuse Use and abuse of drugs and alcohol by teens is very common and can have serious consequences. In the 15-24 year age range, 50% of deaths (from accidents, homicides, suicides) involve alcohol or drug abuse. Drugs and alcohol also contribute to physical and sexual aggression such as assault or rape.

Possible stages of teenage experience with alcohol and drugs include abstinence (non-use), experimentation, regular use (both recreational and compensatory for other problems), abuse, and dependency. Repeated and regular recreational use can lead to other problems like anxiety and depression. Some teenagers regularly use drugs or alcohol to compensate for anxiety, depression, or a lack of positive social skills. Teen use of tobacco and alcohol should not be minimized because they can be ""gateway drugs"" for other drugs (marijuana, cocaine, hallucinogens, inhalants, and heroin). The combination of teenagers' curiosity, risk taking behavior, and social pressure make it very difficult to say no. This leads most teenagers to the questions: ""Will it hurt to try one? ""A teenager with a family history of alcohol or drug abuse and a lack of pro-social skills can move rapidly from experimentation to patterns of serious abuse or dependency. Some other teenagers with no family history of abuse who experiment may also progress to abuse or dependency. Therefore, there is a good chance that ""one"" will hurt you. Teenagers with a family history of alcohol or drug abuse are particularly advised to abstain and not experiment. No one can predict for sure who will abuse or become dependent on drugs except to say the non-user never will. Warning signs of teenage drug or alcohol abuse may include:a drop in school performance,a change in groups of friends,delinquent behavior, anddeterioration in family relationships. There may also be physical signs such as red eyes, a persistent cough, and change in eating and sleeping habits. Alcohol or drug dependency may include blackouts, withdrawal symptoms, and further problems in functioning at home, school, or work. For additional information see the following Facts for Families: #3 - Teens: Alcohol and Other Drugs#41 - Substance Abuse Treatment for Children and Adolescents: Questions to Ask "


causes of petechial hemorrhage

le. Causes and Symptoms The causes of petechial hemorrhages are injury to the brain and trauma. This type of multiple petechial hemorrhage is not often visible in imaging techniques such as CT and MRI scans. It is visible in case the injury is very severe, and it generally shows up only after few days.

Petechial Hemorrhage

Home Articles Diseases and Ailments Petechial Hemorrhageby Sharon Hopkins Tweet Petechial hemorrhage is also known as capillary hemorrhage, as it occurs when capillaries burst. In general, hemorrhage is the escape of blood from a ruptured vessel. Apart from the visible signs of blood loss from an open wound, a hemorrhage can be identified by signs such as cold and clammy skin, increased pulse rate, rapid and shallow respirations and a drop in blood pressure. Petechial hemorrhage is a subcutaneous hemorrhage. It is a form of mild hemorrhage that causes distinctive markings called petechiae. A petechial hemorrhage in the brain occurs as result of a brain contusion, which is a form of traumatic brain injury that leads to the bruising of the brain tissues. It is associated with multiple micro-hemorrhages wherein small blood vessels leak into the brain. In the case of petechial hemorrhage in the brain, there are numerous contusions in the capillaries that supply blood to the grey matter under the cortex. This is known as multiple petechial hemorrhage. The contusions often occur at the junction between the grey and white matter and in the upper brain stem. It also occurs in the basal ganglia, thalamus, and in areas surrounding the third ventric

It is difficult to diagnose such kind of hemorrhages if the patient is comatose. Positron emission tomography is conducted to get better results and a more definite diagnosis. The symptoms of petechial hemorrhage include difficulty in breathing, sight, speech, and hearing, and an inability to manage emotions and thought processes. The signs largely depend on the contusion’s location in the brain. The other symptoms include reduced task efficiency and concentration, a reduced capacity in word finding and difficulty in mental organization. The physical symptoms include headaches, disturbances in sleep, fatigue, lack of energy, dizziness, ringing in the ears, blurred vision and photophobia. The condition can also result in behavioral changes. These include irritability, anxiety, angry outbursts, mood swings, depression, and bad social judgment. The signs and symptoms are known as post-concussion syndrome (PCS). PCS is often to be presumed only when the complaints follow a head injury. However, this method is not quite reliable as people are not always able to identify a difference between pre and post injury behavior. Therefore, to confirm any brain injury, neuro-psychological tests are necessary. Referencehttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7825548 Tweet Warning: The reader of this article should exercise all precautionary measures while following instructions on the home remedies from this article. Avoid using any of these products if you are allergic to it. The responsibility lies with the reader and not with the site or the writer. Next Article: Acute Psychosis »More articles from the Diseases and Ailments Category


longest punt in nfl

The longest punt in NFL play was a 98-yarder by Steve O'Neal of the New York Jets in an American Football League game played against the Denver Broncos on September 21, 1969. [11]Jeff Feagles is the all-time NFL career punts and punt yards leader with 1,713 punts and 71,211 punt yards over 352 games.

Punt (gridiron football)

"From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedianavigation search St. Louis Post-Dispatch photograph (1905), of Bradbury Robinson, football's first triple threat man, preparing to punt In American and Canadian football, a punt is a drop kick performed by dropping the ball from the hands and then kicking the ball before it hits the ground. The most common use of this tactic is to punt the ball downfield to the opposing team, usually on the final down, with the hope of giving the receiving team a field position that is more advantageous to the kicking team when possession changes. The result of a typical punt, barring any penalties or extraordinary circumstances, is a first down for the receiving team. The type of punt leads to different motion of the football. Alex Moffat invented the now-common spiral punt, as opposed to end-over-end. Contents [ hide ]1 Description2 Rules2.1 Common to American and Canadian football2.2 American football2.3 Canadian football3 Types of punts3.1 End-over-end punt3.2 Spiral punt3.3 Pooch punt3.4 Fake punts3.5 Rugby-style punt4 Record punts5 Return6 See also7 References8 External links Description [ edit]A punt in gridiron football is a drop kick performed by dropping the ball from the hands and then kicking the ball before it hits the ground. In football, the offense has a limited number of downs, or plays, in which to move the ball at least ten yards. The team in possession of the ball will typically punt the ball to the opposing team when they are on their final down (fourth down in American football, third down in Canadian football ), do not want to risk a turnover on downs by not gaining enough yardage to make a first down and are in such a field position that they do not believe they can successfully make a field goal. The purpose of the punt is for the team in possession, or ""kicking team"", to move the ball as far as possible towards the opponent's end zone; this maximizes the distance the receiving team must advance the ball in order to score a touchdown upon taking possession. Thus, the most common use of this tactic is to punt the ball downfield to the opposing team, usually on the final down, with the hope of giving the receiving team a field position that is more advantageous to the kicking team when possession changes. A punt play involves the kicking team lining up at the line of scrimmage with the kicker, or punter, typically lined up about 15 yards behind the center (in American football, where the end zone is only ten yards deep as opposed to twenty yards in Canadian football, this distance must be shortened if the ball is on a spot such that the kicker's normal position is on or beyond the end line). The receiving team lines up with one or two players downfield to catch the ball. The center makes a long snap to the kicker who then drops the ball and kicks it before it hits the ground. The player who catches the ball is then entitled to attempt to advance the ball. The result of a typical punt, barring any penalties or extraordinary circumstances, is a first down for the receiving team at the spot where:the receiver or subsequent receiving team ball carrier is downed or goes Out of bounds;the ball crosses out of bounds, whether in flight or after touching the ground;there is "" illegal touching "", defined as when a player from the kicking team is the first player to touch the ball after it has been punted beyond the line of scrimmage; ora ball which is allowed to land comes to rest in-bounds without being touched (American football only). Other possible results include the punt being blocked behind the line of scrimmage, and the ball being touched, but not caught or possessed, downfield by the receiving team. In both cases the ball is then ""free"" and ""live"" and will belong to whichever team recovers it. Rules [ edit]The Baylor Bears punting against the Texas A&M Aggies in 2007Common to American and Canadian football [ edit]If the kicked ball is blocked and fails to cross the line of scrimmage, it may be picked up and advanced by either team. However, if it is picked up by the kicking team, the play is treated as any other play from scrimmage; i.e., if it is the team's final down, it must advance the ball beyond the first down marker in order to avoid a turnover on downs. The official rules regulate when and how the receiving team may hit the kicker before, during, and after the kick. If the receiving team drops the ball or touches the ball beyond the line of scrimmage without catching it then it is considered a live ball and may be recovered by either team. If the receiving team never had full possession, it is considered to be a muffed punt rather than a fumble. However, the receiving player must be actively pursuing the ball. If the receiving player is blocked into the ball, it is not considered ""touching"" the ball. A field goal cannot be scored on a punt kick. The 2007 Virginia Tech Hokies football team blocks a punt against the Duke Blue Devils American football [ edit]The player attempting to catch the kicked ball may attempt a fair catch. If caught, the ball becomes dead and the receiving team gets the ball at the spot of the catch. A touchback may be called if the kicked ball enters the receiving team's end zone without first touching any player, whether in flight or on a bounce; or if the receiving team catches the ball in its own end zone and downs it before advancing the ball out of the end zone; or if the ball enters then exits the end zone behind the goal line. (In high school football, the ball automatically becomes dead when it crosses the goal line and cannot be returned out of the end zone.) The receiving team gets the ball at its own 20-yard line. If a player from the kicking team is the first to touch the ball after it crosses the line of scrimmage, ""illegal touching"" is called and the receiving team gains possession at the spot where the illegal touching occurred. This is often not considered to be detrimental to the kicking team; for example, it is common for a player on the kicking team deliberately to make contact with the ball near the goal line before it enters the end zone to prevent a touchback. Since there is no further yardage penalty awarded, the kicking team is often said to have ""downed the ball"" when this occurs (and the NFL does not count it as an official penalty). While the ball is not automatically dead upon an illegal touch, and can be advanced by the receiving team (who would then have the choice of accepting the result of the play or taking the ball at the spot of the illegal touch), this rarely happens in practice, as illegal touching typically occurs when members of the kicking team are closer to the ball than members of the receiving team. The length of the punt, referred to as punting yards or gross punting yards, is measured from the line of scrimmage (not the spot where the punter punts) to whichever of the following points applies: (1) the spot that a punt is caught; (2) the spot that a punt goes out of bounds; (3) the spot that a punt is declared dead because of illegal touching; or (4) the goal line, for punts that are ruled touchbacks. The net punting yardage is taken by calculating the total punting yardage and subtracting any yardage earned by the receiving team on returns, and subtracting 20 yards for each touchback. Under no circumstance can the kicking team score points as the direct result of a punt. (It can score indirectly if the receiving team loses possession of the ball or runs back into its own end zone and gets tackled. )Canadian football [ edit]The kicker and any players behind him at the time of the kick are considered ""onside""; any other players on the kicking team are considered ""offside"". A player who is onside may recover the kicked ball, while a player who is offside may not be the first to touch the kicked ball and is required to remain at least 5 yards from an opposing player attempting to catch the ball. Violations of these restrictions on an offside player are called ""no yards"" infractions, with various penalties associated with them. The ball remains in play if it enters the goal area (end zone) until it is downed by a player on either team or goes out of bounds: If a member of the receiving team downs it in the goal area or the ball goes out of bounds before being brought back into the field of play, a single is awarded to the kicking team and the receiving team gains possession at their own 35-yard line. If an onside player downs the ball in the goal area the kicking team is awarded a touchdown. If an offside player downs the ball in the goal area the receiving team gains possession after a ""no yards"" penalty is applied from their own 10-yard line. If the ball strikes the goalpost assembly while in flight the receiving team gains possession at their own 25-yard line. The length of the punt is measured from the line of scrimmage to the spot of the catch or the point where the kick goes out of bounds. The punt return is measured independently, though the value of the punt to the kicking team is determined by distance from the line of scrimmage to the end of the return. Canadian rules also allow a punt when the punter is not behind the line of scrimmage, which is not permitted in American rules. This tactic (termed an ""open-field kick"" in the rule book) is usually reserved for last-second desperation: for example, a player, after receiving a forward pass with no time left on the clock and with no hope of evading tacklers, may punt the ball in the hope that it will score a single or be recovered by an onside teammate. After recovering a ball kicked by the other team a player can also punt out of his own end zone in order to avoid a single. On at least two occasions in the CFL, a last-second missed field goal attempt was followed by three punts, all on one play, as the teams alternately tried to avoid a single and score a single. [1] [2] [3] [4]Types of punts [ edit]The type of punt leads to different motion of the football. End-over-end punt [ edit]See also: drop punt Spiral punt [ edit]See also: torpedo punt Alex Moffat is generally recognized as the creator of the spiral punt, having developed it during his time as a college athlete in the early 1880s. [5] It is the longest type of punt kick. In flight, the ball spins about its long axis, instead of end over end (like a drop punt) or not at all (like a regular punt kick). This makes the flight of the ball more aerodynamic, and the pointy ends of gridiron footballs mitigate the difficulty to catch. Pooch punt [ edit]Main article: quick kick Teams may line up in a normal offensive formation and have the quarterback perform a pooch punt, also known as a quick kick. This usually happens in situations where the offense is in a 4th and long situation in their opponent's territory, but are too close to the end zone for a traditional punt and (depending on weather conditions) too far for a field goal try. Like fake punt attempts, these are rarely tried, although Randall Cunningham, Tom Brady, Matt Cassel and Ben Roethlisberger have successfully executed pooch punts in the modern NFL era. [6] [7] [8] Some pooch punts occur on third down and long situations in American football to fool the defense, which is typically not prepared to return a punt on third down. Fake punts [ edit]On very rare occasions, a punting team will elect to attempt a "" fake punt "" — line up in punt formation and begin the process as normal, but instead do one of the following: The punter may choose to run with the ball. The ball may be snapped to the upback, who then runs with the ball. The punter (or another back, who is standing nearby) may decide to pass to a pre-designated receiver. The ball may be snapped to the upback, who then passes the ball to a receiver. Although teams sometimes use fake punts to exploit a weakness in the opposing team's defense, a fake punt is very rare, and often used in desperate situations, such as to keep a drive alive when a team is behind and needs to catch up quickly, or to spark an offense in a game where the defense dominates. The high risk of ""fake punts"", and the need to maintain an element of surprise when the play is actually called, explains why this play is seldom seen. Fake punts are more likely to occur when there is short yardage remaining to secure a first down, and/or the line of scrimmage is inside the opponent's territory. One of the most famous fake punts was by New York Giants linebacker Gary Reasons during the 1990 NFC Championship Game against the San Francisco 49ers, in which he rushed for 30 yards on a fourth down conversion via a direct snap to him instead of the punter, Sean Landeta, which was a critical difference in a 15–13 victory. The Giants went on to win Super Bowl XXV. Rugby-style punt [ edit]Similar to spiral punt, rugby punt is done with a running start before punting while remaining behind the line of scrimmage. [9]Bill Putich punting on the run. Record punts [ edit]The longest punt in North American pro football history is a 108-yarder by Zenon Andrusyshyn of the CFL's Toronto Argonauts (at Edmonton, October 23, 1977). [10] This record was also tied by Christopher Milo of the Saskatchewan Roughriders on October 29, 2011, at a home game at Mosaic Stadium at Taylor Field in Regina, during which winds gusted above 35 miles per hour (56 km/h) (this is also the site of the three longest field goals in CFL history and one of the windiest fields in professional football).

[12]Bob Cameron is the all-time CFL career punts and punt yards leader with 3,129 punts and 134,301 punt yards over 394 games. [13]Shane Lechler holds the NFL record for career punting average at 47.29 yards per punt (855 punts for 40,429 yards) over the 2000–2010 seasons. [14]Sammy Baugh averaged 51.40 yards per punt in 1940 (35 punts for 1,799 yards). Lechler holds the modern single-season record with a 51.14 yards per punt average in 2009 (96 punts for 4,909 yards) [14]The record for college football is held by the University of Nevada’s Pat Brady, who booted the longest possible punt on a 100-yard field at 99 yards against Loyola University on October 28, 1950. [15]Joe Theismann punted for one yard against the Chicago Bears in 1985. [16] [17]Return [ edit]A punt return is one of the receiving team's options to respond to a punt. A player positioned about 35–45 yards from the line of scrimmage (usually a wide receiver or return specialist) will attempt to catch or pick up the ball after it is punted by the opposing team's punter. He then attempts to carry the ball as far as possible back in the direction of the line of scrimmage, without being tackled or running out of bounds. He may also lateral the ball to teammates in order to keep the play alive should he expect to be tackled or go out of bounds. De Sean Jackson, then playing for the Philadelphia Eagles in the "" Miracle at the New Meadowlands "", is the only NFL player to return a punt for a game-winning touchdown on the final play of regulation. [18] The NFL record holder for the number of punt returns for a touchdown in a career is Devin Hester with 14. See also [ edit]Glossary of American football Punter (football)Short punt formation American Football Kicking Hall of Fame References [ edit]^ ""Crazy ending lifts Alouettes over Argonauts"". archive.org. 1 February 2014. Archived from the original on 1 February 2014.^ blackknight101066 (30 October 2010). ""Crazy Argonauts – Alouettes CFL ending.mp4"" – via You Tube.^ CFLfan#31 (19 September 2015). ""SC: Top 10 Crazy CFL Moments"" – via You Tube.^ ""Nov. 19, 1972 Abendschan boots Blue in stadium's greatest game"". winnipegfreepress.com.^ David M. Nelson. The Anatomy of a Game: Football, the Rules, and the Men who Made the Game. p. 53.^ ""Randall Cunningham Past Stats, Statistics, History, and Awards – database Football.com"". databasefootball.com. Archived from the original on 2009-01-14.^ ""Let's talk about Brady's punt"". go.com.^ ""Ben Roethlisberger Past Stats, Statistics, History, and Awards – database Football.com"". databasefootball.com. Archived from the original on 2013-10-31.^ First Sporting Production (2015-10-17), Aussie punter Blake O'Neill's Punts 80 yard Rugby Style Punt, retrieved 2017-09-07^ ""Regular Season All-Time Records – Individual Records – Punting"" Archived 2009-09-03 at the Wayback Machine .. Canadian Football League. (The CFL's field is ten yards longer than the NFL's. )^ ""Bouncing ... bouncing – Pro Football Hall of Fame Official Site"". profootballhof.com.^ ""NFL Punting Leaders (All Time)"". Player Filter.com.^ Regular Season All-Time Records Archived 2010-07-04 at the Wayback Machine. Canadian Football League^ a b 2011 NFL Record and Fact Book^ National Football Foundation^ Joe Theismann NFL & AFL Statistics. pro-football-reference.com. Pro Football Reference.^ UPI (September 30, 1985). Bears Show Redskins a Team on the Rise. Lodi News-Sentinel, p. 17.^ Frank, Reuben (December 19, 2010). ""Miracle at the Meadowlands III: Eagles 38, Giants 31"". CSN Philly. Retrieved 2010-12-19. [ permanent dead link]External links [ edit]Media related to American football punts at Wikimedia Commons [ hide]v t e Gridiron football plays Play from scrimmage Play calling system Offense Rush Keeper Bootleg Sneak Dive Power Counter Off-tackle End Option Sweep Toss Trap Veer Zone Pass Incomplete Checkdown Screen Drop-back Hail Mary Alley-oop Defense Man-to-man Zone Blitz Zone blitz Special teams Touchback Kickoff Kickoff return Punt Punt return Drop kick Place kick Fair catch Fair catch kick Onside kick Squib kick Other Trick play Quick kick Categories: American football plays "


what is sidney

Sidney is a city in Shelby County, Ohio, United States. The population was 20,211 at the 2000 census. It is named after English poet Sir Phillip Sidney and is the county seat of Shelby County. Sidney was the recipient of the 1964 All-America City Award. In 2009, it was the subject of the documentary film 45365.

Sidney

"Sidney Sidney, OHFavorite Share More Nearby Directions Sponsored Topics Description

Sidney features some unusual architecture for a small town, including the 1881 Second Empire courthouse, the 1877 Gothic revival Monumental Building, dedicated to the county's Civil War dead, the 1918 early-modern People's Federal Savings and Loan Association was designed by Louis Sullivan, a National Historic Landmark, and the ""smallest house in Sidney"" on Shelby Street. "


what is molting in science

Molting, known technically as ecdysis, is literally a period of growth for insects. In humans, an analogy can be drawn to molting as a period of personal transformation, such as the shedding of one's old self and the emergence of a new and improved person. Insects grow in increments. Each stage of growth ends with molting, the process of shedding and replacing the rigid exoskeleton. People often think molting is the simple act of an insect breaking out of its skin and leaving it behind. In truth, the process is complex and involves several parts.

The Molting Process for Insect Growth

Science, Tech, Math ›Animals and Nature The Molting Process for Insect Growth Pros and cons of molting as a growth process Share Flipboard Email Print Will Heap/Getty Imagesby Debbie Hadley Updated October 16, 2017

When Insects Molt After egg hatches, the immature insect feeds and grows. Its exoskeleton is like a shell. Eventually, the larva or nymph must shed its unyielding overcoat to continue its development. The exoskeleton which serves as its external backbone is used for protection and support. Without an exoskeleton, the insect could not survive. An old exoskeleton is shed when a new one is ready underneath, a process that can take days or weeks. Understanding the Exoskeleton To understand how molting occurs, it helps to know the three layers of the insect exoskeleton. The outermost layer is called the cuticle. The cuticle protects the insect against physical injury and water loss, as well as provides rigidity for muscle. It is this outermost layer that sheds during a molt. Underneath the cuticle is the epidermis. It is responsible for secreting a new cuticle when it is time to shed the old one. Underneath the epidermis is the basement membrane. This membrane is what separates the insect’s main body from its exoskeleton. The Process of Molting In molting, the epidermis separates from the outermost cuticle. Then, the epidermis forms a protective layer around itself and secretes chemicals that break down the insides of the old cuticle. That protective layer becomes part of the new cuticle. When the epidermis has formed the new cuticle, muscular contractions and air intake cause the insect’s body to swell, thus splitting open the remains of the old cuticle. Finally, the new cuticle hardens. The bug squeezes out from the outgrown exoskeleton. The insect must continue to swell and expand the new cuticle, so it is large enough to allow room for more growth. The new overcoat is soft and much paler than the former one, but over a few hours, it becomes darker and begins to harden. Within a few days, the insect appears to be a slightly larger copy of its former self. Pros and Cons of Molting For some insects, a big benefit to having a system of molting for growth is that it allows damaged tissue and missing limbs to be regenerated or substantially reformed. Complete regeneration may require a series of molts, the stump becoming a little larger with each molt until it is a normal or nearly back to normal size. A major disadvantage to having to molt as a system of growth is that the animal in question is entirely incapacitated during the process. An insect is completely vulnerable to a predator attack while undergoing molting.cite


dimensions of average tub

r The standard size of a bathtub is 60 inches long, 32 inches wide and 18 inches tall. Standard-sized tubs are designed to fit into an alcove, surrounded by three walls. Alcove tubs are available in a wi

What Is the Standard Size of a Bathtub?

Home & Garden Home Maintenance Plumbing Q: What Is the Standard Size of a Bathtub? A: Quick Answe

de variety of materials. Continue Reading Keep Learning What Are Standard Bathtub Measurements? How Do You Unclog a Bathtub Drain? How Do You Install a Whirlpool Bathtub? Credit: Robyn Breen Shinn Collection Mix: Subjects Getty Images Full Answer A tub or tub-shower combination takes a significant space, especially in a small bathroom. Installing a shower instead of a bathtub helps to increase the remaining space. If space is less limited, larger sizes and styles of tubs are available. When replacing a standard tub with a newer model, many consumers are surprised to learn that a jetted tub requires no more space than the standard tub. Learn more about Plumbing Sources: homerenovations.about.com bhg.com Related Questions Q: How Many Gallons of Water Does a Bathtub Hold? A: The standard bathtub, which measures 60 inches long by 30 inches wide, holds approximately 35 to 50 gallons of water. Larger units, such as soaking tubs or... Full Answer >Filed Under: Plumbing Q: How Thick Is a Schedule 80 Pipe? A: Schedule 80 pipe ranges in nominal thickness from 0.10 inches for 1/8-inch pipe size to 1.22 inches for 24-inch pipe size according to Engineering Toolbox.... Full Answer >Filed Under: Plumbing Q: What Are the Standard Shower Stall Dimensions for a Residential Home? A: The standard size of a square shower stall in the United States is 32 inches wide by 32 inches long. Larger showers are often 32 inches wide by 48 inches l... Full Answer >Filed Under: Plumbing Q: How Do You Unclog a Bathtub? A: To unclog a bathtub drain, remove the stopper, cover the overflow drain, and plunge the drain. The only tools required are a plunger and a wire coat hanger... Full Answer >Filed Under: Plumbing You May Also Like Q: What Is the Standard Size of a Banquet Table? Q: What Is the Best Drain Clog Remover? Q: What Is the Size of China? Q: How Do You Locate the Tire Size for a Nissan Pathfinder? Q: What Is the Average Cost for Installing a Sewer Connection? Q: How Do They Find the Buried Septic Tank Lid?


where is provo river

The Provo originates high in the Uinta Mountains; it is collected at Jordanelle and Deer Creek reservoirs before arriving at its destination, Utah Lake. Most of the river is open to artificial flies and lures only and regulations are strict on limits.

Provo River

Be sure to consult the current Utah fishing proclamation for details. In the Heber Valley vicinity, the Provo River is primarily a fly-fishing stream and is one of the most popular in the State of Utah. Anglers can be found year-round trying their luck on the lower Provo River below Deer Creek Dam. Numerous pullouts along US Hwy 189 through scenic Provo Canyon provide access to the river. Long stretches of flat water give anglers an excellent chance of catching good-sized brown, rainbow and cutthroat trout. From Jordanelle Reservoir to Deer Creek Reservoir, the Provo River flows through Heber Valley and is a local fishing favorite. Brown, rainbow, and cutthroat trout are the primary species on this stretch of the river. Access can be found at Charleston Bridge in Charleston, along Midway Lane between Heber and Midway, downstream from Highway 40 near Midway junction, and below Jordanelle Dam. Much of the Provo River through Heber Valley passes through private property. Remember to respect the rights of landowners and do not trespass. Above Jordanelle Reservoir, much of the river passes through private property as well, but there is public access at Rock Cliff recreation area, located on the east shore of Jordanelle Reservoir, and east of Woodland on Highway 35. The Provo River flows through Rock Cliff recreation area before it enters Jordanelle Reservoir where parking, day-use areas, and restrooms are provided. Follow State Route 32 north and east of Heber to reach Rock Cliff. To reach the river near Woodland, follow US Hwy 35 east from Francis. Beyond Woodland, the Provo River follows US Hwy 35 upstream and several pullouts along the road access some top-notch fishing for brown, rainbow, and cutthroat trout. At the confluence with the South Fork of the Provo, fishing regulations change. The upper Provo River and the South Fork are generally open to full bag limits and the restriction on artificial flies and lures are lifted. Double-check the current Utah fishing proclamation for any changes in regulations. The upper Provo River can best be accessed along the scenic Mirror Lake Highway 150 east of Kamas. The South Fork of the Provo continues to follow US Hwy 35 east of Woodland toward Wolf Creek Pass.


difference between soy and whey protein powder

The soy protein powder can be used to make a protein shake or to add protein to other meals. Although soy protein isolate is naturally high in protein but very low in carbohydrates, many manufacturers add additional nutrients to commercial soy protein to improve its taste, texture, and nutritional value.

Home Healthy Eating Healthy Highlights Soy Protein vs Whey Protein Soy Protein vs. Whey Protein - Everything You Need to Know Pin It Share 14 Tweet +1Protein Smoothie Bowl Recipe | Nuts.com Your browser does not currently recognize any of the video formats available. Click here to visit our frequently asked questions about HTML5 video. This sweet protein smoothie creates an awesome option for fans of either type of protein powder!Protein is a critical nutrient that your body uses to create new enzymes, muscle tissue, and hormones. Indeed, protein is found in every cell in the human body, meaning that you need to get plenty of it in your diet to ensure that your body continues to function properly. Each protein molecule is made up of amino acids, the building blocks that are strung together on chains to form protein. After digesting dietary protein, your body rearranges these amino acids to create new protein structures needed to perform various physiological processes. One of the best ways to ensure you get enough protein in your diet is to drink protein shakes. There are hundreds of varieties of protein powder available, each with its own benefits and drawbacks. Two of the most common forms of protein are soy protein and whey protein. Understanding the differences between soy protein and whey protein allows you to make the healthiest choice for your body. What Are Soy Protein & Whey Protein? Soybeans are a type of legume that are naturally high in protein while remaining relatively low in fat. To create soy protein, manufacturers grind soybeans into a meal which contains no hulls or fat. This soybean meal is then processed into soy protein isolate, which consists of 90 to 95% protein (Soyfoods Association of America, 2013). This soy protein isolate is then sold in powder form.

Whey protein, on the other hand, is made from cow’s milk. Cow’s milk naturally contains about 3.5% protein and 4% fat (My Protein, 2014). After being pasteurized to kill any bacteria, special enzymes are added to the milk to separate casein -- the milk solids that are used to make cheese -- from the whey. This whey is processed further to remove carbohydrates, fats, and excess water. The end product is a protein-rich powder that can be used to make protein shakes. Considerations When Choosing Between Soy and Whey Protein There are many considerations when choosing between soy protein and whey protein. Although these factors differ by brand, the following are some broad considerations when choosing a type of protein powder. Taste and Texture Whey protein tends to have a smooth, somewhat creamy texture and a mildly nutty taste. Soy protein has a stronger nutty flavor, and some people find the texture a bit grainier. In the end, the taste and texture of soy versus whey protein comes down to personal preference. Both are available in a variety of flavors and formulations. Certain brands may include additives or stabilizers that are meant to achieve a creamier, richer texture. Trying several brands before choosing one can help you avoid protein powder with an off-putting “chalky” texture. Shelf Life Both soy and whey protein are processed so that they are relatively shelf stable. Despite being derived from milk products, you do not need to worry about whey protein powder going bad quickly. A typical container of protein powder has an expiration date that is a year or more away (Ketchiff, 2015). However, you are unlikely to suffer any ill health effects from using protein past its “sell by” date. Although the flavor of the product might diminish, the nutritional value and stability of the product is unlikely to change (Ketchiff, 2015). Type of Protein One of the most important factors to look at when evaluating a protein powder product is the amino acid profile. There are 22 types of amino acids used by the human body; nine of these cannot be synthesized by the body and must be obtained from dietary sources. Both soy and whey protein are “complete” proteins, meaning that they contain these nine essential amino acids. However, they differ slightly in their relative concentrations of the essential amino acids. For example, whey protein tends to be higher in leucine, isoleucine, methionine, and lysine (Misner, 2015). In contrast, soy protein is higher than whey protein in arginine, phenylalanine, and tryptophan. Because lysine has been associated with muscle growth and methionine with accelerated fat loss, many bodybuilders choose whey protein for its superior profile of these amino acids (Robson, 2016). However, both soy and whey protein contain adequate amounts of essential and nonessential amino acids to support general health. Dietary Restrictions Other dietary restrictions may determine whether soy or whey protein is best for you. For example, whey protein comes from an animal source and is not appropriate for a vegan diet. In contrast, soy protein is vegan-friendly and can be a good way for vegans to ensure they get enough protein. Additionally, people who are lactose intolerant may need to carefully consider their protein options. Soy protein does not contain lactose and is perfectly appropriate for people who are lactose intolerant. When it comes to whey protein, it depends on the form of protein you choose. Whey protein comes in three main forms: whey concentrates (the least processed form), whey isolates, and whey hydro-isolates (the most processed form) (Axe, 2015). Although whey concentrates have some lactose filtered out, they may still cause gastrointestinal problems for lactose intolerant people. Whey isolates or hydro-isolates have been processed to remove lactose, making them more appropriate for lactose intolerant individuals. Other Nutritional Considerations Protein is not the only consideration when choosing whey or soy powder. These powders also contain other nutrients that support your general health. For example, soy naturally contains B complex vitamin, vitamin E, zinc, iron, phosphorus, and potassium (Robson, 2016). Whey protein also contains important vitamins and minerals, including calcium, iron, potassium, phosphorus, and magnesium. The exact amounts of these nutrients varies by brand, making it important to check nutrition labels before you buy. Another nutrition consideration when evaluating whey versus soy protein is the phytoestrogen content in soy. Soybeans naturally contain phytoestrogens, which mimic the activity of estradiol, the primary female sex hormone (Robson, 2016). Historically, some people have been concerned that eating soy could increase levels of estrogen while decreasing testosterone levels. However, more recent scientific research suggests that consumption of soy has no ill effects on hormone levels or general human health. In fact, consumption of soy protein has been shown to promote lean muscle growth while stimulating weight loss (Robson, 2016). Thus, concerns about the phytoestrogen content in soy protein is not a strong reason to choose whey protein over soy alternatives. Personal Preference When it comes to foods, there is no “one size fits all” approach. It may take some trial and error to determine the specific variety of soy or whey protein that works best for you. Some people experience gas, bloating, or gastrointestinal problems after using certain types of protein. This may be a sign that your body is reacting poorly to some ingredient in the protein, but it does not mean that another brand of soy or whey protein will not work for you. Experiment with different types, flavors, and ingredient ratios when making protein shakes until you determine what works best for you. Recipes with Protein Powder The following recipes utilize whey or hemp protein powder, though substitutions can be made. It may take some slight experimentation to find the right amount of soy or whey powder to use for a substitution- but, once a balance is found, the results are sure to taste great!Protein Acai Bowl Recipe A delicious smoothie in a bowl, this recipe uses whey powder to fit the needs of those seeking a small meal that delivers a protein with more lysine than the powders derived from plant-based sources. Ingredients: Frozen strawberries, almond milk, whey protein powder, acai powder, banana, fresh fruit toppings Protein-Packed Detox Smoothie Recipe {vegan}Though this smoothie uses hemp powder as its protein source, you can ensure that this drink offers an adequate amount of all nine essential amino acids by substituting soy or whey protein powder. Soy powder can even keep the drink vegan. Ingredients: Almond milk, frozen banana, spirulina, hemp protein powder (optional), fresh mint, chia seeds, hemp hearts. Total Time: 5 minutes | Yield: 2 399-gram servings Protein Powders and Smoothie Ingredients For a more robust list of protein powder and protein shake ingredients, be sure to check out our protein shakes page!Soy Protein Isolate$9.99/lb Add to cart Our soy protein isolate has been processed to offer a powder with 14% of the Daily Value (DV) for calcium and for iron as well as 24 grams of protein in each ounce. Isolated Soy Protein Powder$6.99/lb Add to cart For those that are seeking a powder for making more than basic beverages, this isolated protein powder offers the perfect powder to use in energy bars and other confections. Gluten Free Soy Protein Powder$8.99/lb Add to cart This variety of soy powder is less refined to offer 25 grams of protein with every ounce. Unlike other forms of the soy powder, this variety contains less sodium to increase protein intake without impacting your micronutrient intake. Whey Protein Powder$8.99/lb Add to cart This whey powder is a whey isolate that is ideal to meet your bodybuilding or weight loss needs. Each ounce contains more than 20 grams of protein and 10% of the DV for calcium. Organic Hemp Protein Powder$14.99/lb Add to cart Another option for those seeking a plant-based protein powder, our hemp powder contains nearly 40% of the DV for iron in every ounce, as well as 15 grams of protein and 8 grams of fiber. Pea Protein Powder$7.99/lb Add to cart Another vegan source of protein, this pea protein powder offers 21 grams of protein per ounce and is a source of calcium, iron, and unsaturated fats to help provide a well balanced shake or smoothie. References Axe, J. (2014). Which protein is better, whey or soy? Retrieved from http://draxe.com/which-protein-is-better-whey-or-soy/Ketchiff, M. (2015). Is it safe to use expired protein powder? Shape. Retrieved from http://www.shape.com/healthy-eating/diet-tips/it-safe-use-expired-protein-powder Misner, M. (2015). Protein debate: which protein is best? Hammer Nutrition. Retrieved from http://www.hammernutrition.com/knowledge/protein-debate-which-protein-is-best.2897.html My Protein (2014). How is whey protein made? Retrieved from http://us.myprotein.com/thezone/supplements/how-is-whey-protein-made/Soyfoods Association of America (2013). Soy protein isolate. Retrieved from http://www.soyfoods.org/soy-products/soy-fact-sheets/soy-protein-isolate-fact-sheet Robson, D. (2016). Soy vs whey: the latest research. Bodybuilding. Retrieved from http://www.bodybuilding.com/fun/drobson71.htm


does contraction of the ciliary muscles shorten the lens

The ciliary body controls the shape of the lens. The ciliary body is composed mainly of smooth muscle and is connected to the lens by suspensory ligaments which are not visible in this image. Contraction of smooth muscle in the ciliary body makes the lens rounder focusing vision on objects which are closer to the eye.

Histology@ Yale

Ciliary Body

Relaxation of the smooth muscle causes the lens to flatten allowing for imaging of more distant objects.


what is lumbar spondylosis?

wer Lumbar spondylosis refers to a degeneration of the discs in the lower spine, according to Pub Med Health. These discs separate vertebrae and offer a cushion between the bones. Lumbar spondylosis is also often called degenerative disc disease. This condition causes lower back and leg pain.

What Is Lumbar Spondylosis?

Health Pain & Symptoms Q: What Is Lumbar Spondylosis? A: Quick Ans

Continue Reading Keep Learning How Can You Straighten Lumbar Lordosis? What Is Spondylosis With Myelopathy? What Is Lumbar Disc Disease? Credit: Michael Dorausch CC-BY-SA 2.0Full Answer Lower back pain as a result of lumbar spondylosis can manifest at any age, even as early as a teenage years. Pub Med Health explains that malalignment of the vertebral column or vertebral instability often results in cases of degenerative spinal diseases. Non-surgical treatment, or first-line treatment, includes drug therapy to aid in pain management as well as physical therapy, chiropractic adjustments, cortisone injection and massage therapy. Surgical procedures, such as vertebral fusions and disc replacement, are commonplace treatment options implemented after non-surgical treatment has failed to manage symptoms effectively. Learn more about Pain & Symptoms Sources: ncbi.nlm.nih.gov Related Questions Q: What Is Lumbar Degenerative Disc Disease? A: Lumbar degenerative disc disease is when the spinal discs on the lumbar vertebrae break down through cracks and tears or through the loss of fluid in the d... Full Answer >Filed Under: Conditions & Diseases Q: What Are Some Common Causes of Lower Back Spinal Pain? A: The most common causes of lower back spinal pain are sprains, herniated discs, disc degeneration and sciatica, states the National Institute of Neurologica... Full Answer >Filed Under: Pain & Symptoms Q: What Are the Most Common Issues Caused by Lumbar Spine Pain? A: The most common issues caused by lumbar spine pain are degenerated discs, herniated lumbar discs, sacroiliac joint dysfunction, spondylolisthesis and muscu... Full Answer >Filed Under: Pain & Symptoms Q: What Causes Cramps and Spasms in the Ribcage? A: Muscle cramps and spasms in the rib cage are most commonly caused by dehydration leading to electrolyte imbalance, or by muscle overuse and injury, accordi... Full Answer >Filed Under: Pain & Symptoms You May Also Like Q: What Treatments Are Available for Sciatica Nerve Pain? Q: Why Do You Need to Be Concerned About Fluid in the Ears? Q: What Can Cause Leg and Foot Pain? Q: What Causes Flu-Like Symptoms but Is Not the Flu? Q: What Are the Main Signs That a Child May Be Concussed? Q: What Are the Common Flu Symptoms?


how much does it cost to run for state representative

Pay the filing fee. As of the time of publication, the fee for running for state representative is $750. If you will be collecting signatures instead of paying a filing fee, you must collect 5,000 signatures from eligible Texas voters. File the completed form and fee by 6 p.m. on Jan. 2 of the election year.

Home »Get the Job »Professional Licenses and Exams How to Run for Texas State Representative By Jolene Armand; Updated July 05, 2017Members of the Texas House of Representatives serve two-year terms of office, with no term limits. The House is in session from January to June each year and is located in downtown Austin. There is a process for running for office in Texas that must be completed, in addition to securing funds for campaign costs and support within your party and from your constituents. The Texas Secretary of State requires certain steps and qualifications be met to include your name on the electoral ballot. Meet the minimum qualifications to hold the office. You must be at least 21 years old and a United States citizen. You must have lived in Texas for at least two years, including at least one year in the district that you will be seeking to represent. Choose your district. Texas has 150 districts, and each district holds one seat in the Texas House of Representatives. If you do not want to run in your district, you will need to move to a new district at least one year before seeking office. Choose a district that traditionally votes for your political party. Download the application for a place on the ballot from the Texas Secretary of State website (sos.state.tx.us). Select the application with a filing fee if you will be paying a fee. Select the application with petition if you will be collecting signatures instead of paying a filing fee. Type the information into the form. Fill out your full name, address, length of residency, phone number and position you are running for.

File the form with the office of the State Party Chair. Find your state party chair on the Texas Secretary of State website, under “Election Information.”Tip Contact your local party office for additional support and information on current election issues. References Texas House of Representatives: Frequently Asked Questions Texas House of Representatives: About Us Texas Secretary of State: Application for Place on the Primary Ballot Instructions Texas Secretary of State: Application for Place on the General Ballot Texas Secretary of State: Petition in Lieu of a Filing Fee Resources Texas Secretary of State: Candidate Information Find a Job Job Search by About the Author Jolene Armand has been writing since 1999. She has worked as a marketing copywriter for medical, dental and legal services companies and as a freelance medical and legal researcher. Armand is currently pursuing a dual Bachelor of Science in biology and Bachelor of Arts in English. More Articles What Are the Requirements to Run for State Governor? How Do I Become a Justice of the Peace in Texas? How to Become a State Representative How to Be a Justice of the Peace in Tennessee How Much Money Does a Senator Make? What to Do If Unemployment Busts You for Misrepresentation Continue Reading in Get the Job Resumes and CVs Applications Cover Letters Professional References Interviews Networking Professional Licenses and Exams Cite this Article


define workflow

Workflow is the series of activities that are necessary to complete a task. Each step in a workflow has a specific step before it and a specific step after it, with the exception of the first step. In a linear workflow, the first step is usually initiated by an outside event. If the workflow has a loop structure, however, the first step is initiated by the completion of the last step.

workflow

Download this free guide What should be in a CIO’s IT strategic plan? This complimentary document comprehensively details the elements of a strategic IT plan that are common across the board – from identifying technology gaps and risks to allocating IT resources and capabilities. The Search CIO.com team has compiled its most effective, most objective, most valued feedback into this single document that’s guaranteed to help you better select, manage, and track IT projects for superior service delivery. Corporate E-mail Address: By submitting your personal information, you agree that Tech Target and its partners may contact you regarding relevant content, products and special offers. You also agree that your personal information may be transferred and processed in the United States, and that you have read and agree to the Terms of Use and the Privacy Policy. Flowcharts and process maps are useful tools for visualizing the number and order of steps in a workflow. Flowcharts use simple geometric symbols and arrows to define if/then relationships. Process maps look somewhat similar, but they may also include support information, documenting the resources that each step in a business process requires. Workflow can be automated with software tools that use business rules to decide when one step has been completed successfully and the next step can begin. Some workflow management software (WMS) programs can also coordinate dependent relationships between individual steps, a concept known as workflow orchestration. Workflow documentation and business process modeling are important aspects of business process management ( BPM ). PRO+Content Find more PRO+ content and other member only offers, here. E-Handbook ITSM strategy for an agile, secure digital transformation E-Handbook Facing up to emerging technology: Risks and benefits E-Handbook Enterprise cloud strategy: Improve agility while avoiding risk


when does harbin ice city end

When is the Harbin Ice and Snow Festival? While some parts of the festival started in late December 2015, this year’s festival will really start on the 05th of January and be up to the end of February 2016.

Home » China » Harbin Ice and Snow Festival: Plan your visit. 8 min read Planning on visiting the Harbin Ice and Snow Festival this winter? We’ve got you covered! We’ll help you plan your visit with a few must do and the few things you might want to avoid. With extremely low temperatures, if you come to this Chinese town that, somehow, looks a bit more like Russia, you want to get a few things ready to not spend too much time freezing outside. During the festival you will find a few major sites: Ice and Snow world, Sun Island, the Ice Lantern show and Songhua River, they are mostly all worth a visit, as is Central Street that fills up with different Ice and Snow sculptures for the next few months of the festival. Harbin Ice and Snow Festival is usually held around winter and during the Chinese New Year holiday. From December to February, you will get a chance to witness some of the most exquisite and impressive sculptures, all of which are painstakingly crafted each winter, only to melt again in the spring. But in a town where temperatures regularly drop below -20°C, you will want to explore this place well covered and make sure to pick a hotel where the heating works. We’d advise you to spend 3 days in Harbin to get enough time to visit everything. If you would like to visit the surrounding areas please note that transport in the area can be slow and intermittent, and that a day of travel from one spot to another may need to be taken in to account!Ice and Snow World. A must-do when visiting Harbin. It would really be a shame to miss this one. Located a fair way out of town, the Ice and Snow World lights up at night to give a magical touch to those huge ice sculptures that are resting there in the snow. Most of the sculptures are fully interactive, you will be able to climb on top of an ice castle, sit on chairs made of ice and play in the icy slides. It’s not just a place for art lovers, it’s the perfect place for the whole family. A few restaurants can be found inside the area to keep you warm but we wouldn’t especially recommend them, as prices are hugely inflated and there’s plenty of good street-food stalls to keep you fed. We’d also suggest that you steer clear of the guys charging people to hold snow foxes. It might make for a nice photograph, but from what we saw, the well-being of these little critters doesn’t seem to be a priority for the owners and we’d rather people didn’t support this kind of business. One thing definitely worth checking out though is the Ice Bar. Most years the site includes an entire bar inside a huge igloo, wherein the bar itself, the shelves, the tables, chairs, and even the shot glasses are made exclusively from ice. Try to resist ordering your vodka shot “on the rocks”, however. How much does it cost? 300RMB per adult (or 330RMB if visiting during the Chinese New Year) but the tickets can be bought at a cheaper price online. How to get there? We’d recommend a bus if you can catch one or to plan it with your hotel. You could try to catch a taxi but around that time they will drop you off at another bus instead of driving there. How much time do you need? Count at least 2 hours (ideally 3 or 4) to fully enjoy every area of the Ice and Snow World. Sun Island Snow Sculpture Expo. On another site can be seen the Sun Island Snow Sculpture Art Expo, with a name like this you sure know what you are going to find! Sun Island is a big park that is open all year around but it transforms for the festival and takes a whole different look. Snow sculptures are made in between alleys and trees and are continuously undergoing work from the artists, so unlike the Ice & Snow World, you should actually get the opportunity to see new creations taking shape. With an ever changing landscape, you are led to the main spot where the biggest snow sculptures can be seen. There’s nothing better to make you feel small than to stand near full reproductions of famous monuments in a white paradise. In this Sun Island Snow world, the sculptures are only one of the reasons to visit, the beauty of the park covered by snow will surely strike you. How much does it cost? 240RMB (this was the price for 2015, price might be different for 2016) How to get there? You can easily get a taxi from the city centre or a bus. The return is a bit tricky, make sure to get a taxi on metre, otherwise take the bus. How much time do you need? Take a few hours, if you are not too cold stay for an afternoon. Ice Lantern Show (Zhaolin Street). Often referred as the most traditional part of the festival with sculptures supposed to refer more to the Chinese culture, we found it difficult to agree with this statement, and while it’s much cheaper than the other sites, it was also the most underwhelming. If you have time to spare then there’s nothing to lose by dropping in, but if your time is short and you’re not sure you can make it to everything, then in our opinion, this is the one to cut from your tour. The sculptures are not as impressive as those in the Ice and Snow World and this park doesn’t seem to receive as much care with regards to the upkeep of the displays. Sure you can still give it a go if you are in Harbin, since it’s in the town centre and very easy to access, but do not expect some amazing architecture that will make you dream of the past Chinese dynasties, that’s not what you’ll get. How much does it cost? 150 RMB How to get there? It’s a short walk from the city centre, it should take you a maximum of 30minutes but in that cold you might want to get a taxi. How much time do you need? An hour should be enough. Songhua River Happy Valley. If you’ve got some spare time then you’ve got to go to the Songhua River! Located in the city centre this spot is perfect for having a bit of fun! On the frozen river all type of ice related activities are present. Ever wanted to slide down an icy ski-slope in a tractor tyre? Or try your hand at racing snowmobiles? Or charge around the frozen river on a dog sled? There are plenty of fun activities, including a variety of home-made contraptions such as ice-bicycles, and school chairs bolted to skis all of which can be rented, for very low prices. I doubt that health & safety gets much of a look in here, but since when was anything fun, entirely safe? The Songhua River is free and all you’ll need to do is to pay for the activities (prices vary depending on activities; the ski chairs for example are about $1.50 for as long as you want them, while the snowmobiles worked out at close to $50 for a 15 minute ride). It’s a great way to enjoy the cold a bit differently, just don’t be afraid of a few bumps and bruises- falling over a lot is guaranteed, you’re standing on a frozen river after all. And if you come back at night you can join people and launch a few Chinese lanterns. How much does it cost? Entrance is free, you will need to pay for each activity. How to get there? Walk down the main street for a few minutes and you’ll quickly get there. How much time do you need? You can easily spend an entire afternoon there. The Ice and Snow festival in Harbin has been recognised as one of the best in the world and it’s really an impressive sight. If you are visiting China around that time of year we do recommend adding it to your itinerary. While there are many great activities in town we’d like to advise you to avoid the Siberian Tigers as well as Polarland. Instead visit Gogol and Central street or take a few days and visit Snow Town. How to get to Harbin? You could fly in or take a train to Harbin. From Beijing trains are fast and there are a few everyday. Make sure to book them 60 days in advance since tickets might sell out fast. It should take you around 8 hours to get there. Where to stay in Harbin? Most hotels are very… well… Chinese, in Harbin so make sure to check them online for reviews and maybe opt for a hotel chain. Heaters should always be provided in the room due to the awful weather conditions. Try to stay near the Central street to get easy access to food at night.

0 0 0 0 0 0Previous Article Inside my nightmare: A night in a Chinese Hospital Next Article A tour of Hong Kong’s traditional food Related Posts To the Sea of Clouds: Hiking Niu Bei Mountain. March 18, 2018Exploring Mount Emei: A winter snowy escape from Chengdu. February 7, 2018Flying a drone in China : what you need to know. December 13, 20172 Comments Aparna Reply March 22, 2016 at 6:18 am Damn.! really fantastic experience… Seriously how do they sculpt it..? its truly amazing Gina Reply December 7, 2016 at 12:14 pm I didn’t know something so magnificent existed! I was oo-ing and aah-ing as soon as I looked at all your photos. I like how you highlighted how much each activity costs and I was really interested in the Ice Lantern Show on Zhaolin Street. Leave a Reply Comments *Name *Email *Website Sign me up for the newsletter!Notify me of follow-up comments by email. Notify me of new posts by email.


what are endotoxins?

2014Definition of Endotoxin Endotoxin is a form of sugar. It is a structure composed of lipids and sugar complexes. This structure is called a lipopolysaccharide or LPS. This structure is a necessary component for gram negative bacteria to maintain cell wall integrity. It is a major component of their cell wall and is important for their survival.

Blog > The Impact of Endotoxin on the Human Body The Impact of Endotoxin on the Human Body20th August

The classification of bacteria as gram negative or gram positive is based on a microscopy staining method called Gram’s staining. Two dyes are applied. The first dye is red. The second dye is blue or violet. The bacteria that retains the color of the first dye is called gram positive. The bacteria that losses the color of the first dye but retains the color of the second dye is called gram negative. Related: A Method for Detecting Bacterial Endotoxins LPS is also called an endotoxin because it is a toxin located inside the bacterial cell. It was originally theorized that endotoxin is released once the bacteria dies. It is now a known fact that bacteria release small amounts of endotoxin as a part of their normal metabolism although the majority are still retained inside the cell. LPS is structurally divided into three main parts, the O-antigen, the Core oligosaccharide and Lipid-A. The outermost structure is the O-antigen. It is called an antigen because it is the target for recognition for the host or human immune response. The O-antigen is a repetitive sequence of glycans. This sequence is variable and produces different kinds of O-antigens. There are 160 known types in the bacteria E. coli alone. Biologic differences such as these contribute to the overall variability in the testing of LAL. The core domain simply contains multiple sugar chains as well as some non-carbohydrate components while the Lipid-A molecule is the least variable component of LPS. It anchors the LPS to the cell wall. Once the cell wall is degraded, Lipid-A is released from the bacterial cell and is the component responsible for the toxic effects of LPS on the human body. The immune response Once inside the body, natural defense cells like macrophages and monocytes recognize the bacteria as foreign. This recognition process is mediated by the antigens in bacteria which include the O-antigen of LPS. The bacteria may sometimes evade destruction but are normally degraded by our defense cells. The endotoxins located within the bacteria are then released into the circulation and exert their deleterious effects. The defense cells of our body also release substances which may stimulate pathways that compound the negative effects of endotoxins. The complement cascade, through substances C3a and C5a, causes the release of histamine, a major effector for the allergic response. The complement cascade generally causes vasodilation and inflammation. The inflammatory response is mediated through the release of substances which include the cytokines interleukins, prostaglandins and tumor necrosis factor. Interleukins are pyrogenic, they cause the febrile response. Aside from inflammation, these substances also mediate the shock response. The coagulation pathway is also activated. There is generally aggregation of platelets, dilatation of the blood vessels and increased leakage of the vessel walls. The substrates required to form a blood clot may be diminished or depleted in endotoxemia. This depletion, along with vessel dilatation and increased leakage contributes to the occurrence of hemorrhages in bacterial infection. Bacteria with endotoxin There are many clinically significant gram negative bacteria. An understanding of their biology and pathogenicity will give us a clearer understanding of the importance of LAL in safety and disease prevention. Related: Applications of the LAL test in the pharmaceutical industry Bordetella pertussis is the causative agent for the disease, whooping cough. Prior to the development of its vaccine, this bacterium had a high infection and mortality rate. B. pertussis produces the pertussis toxin which has the ability to inhibit the immune system. It is primarily an infection of the respiratory tract and may produce symptoms similar to the common cold. It is characterized by a whooping sound when the infected person breathes in. Neisseria meningitides is a bacterium which causes meningitis and meningococcemia. Meningitis is the infection of the meninges or lining of the brain and spinal cord. The meninges become inflamed and can increase the pressure on the brain. Symptoms of meningitis can include stiff neck, fever, head ache, altered mental status and seizures. Meningococcemia is the infection of this bacterium of the blood stream. Symptoms of meningococcemia can include fever, joint pains, chills, and even disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), characterized by the formation of small blood clots from within the blood vessels that can obstruct blood flow. The infected person can have petechiae or small multiple hemorrhages under the skin, bruising and severe uncontrolled hemorrhage. Another Neisseria species, N. gonorrhea is known to cause the sexually transmitted disease, gonorrhea. Symptoms of gonorrhea may vary depending on the organ infected. It may cause blindness in eye infections, purulent discharge from the genitals and severe systemic infection. N. gonorrhea releases blebs or bubbles containing LPS during its growth. The LPS is theorized to cause the disease process in gonorrhea. The Shiga toxin was described in the worst E. coli outbreak of 2011 in Germany. The E. coli strain was O104: H4 which produced an endotoxin that caused bloody diarrhea. The Shiga toxin is also the known toxin for the bacterium that causes dysentery, Shigella dysenteriae. The symptoms may include diarrhea that may become bloody, abdominal pains and bloody urine. S. dysenteariae causes one of the worst forms of dysentery. The bacteria and the endotoxin can be spread through contaminated food and water and is often related to unwashed hands during food preparation. The bacteria S. dysenteriae and its endotoxin is therefore an important target of LAL detection especially in the food and water industry. Cholera is a disease which causes watery diarrhea. The bacterium which causes this disease is Vibrio cholerae. V. cholerae secretes a toxin which leads to disease progression in humans. The disease may manifest as abrupt watery diarrhea accompanied by abdominal pains and vomiting. The worst spectrum of the disease is called cholera gravis and can even be fatal to untreated patients, especially children. The bacteria and its toxin may be spread by contaminated water. Other modes of spread include contaminated fish, shellfish and other food that have not been properly treated. People are natural carriers of V. cholera as well so transmission may also be caused by improper hand washing and food handling. The most commonly known contaminants of food are Salmonella typhi, the causative agent for the disease typhoid fever and Escherichia coli. S. typhi is a natural parasite of humans. E. coli is a natural inhabitant of the human digestive tract. The harmless strains of E. coli are necessary for the production of Vitamin K; however, there are strains of E. coli which can harm the body like the Shiga toxin producing O104: H4. Most of the disease progression in these toxin producing bacteria noticeably require transmission through contaminated commercial products especially food and water. The adverse effects of infection can be quite severe. It can be compounded to an even greater degree by mass distribution affecting multiple individuals at any given time. Understanding this disease process leads to the obvious benefit brought about by LAL endotoxin testing prior to the distribution stage of commercially prepared products which interact with the human body. OUR LAL PRODUCT LINELAL Reagents LAL Accessories By: Lisa Komski In: Kit LAL


what type of lever is a tree

Best Answer: A tree pruner is actually a double lever. Since the fulcrum (pivot point) is situated between the points where the outforce and the inforce are applied, it

Is a tree pruner a class 1 lever?

Science & Mathematics Physics Is a tree pruner a class 1 lever? Follow 2 answers Answers

is indeed a 1st class lever. Locating the pivot and checking its relative position is the best way to recognize the lever type. Source (s):http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lever#First...http://gemsnet.gso.uri.edu/~gemsnet/misc... Calimecita · 1 decade ago4 0 Comment I agree. Let's close this bad boy. Professor Beatz · 1 decade ago0 1 Comment Maybe you would like to learn more about one of these? Look For an Accident Attorney Find Moving Container Services Explore Digital Home Security Hard drive full? Cloud storage


meaning of unity in designing

Source: Design Basics for Creative Results by Bryan L. Peterson Further Definition Unity is a measure of how the elements of a page seem to fit together - to belong together. A unified work of art represents first a whole, then the sum of its parts.

"Unity

Visual unity is one of the most important aspects of well-developed art and is planned by the artist. Unity provides the cohesive quailty that makes an artwork feel complete and finished. When all the elements in a work look as though they belong together, the artist has achieved unity.

Unity in Fine Art Vincent van Gogh - ""Starry Night"", 1889

Van Gogh was concerned with the unity of his paintings. In this one, the swirling brush strokes and dominance of cool colors tends to unify the surface and create the feeling that everything belongs together.

Source: Elements and Principles of Design: Student Guide with Activities, published by Crystal Productions Unity in Graphic Design Target Ad Campaign Gaby Brink Templin Brink Design

Nowhere is unity more important than in an an campaign. Creating unity is a form of branding: you must establish a look and attitude that are recognizable even before the content of the ad is read.

This particular campaign for Target works quite well in this way. The design is fresh and attention-getting. As simple as the idea is—combining related objects with images of the products the ads feature—it is sure to get noticed because it is also playful. Too olften, the tendency is to take our assignments so seriously that we forget the value of whimsy and entertaining design in making customers feel good about the products we are endeavoring to sell. Another nice feature of these ads is the treatment of the type. Not only are the headlines clever but the type is tastefully applied to the ad. It is interesting that the Target nameplate does not exist anywhere on the ads. The symbol is enough to identify the store.

What is it? All of the design elements (images, fonts) are consistent with each other in shape, style and colour and consistent with the overall message of the image and from a commercial point of view, its target market. Why is important? Establishing and maintaining a consistency throughout your printed piece is essential to the success of your design. If there is no unity than the main message of the design may be lost or miss the targeted audience. Unity helps to hold the image together both image wise and message wise. How to achieve it Similarity: Repeating colors, shapes, values, textures, or lines creates a visual relationship between elements, called correspondence. How many pitchforks can you find in American Gothic by Grant Wood? Color symbolism: Colors that work together with the message; e.g. an environmental action poster would do well with greens and other natural colors. The color supports the message. Shapes & Lines: Are they curved and soft in an organic sense, or hard and sharp at right angles for something to do with computers? Size: One element is not overwhelming another to the point it’s lost Fonts: Work together with design elements ( e.g. curvy lines with curvy fonts, rigid line with rigid fonts .) Fonts help convey/support the message. Style: Overall style creates a united message. A wedding invitation has certain style elements that give it instant reorganization (e.g. wedding bells, doves, flowers, bride and groom images, a flowing script style font.) An ad for a certain brand of wedding invitations would use wedding elements in its design. Style also talks to the targeted audience; the overall style of a hip hop CD design would be radically different from the design of a Gilbert and Sullivan CD. Each design would be tailored to the market and the products’ respective tastes and pre-existing established styles. Proximity: The simplest method of making objects appear to belong together is to group them closely together. This allows us to see a pattern . Repetition/ Pattern : Another method often used to promote unity is the use of repetition. Repetition of color, shape, texture or object can be used to tie a work together. Continuation: A much more subtle method of unifying a work involves the continuation of line, edge or direction from one area to another. Continuation is often used in books and magazines to tie the elements of a page together with the use of rules, and by lining up edges of copy, headlines and graphics. Notes Is the layout seen and perceived as a single, unified whole? Are there things that just don't feel right, like a sore thumb sticking out? Unity also exists in variety. It is not necessary for all of the elements to be identical in form, providing they have a common quality of meaning or style. For example, fashions from a specific period share common features of silhouette, materials, and color that identify the style of the day, or the look of a particular designer. "


how many tablespoons in one fourth cup?

r There are four tablespoons in 1/4 cup. When using measurements for recipes, one should only use commercially prepared measuring tools. One should use nested cups for dry ingredients and clear plastic or

Science Measurements Q: How Many Tablespoons Are in One-Quarter Cup? A: Quick Answe

glass measuring cups for liquids. Continue Reading Keep Learning How Much Is 1 Fluid Ounce? What Is a Tasty Grilled Tuna Recipe? How Do You Make a Simple Venison Marinade? Credit: Arata Photography Moment Getty Images Full Answer Some ingredients require special precautions when measuring. Flour requires sifting and spooning into the dry measuring cup, leveling with the back of a knife. Accurate brown sugar measurements involve packing the ingredient into the cup so it holds its form as one removes it. When measuring liquid ingredients, the cook places the cup on a level surface and moves his head so the eyes are level with the mark on the cup. Learn more about Measurements Sources: busycooks.about.com Related Questions Q: How Big Is a Quarter of an Acre? A: There are 43,650 square feet in an acre, so a quarter of an acre is one-fourth of that, or 10,912.5 square feet. Since there are 4,840 square yards in an a... Full Answer >Filed Under: Measurements Q: How Long Is a Quarter Mile? A: A quarter mile is, by definition, a fourth of a mile. It is 1,320 feet or 402.3 meters. On a standard-sized Olympic track, it is a little more than a singl... Full Answer >Filed Under: Measurements Q: How Many Quarters Weigh 100 Grams? A: With one quarter weighing 5.670 grams, it takes approximately 17.64 quarters to equal 100 grams. As of 2014, the quarter is the fourth heaviest of the seve... Full Answer >Filed Under: Measurements Q: How Many Grams Are in a Quarter Pound? A: There are about 113.4 grams in a quarter pound. One pound equals 453.6 grams. Multiplying .25 by 453.6 gives the solution of 113.4 grams in 0.25 pounds. Full Answer >Filed Under: Measurements You May Also Like Q: How Many Feet Are Equal to 48 Inches? Q: What Are the Dimensions in Feet of 1 Acre? Q: What Are Some Things That Weigh 1 Gram? Q: What Is a Caliper Measurement for a Tree? Q: How Many Teaspoons Make a Tablespoon? Q: What Is a Tiltmeter?


how many microns thick is house paint?

This is not only problematic for the inspection of the finished painted body, but also critical in the quality monitoring of a cataphoretic paint because that thickness is typically only about 20 microns, a defect in the coating thickness measurement of 5 or 6 microns through a reduced zinc coating becomes critical.

Home » Quality Test & Inspection: Measure Coating Thickness Quality Test & Inspection: Measure Coating Thickness December 1, 2006Peter Neumaier Reprints2 Comments Corrosion-protective coatings, or duplex coatings, consisting of a paint or plastic coating applied to galvanized steel sheet, are frequently used in manufacturing. As with any corrosion protection system, the thickness of the individual coatings is an important quality factor in duplex coatings Operators can determine the single coating thicknesses of a duplex coating system. Source: Fischer Technology Corrosion-protective coatings, or duplex coatings, consisting of a paint or plastic coating applied to galvanized steel sheet, are frequently used in manufacturing. As with any corrosion protection system, the thickness of the individual coatings is an important quality factor in duplex coatings. For obvious reasons, not least as a result of the costs involved, the thickness measurement should be non-destructive. A newly developed measuring method for such applications is suitable for several practical application examples. There are various types of duplex coatings, which are classified with regard to their measurability: Hot-dip galvanized steel components with a zinc coating thicker than 80 microns, distinctive zinc-iron diffusion zones and a paint coating with a typical thickness of more than 85 microns. These are found primarily in the field of steel construction. Versions with zinc thicknesses of between 0 and 10 microns, deposited galvanically or in a dip bath, and paint thickness of up to 150 microns. They are found primarily in vehicle body manufacturing. Coating systems on piping such as brake lines, metal sheets for building facades, items such as shopping carts or household appliances with zinc thicknesses of up to about 30 microns and an organic coating of paint or plastic with thicknesses of typically less than 200 microns. Coatings consisting of an organic layer and a zinc-iron or zinc-nickel alloy layer. Because of the higher cost of the zinc alloy coating, these are found primarily on components in the automotive industry with a high risk of corrosion. If the zinc coating thickness were uniform, the thickness of the subsequently applied paint coating could be measured using a conventional magnetic induction coating thickness measurement instrument. Source: Fischer Technology Selecting the Measuring Method Since these duplex systems are a combination of organic and metallic coatings, the typical measuring methods for the determination of multi-coating systems are ruled out because they are incapable of measuring the pure organic coatings. Thus, economical nondestructive and user-friendly instruments incorporate the magnetic induction and the eddy current test methods. Using the magnetic induction method according to the new ASTM Practice D 7091 or DIN EN ISO 2178, all coatings made of nonmagnetic coatings applied to ferrous metals such as steel and iron can be measured. Using the common eddy-current method according to ASTM Practice D 7091 and DIN EN ISO 2360, nonmagnetic, nonconductive coatings on nonferrous metals can be measured. For example, one should be able to measure a paint coating on an intermediate zinc coating if the latter can be seen as the base material. Unfortunately, hot-dip galvanized or galvanically deposited zinc coatings exhibit an electrical conductivity of only about 7 megasiemens per meter (MS/m), copper has 58 MS/m. At a measurement frequency of about 20 megahertz (MHz), which can be achieved with justifiable expenditure, the zinc coating would need to have a thickness of at least 80 to 100 microns if thickness fluctuations are not to have an influence on the measured value for the paint thickness. Only duplex systems in group one fall in this category. In a modified version, the phase-sensitive eddy current method can be used to measure metallic coatings on basically any substrate material. One application is the measurement of nonferrous metal coatings on ferromagnetic steel. With a suitable instrument design, such measurements are possible even under an electrically non-conductive coating. The electrical signal originating at the probe can be viewed as a vector with a variable magnitude and phase angle, or phase. With a duplex coating system, a variation in the zinc thickness causes a change in the magnitude and phase of this vector, while an increase or decrease in the paint thickness essentially affects only the magnitude. By using suitable instrument electronics that are capable of evaluating the probe signal according to its magnitude and phase, the zinc thickness can be determined based on the phase, independent of the paint thickness on top of it. The size of the phase variation caused by the zinc thickness can be optimized through a suitable selection of the eddy current measuring frequency for the zinc thickness range in question. Because duplex coatings are, mathematically speaking, equation systems with two unknowns, the solution requires two equations that are independent of one another. The first is represented by the phase-sensitive eddy current method, while the second is obtained simply by the conventional magnetic induction method. As mentioned, this method can be used to measure the overall thickness of the duplex system. If the separately measured zinc thickness is subtracted from this measurement, the resultant value is the thickness of the organic coating. The equivalence between the measurement of duplex coatings and the magnetic properties that are different from those of the substrate material or of the pure zinc coating occur as a third unknown. The phase-sensitive eddy current method also requires a sufficiently high electrical conductivity of the metal coating that is to be measured in such a way that eddy currents can develop. Unfortunately, the zinc coatings described exhibit an electrical conductivity of significantly less than 1 MS/m because of their crystalline structure. In order to enable coating thickness measurement to be carried out on the basis of the phase measurement, frequencies of more than 10 MHz are required-these cannot be achieved in typical coating thickness instruments. The large components that often are present in practical measurement combines the magnetic induction method with the phase-sensitive eddy current method. Without additional action by the operator, measurements are made with both methods in succession after placement of the probe. The measurement data is then appropriately. Accordingly, the probe must contain the measurement systems required for both methods. This instrument measures the paint thickness independent of the zinc thickness. The repeatability precision of the zinc thickness measurement is as low as a few tens of nanometers, and that of the paint thickness measurement is below 0.5 micron. Source: Fischer Technology Automotive Body Painting Galvanized steel sheet use is increasing in the automotive industry. The sheet metal supplier applies the zinc coating either by galvanic deposition or in a zinc dip bath. If the zinc coating thickness is uniform, the thickness of the subsequently applied paint coating can be measured using a conventional magnetic induction coating thickness measurement instrument. Simply deduct a constant value from the actual reading. This uniformity of the zinc thickness is typically given within a batch on the supplied sheet that still has to be formed. When the body parts are formed, flowing or even scraping off of the zinc coating may occur in the areas of severe bending radii, and this may vary thickness by 3 and 9 microns, and occasionally remove the coating altogether. Similar situations are encountered when repairing a body area that has coating defects because of sanding and subsequent re-painting of the defective area. In this case too, the zinc coating may be sanded away as well, leading to an apparent reduction in the paint thickness if the conventional paint coating thickness measurement system is used.

In order to reduce vehicle weight, the use of aluminum is becoming increasingly popular for non-safety-relevant components of the body. Therefore, the measuring instrument also is equipped with a conventional eddy current channel to measure the paint thickness on these parts according to a standard. The sheet-metal supplier applies the zinc coating either by galvanic deposition or in a zinc dip bath. Source: Fischer Technology Without any action by the operator, who may not even know which parts are made of steel and which parts are made of aluminum, the instrument automatically selects the required measuring method-duplex or eddy current-immediately after the probe touches the substrate and stores the paint thickness data in the same application, in such a way that a simple evaluation of the paint thickness distribution is possible regardless of the type of sheet metal. Application examples of duplex coatings on pipes or wires can be found in brake and fuel lines in the automotive industry, as well as in other pipes that are exposed to high corrosion loads or in the manufacture of shopping carts made of wire mesh. In most of these cases, the duplex coatings consist of a relatively thick zinc coating of about 25 to 30 microns and a paint or plastic coating of typically between 20 and 100 microns. Here too, it is important to measure the two coatings separately because they need to fulfill different tasks, and the quality is dependent on the individual thicknesses. Particularly advantageous is the measuring method for such products in which the two coatings are applied in a continuous production process, as is the case with brake or fuel lines. In such applications, the plastic coating is applied immediately after electro-galvanization on the continuous pipe. An intermediate inspection of the zinc coating means a cost-intensive interruption of the production process. The measuring method introduced provides a user-friendly and reliable means of nondestructive thickness measurement for duplex coating systems on steel and iron that may consist of a zinc coating with a paint or plastic coating applied on top of it. Due to the large measurement range for both coatings, this method is suitable for a broad range of applications. Tech tips By using suitable instrument electronics that are capable of evaluating the probe signal according to its magnitude and phase, the zinc thickness can be determined based on the phase, independent of the paint thickness on top of it. The size of the phase variation caused by the zinc thickness can be optimized through a suitable selection of the eddy current measuring frequency for the zinc thickness range in question. The large components that are often present in practical measurement combine the magnetic induction method with the phase-sensitive eddy current method. Did you enjoy this article? Click here to subscribe to Quality Magazine. Peter Neumaier is the marketing manager at Fischer Technology (Windsor, CT). For more information, e-mail info@fischer-technology.com, call (860) 683-0781 or visit www.fischer-technology.com. Related Articles Quality 101: Understand Coating Thickness Measurement Test Methods Quality Measurement: Coating Thickness Gages: A Fast Evolution X-Ray Fluorescence Measures Coating Thickness XRF Calibration Standards: Options for Coating Thickness Measurement Related Products Quality Buyers Guide TMEH Volume 4: Quality Control and Assembly The Quality Calibration Handbook Measuring Quality Improvement in Healthcare Related Events Join Zimmer Biomet to Explore How Quality Inspection Software Impacts Quality of Life Keeping Pace with Demand: Reducing Inspection Cycle Times in the Aero Engine Industry Improve your quality process with Leica’s NEW S9-Series Stereomicroscopes3D Vision Inspection Related Directories Fischer Technology Fischer Technology Inc. Hitachi High-Technology Analytical Science Quality Testing Services Inc. You must login or register in order to post a comment. Lamya Dalton May 21, 2015Even though this is more like a technical article, the way you explained the process helps everyone understand how to measure coating thickness. The same process was probably used for these garage systems: http://www.garageappeal.com/ . They look pretty strong and durable. A quality test and inspection might help us find out if this is true. Molia Gabrielle December 12, 2015People shoiuld take time to understand the importance of the coating especially when it comes to the devices that they are using each day. Many quality test inspections are done before a product is launched and scientists have worked at many modern carbon based coatings. There are many conductive coatings on the market that are not that expensive and they also have multiple uses. It really depends on the company that is using them.


what makes dogs sleep

Older dogs may start to rest more because their bodies are not as strong as they once were, just like people. Experts estimate that adult dogs sleep about 12 to 14 hours a day, older ones a little more, and puppies up to 18 or 20 hours.

Why Do Dogs Sleep So Much, And What Is Normal?

Advertisement Your alarm starts ringing a split second after a cold, wet nose presses against your cheek and an eager tongue licks your nose. It’s time to get up!You drag yourself out of bed to let the dog out and head for your shower. An hour later, when you’ve both eaten and you’re dressed for work, your furry friend is snuggled in his bed and softly snoring. You sigh wistfully and head out the door. Why is it that dogs sleep so much? You know you need six to eight hours a night and don’t always get it, but how much should dogs sleep? It seems as if dogs sleep all the time, but is there a limit on how much sleep is too much sleep? Actually, there are answers for this. Unless your dog has suddenly changed his sleep patterns, there is probably no cause for alarm. How Many Hours A Day Should My Dog Sleep? Morgan Swofford for Little Things The National Sleep Foundation says, and most experts agree, that dogs will generally sleep about 50 percent of the day, rest about 30 percent of the day, and be active the other 20 percent. Puppies might spend a little more time sleeping because their bodies are busy growing, but when they’re awake they are usually more active than older dogs. A puppy could be very similar to the human toddler who objects to nap time, calling out “I’m not sleepy” right up to the moment she passes out where she’s playing! Puppies go at it with all the enthusiasm they’ve got, playing, running, jumping, licking your face, right up until they just collapse in your lap, exhausted.

Why Does My Dog Sleep So Much? Morgan Swofford for Little Things One important thing to remember is that you are the center of your dog’s universe. Dr. Jessica Potosky, doctor of veterinary medicine (DVM), says that “dogs tend to sleep a large majority of the day unless they are stimulated by other things. I would say the biggest reason healthy dogs sleep is lack of other things to do. Most dogs would choose playing or doing an activity with their owner over sleeping.”Your dog probably conks out when you leave and comes to life when you enter the door. If you are playing or otherwise interacting with her, she’s alert and ready for it, but if you’re busy, she will likely rest or nap. So if you’re concerned that she sleeps too much, get her involved in a game. You know what she likes, and dogs are always up for something different as well. Dogs need games, socialization, and activities just like we do to enjoy life. Remember, you are your dog’s whole world!Is My Dog Really Sleeping All The Time? Morgan Swofford for Little Things Dogs aren’t always sleeping, either — sometimes they’re just resting. Dogs don’t sleep like we do. Most of their daytime sleep is light sleep, and we can tell this by how quickly they’re wide awake and on the alert when there is the slightest unusual sound. Dogs are watchful, so they don’t go into deep sleep all the time. Even if they’re not “watchdogs,” dogs take their jobs of watching over their owners very seriously. They do this 24 hours a day! Sounds exhausting to me. It may take them a while at night to totally relax and get into that deep sleep they need, just like we do, for their bodies to be rejuvenated, refreshed and ready for the next day. How Much Sleep Is Too Much Sleep? Morgan Swofford for Little Things The best way to decide if your dog is getting too much sleep is to look at any changes in his sleep patterns. Does he usually play for a while after you get home each day, but now he just stays in his bed? Does he usually watch you cook and hope he gets to test the food for you, but now he’s just not interested and prefers napping? Has he stopped greeting you at the door when you come home? When Does My Dog Need To See The Vet? Morgan Swofford for Little Things Dr. Potosky says: “I would recommend taking your dog to the vet if she is exceedingly lethargic…. Anything outside their normal behavior should be checked out.” You are the best judge of what your dog does that is usual and normal and what is different. When you see changes that make you concerned, get her to her doctor!It has been said that the dog is man’s best friend. For many of us, we love our dogs like family, and what’s going on with them is just as important as our own health. This is a reason to know about how and why they sleep. Please SHARE this article with your dog-owning friends so that they can learn more about their dogs’ sleeping patterns!