how long take tylenol codeine to get out system

How Long Does Codeine Stay in Your System? Codeine has a relatively short elimination half-life, which refers to how long it takes for half of a single dose of a drug to leave the body. The half-life of codeine is around three to four hours, which means that an entire dose of codeine will leave your system in approximately 16 hours or less.

How Long Does Codeine Stay in Your System? Prescription drug abuse is on the rise in the United States. According to the American Society of Addiction Medicine, 20.5 million Americans had a substance use disorder in 2015, and two million of those people had a substance use disorder involving a prescription pain reliever, such as codeine. Codeine is one of the most widely abused drugs among young people because it’s relatively easy to access and it causes a desirable euphoric feeling. Additionally, codeine has been highly publicized in pop culture over the past several years, leading young adults to see codeine misuse as “cool.”Using codeine to get high is often referred to as leaning on syrup. When used recreationally, it’s most often mixed with soda in what’s known as sizzurp or syrup. Other street names for codeine include purple drank, Cody, schoolboy, and T-three’s (Tylenol #3 with codeine). What is Codeine? Codeine is a narcotic prescription painkiller, meaning it has some of the same properties as opiates such as heroin and opium, but it’s made synthetically. Codeine is found in prescription-strength cough syrups or in combination formulations with over-the-counter analgesics, such as acetaminophen. It’s also available in the form of caplets and tablets. Codeine is most commonly used for pain relief and for the suppression of coughs. The effects of codeine are short-term and last approximately four to six hours. As a schedule II drug, codeine has a high potential for abuse, which may lead to severe psychological or physical dependence. When combined with other drugs, such as Tylenol, codeine is considered a schedule III drug. Can Someone Become Addicted to Codeine? When used as directed by a doctor, codeine is a relatively safe way to treat minor pain or control coughs. However, codeine is an addictive drug and can be dangerous in high doses. Codeine acts as a depressant to the central nervous system, which leads individuals to experience: Feelings of relaxation Euphoria Drowsiness Slowed heart rate Codeine addiction can sometimes be difficult to detect since many people start by taking codeine under medical supervision and are unaware they’re developing a dependency to the drug. The way codeine use progresses to addiction varies between individuals, but a few key characteristics that many people with a substance use disorder will exhibit include: Tolerance Preoccupation with getting more codeine Compulsive usage Withdrawal If a loved one is exhibiting these behaviors, they may be suffering from a codeine use disorder: Being secretive about their activities or whereabouts Changes in behavior or social circle Lack of energy or motivation Making risky decisions when using codeine Not being able to stop using codeine No longer going to work or fulfilling social obligations, family matters, and other responsibilities Physical symptoms of codeine abuse or addiction include: Loss of appetite. Weight loss. Nausea and vomiting. Less interest in previously enjoyed activities. Cold sweats. Poor physical coordination. Confusion Mood swings. Changes in sleeping patterns. Risk of Codeine Overdose Abusing or taking more than the recommended dosage of codeine can lead to overdose. Even a single misuse can be fatal, but those who are suffering from a substance use disorder are even more at risk of overdosing. The most common cause of death from a codeine overdose is respiratory failure. However, there are several non-fatal consequences of a codeine overdose, including: Brain injury Seizures Liver failure Kidney failure Hypothermia Pulmonary edema Breakdown of skeletal muscles Symptoms of a codeine overdose include: Blueish colored fingernails and lips. Slowed, shallowed, or no breathing. Cold, clammy skin. Confusion Constipation Dizziness Drowsiness Fatigue Lightheadedness Loss of consciousness Low blood pressure Muscle twitches Tiny pupils Unresponsiveness Weak pulse Weakness If you see someone experiencing any of the signs of a codeine overdose, call 911 immediately.

With that being said, various metabolites of codeine, such as morphine-3-gluceronide and codeine-6-glucuronide, have a longer half-life than codeine itself. This means that it may take up to 24 hours to completely clear codeine and its metabolites from your system. Variables That Influence How Long Codeine Stays in Your System It’s important to understand that how long it takes codeine to leave your system varies from person to person. There are a variety of factors that influence how long codeine stays in your system after your last dose. Some of these variables include: Age Weight Height Body mass Body fat Genetics Liver/kidney function Metabolic rate Urinary p HDosage (low vs. high)Frequency of use Duration of use Use of other drugs Will Codeine Show Up on a Drug Test? Since codeine belongs to the opioid family of drugs, it can be detected via drug tests – even on standard five-panel drug tests. How long codeine is detectable depends on the type of drug test. Urine tests can detect codeine after two days and for up to 10 days. Blood tests should be taken within 30 minutes to one hour after the last dose to hit the peak plasma time, however, they can detect codeine for up to 16 hours. Hair tests can detect codeine within two to three weeks and for up to 90 days. Saliva tests can detect codeine for up to four days. Getting Help for Codeine Abuse and Addiction If you or someone you know is struggling with a codeine use disorder, it’s easy to feel lost, hopeless, or overwhelmed. There are a variety of treatment options available, including counseling or therapy, medication-assisted therapy, Narcotics Anonymous, outpatient treatment programs, and inpatient treatment programs. There’s no one-size-fits-all solution when it comes to treatment for codeine addiction, and it comes down to what’s best for you and your situation. Before you choose a treatment plan, it’s often beneficial to reach out to a friend, family member, doctor, therapist, or other trusted individual. Remember: Even when all hope seems lost, help is available. All you need to do is ask. Sources:https://www.drugs.com/codeine.htmlhttps://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/002613.htmhttps://medlineplus.gov/druginfo/meds/a682065.htmlhttps://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/codeine#section=Tophttp://www.mayoclinic.org/drugs-supplements/codeine-oral-route/description/drg-20074022https://www.drugabuse.gov/publications/drugfacts/cough-cold-medicine-abusehttp://www.asam.org/docs/default-source/advocacy/opioid-addiction-disease-facts-figures.pdf Have more questions about Codeine abuse? Q. How Long Does Codeine Stay In Your System Q. How Do I Know If Someone Is On Codeine? Q. Are Codeine and Lean the Same Thing? Q. What is Codeine Used For? Q. Does Codeine Make You Itchy? Read the most frequently asked questions Speak to a Codeine Intake Coordination Specialist now.352.771.2700What to expect when I call?


how long can it take for a hernia to heal ?

A: Quick Answer It takes between 1 and 2 weeks to recover from a laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair, the most common type of surgical hernia repair. The less common open inguinal hernia repair takes around 3 weeks to recover from. Continue Reading

Health Conditions & Diseases Q: How Long Does It Take to Recover From an Inguinal Hernia Repair?

Keep Learning How Long Is the Recovery Time for Inguinal Hernia Surgery? What Is the Recovery Time for Inguinal Hernia Repair? How Do You Repair an Inguinal Hernia? Full Answer Thanks to the minimally invasive nature of this surgery, it is most often performed as an outpatient procedure, allowing patients to return home on the same day. According to Web MD patients can return to light activity after 1 or 2 weeks, but strenuous activity is best avoided until at least a month after the surgery. Open inguinal hernia repairs are less common nowadays according to Hernia Solutions, in part because they are more invasive and take longer to recover from. It takes about 3 weeks to recover from an open repair, and strenuous activity should be avoided for at least a month and a half. Web MD advises that postsurgery restrictions are also more strict with an open repair, precluding activities such as driving for about 2 weeks. Learn more about Conditions & Diseases Sources: webmd.com herniasolutions.com Related Questions Q: What Is the Average Recovery Time for Inguinal Hernia Surgery? A: The average recovery time for inguinal hernia surgery is about three weeks, according to Web MD. At this point, most people are ready to undertake their bas... Full Answer >Filed Under: Conditions & Diseases Q: How Long Does It Take to Recover From a Hernia Operation? A: How long it takes to recover from hernia operation depends on the type of surgery performed; open surgery recovery time takes one to two weeks, while recov... Full Answer >Filed Under: Conditions & Diseases Q: How Long Is the Recovery Time for Hernia Repair? A: The standard recovery time for hernia repair is 1 to 2 weeks according to University Hospitals Case Medical Center. However, it is important for patients t... Full Answer >Filed Under: Conditions & Diseases Q: What Is the Average Recovery Time After Hernia Surgery? A: Depending on the type of hernia and the type of surgery, recovery for a hernia surgery can range from one to three weeks, according to Web MD. Full recovery... Full Answer >Filed Under: Conditions & Diseases You May Also Like Q: How Do Shingles Spread to Others? Q: How Can You Treat Gout at Home With All-Natural Products? Q: Does D-Ribose Help Fibromyalgia? Q: What Is the Recovery Time From a Brain Stroke? Q: Is Multiple Sclerosis Covered As a Disability Under the Americans With Disabilities Act? Q: How Do You Remove a Splinter Under a Fingernail?


when was stew invented

The 14th century French epicure, Taillevent, also alludes to beef stew in a recipe for the first time in modern history. The recipe was called ragout, a braised dish wherein the main ingredient is beef (bovine or cattle meat). Since then, hundreds of beef stew recipes have appeared all across the globe.

A History Of Stew (Beef Stew)

Stewing meat is a cooking method that has been older than virtually any other type of cooking. From the first time man made fire, alsomt instantly he learned how to slow cook meat over low fire for extended periods of time. The very first written record of stew being cooked is found in The Old Testament. In Genesis, esau, with Jacob, his brother trades their father's dowry for a dish of stewed meat. The texts specified that it is only a stew of lentils, but other texts throughout the Old testments have clear indications that that Esau and Jacob ate stew with meat. Some Roman writings also exist mentioning stews. These stews were mostly made of lamb and fist.

In America, stews include Brunswick Stew, chili stew (both Texas-style and with ) beans, and Burgoo. While they may be fully Americanized now, all these stews have culinary roots from abroad. What Makes Up a “Beef Stew”The two main requirements for a dish to be called “beef stew” is that first, it must be cooked in a pot with a liquid base over direct flame, and second, it must have beef as it’s main ingredient. Other prerequisites include the dish’s geographgy , tradition, and the recipe’s details. American Stew An American beef stew usually uses cust of meat like shoulder meat or spare ribs which are less tender. Water (or stock) and vegetables then will be added, and the stew will simmer for long hours till the beef Is cooked through and through and tender. One quintessentially American style of stew is beef chili. Beef chili usually has a liquid base with crushed tomatoes, but varieties also exist from there. Texas style chili on the other hand usually doesn’t have beans and is made chunkier with cuts of steak in place of ground beef. Other versions always have beans. Burgoo, a Kentucky beef stew in contrast is originally made with squirrel or rabbit meat, but now it is almost always made with bovine meat or beef. Beef Stews from All over the World Geographcal location plays a big role in how beef stews are made from different regions. In areas where cold season is longer, it is very common to find different stew recipes in great abundance. These beef stews will usually be thicker in sauce, cooked longer, and have heavier or more flavorful ingredients. In areas that have warmer climate, stews will be a lot spicier in flavor for inducing perspiration (in order to help cool the body). In some areas, beef stews aren’t really “stews”, for instance in Emilia Romagna. Emilia Romagna is an area in northern Italy, the home of Bolognese sauce. Stews in Emilia Romagna are essentially a sub-type of beef stew served with any kind of pasta. Burgundy, on the other hand is an area in France known for their luxurious wines. Burgundy is very famous for their trademark stew, Boeuf Bourguignonne. Authentic Beef Stew Cooking stew is a practice that requires patience. It is a known idea that if you give stew a longer cooking time, then it will taste better and better throughout the process. Stews were first cooked in the woking class kitchens but nowadays, you will find them as a staple on the menus of high-class restaurants. Their origins though remain humble and up to now these dishes are still made at home with tougher, cheaper cuts of beef for better flavor. While very flavorful, these tough cuts of beef do not cook very well over high heat for shorter times but when simmered over low heat for longer hours, the meat fibers will break down, become tenderized and easier to chew, all the while still maintaining the meat’s flavor. It is also common knowledge that all these different types of stews are even (in taste and texture) the second or third day after cooking them. By then the ingredients have already melded very well with each other. There are many information you can get from us related to Gregory James Routt or Gregory James Routt cooking.


what is an integrated studies degree

The Bachelor of Science in Integrated Studies degree, which replaced the Bachelor of University Studies degree in Fall 2014, is an excellent option for students seeking a broad-based educational experience.

Integrated Studies

"MTSU Home Programs University College Integrated Studies Integrated Studies About Career Degrees Requirements Faculty Courses

This program offers flexible course scheduling including online classes and particularly may help students with prior credits to complete their degree. Students who have accumulated a variety of course credits that are not easily applied to a particular degree program often find that they can be used in this program, allowing them to graduate earlier at reduced costs. Academic credit might also be available for previous military experience or certifications. The degree is interdisciplinary and not intended for training for one vocation. However, some pre-planned areas of emphasis are offered (Communication Studies, Health and Human Performance, Leadership Studies), or students may design their own with an advisor's approval. Counselor found calling through broad degree program Julius Defour ('06) shares his experiences with the Bachelor of University Studies degree with undecided students as a counselor for Spokane Falls (Wash.) Community College. Defour, All-Academic conference high jumper at MTSU, transferred in with credits from another college as a junior without a declared major. ""I didn't know what I wanted to study. I knew what I wanted to dabble in,"" he said. University Studies allowed him to essentially have three minors instead of a major, and he studied history, mass communication, and behavioral sciences. He discovered quickly a career in recording industry wasn't for him, but ""through my dabbling I learned that I really like education."" After MTSU, he got a teaching fellowship through Americorps and earned a master's in education. Degree set up grad studies in multiple disciplines Tim Oneal (Bachelor of University Studies, 2002) is writing his doctoral dissertation in educational leadership at the University of North Dakota. The B. Unv. S. has allowed him to pursue multiple disciplines in grad school. While waiting to apply for law school, Oneal realized he had enough credits to pursue his master's in Criminal Justice Administration ('05, MTSU/TSU). He then completed an Educational Specialist degree ('06, MTSU) after his thesis compared spending for incarceration and higher education. ""When it came to grad school, I found that I wasn't held into one specific discipline,"" Oneal said. ""The University Studies degree allowed the diversity to get enough courses for prerequisites that I could tailor my graduate studies."" "


what is a enemy combatant

Q: What is an enemy combatant? A:“Enemy combatant” is shorthand for people who are fighting unlawfully. But no one is quite sure exactly what that means. FULL QUESTIONIn relation to the current political debate over the Guantanamo prison, what is the legal definition of “enemy combatant”? FULL ANSWER

Defining Enemy Combatant

We can understand why one might be confused as to the actual definition of “enemy combatant.” It’s a question that has vexed philosophers, lawyers and constitutional scholars. Part of the problem is that “enemy combatant” is often used as shorthand for “unlawful enemy combatant.” But even distinguishing between lawful and unlawful enemy combatants doesn’t bring much additional clarity. The Third Geneva Convention specifies a set of criteria that combatants must meet to be legal: Be commanded by a person responsible for his subordinates Have a fixed distinctive sign recognizable at a distance Carry arms openly Conduct their operations in accordance with the laws and customs of war There are additional exceptions for certain classes of civilians, including those who “spontaneously take up arms to resist the invading forces, without having had time to form themselves into regular armed units, provided they carry arms openly and respect the laws and customs of war.”On the other hand, the Military Commissions Act of 2006 defines a lawful enemy combatant as a member of the regular forces, a militia, a volunteer corps or an organized resistance movement belonging to a state (whether officially recognized or not) that is engaged in hostilities against the United States and who must Wear a fixed distinctive sign recognizable at a distance Carry his or her arms openly Abide by the law of war The Act does not provide any additional exemptions. Moreover, it also explicitly defines members of the Taliban, al Qaeda and associated forces as unlawful enemy combatants. By and large, the Military Commissions Act of 2006 and the Third Geneva Convention will pick out the same people as lawful combatants. A U. S. Marine patrolling in Basra or a Russian soldier in Chechnya are both lawful combatants. A person who straps dynamite to his chest and blows up a cafe is not. Other cases, however, are less clear. A member of the Taliban militia, ordered to resist U. S. soldiers when they landed in 2001, would seem to be protected as lawful under the Third Geneva Convention. Under the Military Commissions Act of 2006, he wouldn’t be. It’s also not clear which set of rules ultimately applies. The U. S. Constitution, in what scholars call the Supremacy Clause, specifies that treaties like the Third Geneva Convention are part of the supreme law of the land. But the Constitution also recognizes the right of Congress to pass laws. Scholars are divided as to which authority trumps the other. So until the Supreme Court rules on the issue (and it is under no obligation to do so), there is no clear legal definition of an enemy combatant, lawful or otherwise. Sources Bush, George W. “ Message to the Congress of the United States .” 6 September 2006. 11 December 2007.“ Geneva Convention (III) Relative to the Treatment of Prisoners of War .” 12 August 1949. Internnational Committee of the Red Cross. 11 December 2007. Glaberson, William. “ Military Judges Dismiss Charges for 2 Detainees .” New York Times 5 June 2007.“ Public Law 109-366: Military Commissions Act of 2006 .” 17 October 2006. Library of Congress: Military Legal Resources. 11 December 2007. Categories: Ask Fact Check Issue: enemy combatantauthor: Joe Miller


where is princeton, mn located?

on Princeton is a city in Mille Lacs and Sherburne counties in the U. S. state of Minnesota. It is located at the confluence of the Rum River and its West branch. The population was 4,698 at the 2010 census. A majority of residents live within Mille Lacs County. U. S. Route 169 and Minnesota State Highway 95 are two of the main arterial routes in the city.

Princeton

Princeton Princeton, MNFavorite Share More Nearby Directions Sponsored Topics Descripti

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 4.4 square miles (11.5 km²), of which, 4.4 square miles (11.5 km²) of it is land and 0.23% is water.


benefits of vitex agnus

One of the benefits of Vitex Chasteberry Tree is that it can help to lessen the bleeding. Many reviews of Vitex Chasteberry tree reveal that there are a number of Vitex Chasteberry benefits. For women suffering from the unpleasant side effects of hormonal imbalance the Chasteberry benefits can be wonderful. Read below for more information about the Benefits of Vitex Agnus Castus.

Benefits of Vitex

Benefits of Vitex There are many Vitex Chasteberry benefits that women can expect. In fact Vitex Chasteberry benefits have been known about in the region where it grows for many years. It is only recently that Vitex Chasteberry benefits have been known in more widespread locations. Different compounds in Vitex Agnus Castus mean that the Chasteberry benefits are not only limited to helping women with their menopausal signs and symptoms. Vitex contains compounds that have an indirect effect on the pituitary glands, causing more progesterone hormones to be secreted. It is this effect that makes Chasteberry benefits so strong. However Vitex Chasteberry benefits are not only limited to hormonal imbalance problems. Chasteberry Tree is also beneficial for women's overall health levels. Benefits of Using Vitex Vitex Agnus Castus is a plant that grows in the hot sun of the Mediterranean region. In this area people have been eating Vitex Chasteberry Tree to help them overcome their unpleasant signs and symptoms of hormonal imbalance for many years. However in recent times Vitex Chasteberry Tree has become more widely available in drugstores in the USA. As a consequence it has become increasingly popular among menopausal women hoping to combat their hormonal imbalance. Vitex Chasteberry Tree contains compounds that have an effect on the pituitary glands. They raise the number of luteinizing hormones being produced and reduce the number of follicle stimulating hormones being produced. This then has a carry on effect of causing the number of progesterone hormones in the body to rise, which then helps with hormonal imbalance. Vitex Agnus Castus can be taken in a number of different ways. Women can drink it as a juice or a cider, eat it as garnish, or take it in a capsule form. Whichever way women choose to have their Vitex Chasteberry Tree the benefits are equally good. Overall Health Benefits Vitex Chasteberry Tree has many health benefits that women can expect after taking it. This is because Vitex Agnus Castus prompts the pituitary glands to increase their production of progesterone hormones. This is important for women suffering from estrogen dominance because having balanced hormones is vital for the health. For example having a dominance of estrogen hormones can result in many side effects, such as: breast tenderness, a loss of libido, and weight gain. Thus balanced hormones have a positive effect on many aspects of women's lives, such as:. Helping women to keep an even weight, . Keeping the skin clear, . Allowing for undisturbed sleeping, . Prevents mood imbalance, . Boost nutrition, . And preventing illnesses such as the common cold, headaches, and nausea. Vitex Chasteberry Tree really works for women looking to benefit from overall better health. Having balanced progesterone and estrogen hormone levels is important for women who want to stay in good shape. Specific Benefits Related to some Ailments Not only is Vitex Agnus Castus good for women's overall health, Chasteberry Tree also has specific health benefits for women. Vitex Chasteberry reviews have shown that the plant can specifically target a number of hormonal imbalance illnesses, such as: PMS Pre menstrual tension can make life for young women incredibly difficult. However Vitex Agnus Castus has been proven in German scientific studies to help women overcome the unpleasant signs and symptoms of PMS. Breast Pain When Vitex Agnus Castus enters the system it has a direct influence on the pituitary glands, indirectly causing them to increase their production of progesterone hormones. This is vital in reliving breast pain, which is effected by an imbalance of hormones. Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome Polycystic ovarian syndrome has many unpleasant signs and symptoms, such as severe stomach cramps. However, one of the benefits of Vitex Chasteberry Tree is that its hormone balancing abilities help it to ease the unpleasant symptoms of PCOS. Menopause Menopause is an unpleasant time when women may experience a number of unpleasant signs and symptoms, such as: hot flashes, night sweats, vaginal dryness, and weight gain. However many of these side effects can be helped when women take Vitex Chasteberry Tree. Uterine Fibroids Additionally one of the Vitex Chasteberry benefits is that it can help women to control the unpleasant bleeding from uterine fibroids.

Which herb should women try? Today women are looking for relief from their menopause symptoms with herbs. Phytoestrogenic herbs and non-estrogenic herbs are good in relieving menopause symptoms, but recent studies show that non-estrogenic herbs have no side effects because they help the body to produce its own hormones instead of introducing hormones like the phytoestrogenic ones. Learn more about non-estrogenic herbs for menopause.


how much is it to spay a cat

The cost of neutering usually ranges from $50 to $100. The cost of spaying, which is more complicated, usually ranges from $100 to $200. The cost of neutering and spaying vary by geographic region and even by veterinarian.

Cat Spay or Neuter Cost

"Cost Helper > Pets & Pet Care > Cat Spay or Neuter Cat Spay or Neuter Cost How Much Does Cat Spay or Neuter Cost? Neutering: $50-$100 Spaying: $100-$200E-mail Post Tweet Comments (54)Typical costs:

Related articles: Cat Declawing, Owning a Cat, Buying a Cat What should be included: Neutering benefits include: reduced desire to roam, fight and mark territory. Spaying benefits include: reduced risk of mammary cancer if spaying is done at an early age, as well as prevention of urine marking and heat cycles. Veterinary Partner.com [ 1] offers an overview of the benefits of neutering and spaying. Additional costs: Most veterinarians offer the option of pre-anesthesia blood work, to make sure the liver and kidneys are working properly, for about $40. It can cost $25 to $30 extra to spay a female who is overweight or in hea

t. It can cost $50 to $100 or more extra to spay a pregnant cat, depending on the stage of pregnancy. Laser surgery sometimes is available for spaying or neutering, at an added cost of $30 to $50 or more.

Discounts: Most shelters and humane societies include the cost of neutering or spaying in the adoption

fee. In some cases, it is possible to obtain low-cost neuter or spay services, where a veterinarian offers services at a reduced rate or where a clinic, shelter or local government subsidizes the cost, which can be as low as $20 for neutering or $30 for spaying.

Spay/USA [ 2] provides referrals for low-cost spay and neuter. Shopping for cat spay or neuter: To find a good veterinarian, ask fellow cat owners, breeders or humane associations. Or, check the American Veterinary Medical Association [ 3] to find your state's veterinary medical association for a referral. Ask the veterinarian how long he or she has been practicing, and how much continuing education he or she receives each year. Then, visit the clinic to look at cleanliness and attitude and ask about policies and prices. Veterinary Partner.com offers a guide on how to find a veterinarian [ 4] and a list of questions to ask [ 5] . E-mail Post Tweet Comments (54)Cost Helper News10 Most Popular Cosmetic Procedures Before the Holidays With reunions and other get-togethers scheduled during the holiday season, most people want to look their best at this time of year. For some, that means filling in those wrinkles with a bit of botox, or having a nip and tuck down here and there.|| Posted November 23 2013And the Best Bacon Is... This little piggy went to market. After that, Consumer Reports bought samples and tasted to determine which little piggy offered the best bacon. Top honors go to Costco, it turns out.|| Posted October 5 2013‣ All Cost Helper Blog Posts What People Are Paying - Recent Comments Page 2 of 2 - << Previous 1 2Male cat neutering Amount: $200.00Posted by: Sad and Outraged in Sheboygan, WI. Posted: January 3rd, 2018 04:01AMBreed: feral Type of Procedure: neuter Two wild little kittens roamed on my property with their mom and sibling and needed acute care. All told, the cost to treat them both was over $2000. Now they need neutering and each kitten will cost over 200+, no frills. Who can afford to help a poor kitten in need? Prices were fair just a few years ago. This is something fairly recent and it's going to damage the indu$try - which it has clearly turned into. Only the wealthy or the poor will be able to afford health care for pets. Was this post helpful to you? yes no Report prohibited or spamneutering Amount: $200.00Posted by: des in Canton, OH. Posted: August 22nd, 2017 09:08AMBreed: short hair Type of Procedure: neutered Wow these prices are outrageous. I have a full grown male and a new cat of unknown age also a male. My older cat had all his shots and general check up and nails trimm

ed. I had the new cat neutered (pain meds, surgery, blood work, wormed, stitches out) all shots. For all was less than 200.00. I went to boo's regular vet. I have to say wow again. I'm a good mommy and believe in keeping my cat (s) healthy but 90% of these costs quoted I wouldn't be able to afford. YEAAAAAAA for a vet that cares not one out for the bucks.

Was this post helpful to you? yes no Report prohibited or spam Vets are too MUCH!!! !Amount: $30.00Posted by: Grumpy Kitten in Mooresville, NC. Posted: February 9th, 2017 07:02PMBreed: Short Hair Type of Procedure: Spay3 vets quoted me $390.00 - $411.00 to simply spay my 6 month old female kitten. I was completely floored. No wonder people don't have thier animals fixed, it's outragous. I called Humane Society and they charged me $35.00 and included pain meds. $20.00 to spay an $10.00 for Rabies shot because she needed it. People please call Local Shelters, Humane Society or Clinics that offer. The early drop off is worth the price of fixing your babies. They offer shots, wellness check ups and other services that are very affordable, usual prices are between $10.00 - $80.00. Vets charge way too much. So unless its for major surgery or something the clinics can't offer, I will never go to my local vets again. Was this post helpful to you? yes no Report prohibited or spam Spay of kitten Amount: $405.00Posted by: Merlindbear in Atlanta, GA. Posted: December 20th, 2016 10:12AMBreed: Domestic Short Hair Type of Procedure: Spay Just got my kitten back from her spay. While I was expecting the bill to be around 200$ I was floored to find out that it was over $400. This is the first kitten I've had spayed in quite a while, as the last was a neuter about 2 years ago. Unfortunately, I didn't check into prices before the procedure, and I should have, as I found the Humane Society will do spays for $50 and $35 for income assisted. Will I be going back to this vet? No. I wasn't given an estimate prior to the procedure, which would have alerted me to check other vets and surgery options. And they acted like they were the cheapest I could find. Never again. Was this post helpful to you? yes no Report prohibited or spammiledy.biz Amount: $0.00Posted by: Shaminique in Suva, LA. Posted: November 9th, 2016 05:11PMBreed: miledy.biz Type of Procedure: Fiji There are plenty of reasons to spay and neuter your pets. Yes, having your pet fixed prevents unwanted litters. But there are many other incentives as well, including your pet s health and happiness. Was this post helpful to you? yes no Report prohibited or spam Cost of neutering two males Amount: $430.00Posted by: Gordon G Geise II in Hyattsville, DC. Posted: September 27th, 2016 02:09PMBreed: DSH Type of Procedure: Neutering Actually quite appalled at being charged $430 for neutering two healthy 6-m.o. males. Was this post helpful to you? yes no Report prohibited or spam Cat spay Amount: $470.00Posted by: a user in Boothbay, ME. Posted: July 24th, 2016 02:07PMBreed: Coon Type of Procedure: Spay Mabe thats why people dont/cant get there animals fixed!Was this post helpful to you? yes no Report prohibited or spam Cat heart scan Amount: $500.00Posted by: Shirley cosby in Urbana, IL. Posted: July 17th, 2016 07:07AMBreed: Persian Type of Procedure: Heart scan I was given Lilly at a cat show , as she had lost two litters , she told me I would have to spay her, Since having her it has cost me 2.000 . She had stage 4 heart murmur and really bad womb . Never take an animal from a breeder . We need more vets like Dr Jeff in CO. The cost are deplorable Was this post helpful to you? yes no Report prohibited or spam Hillside Pet Clinic in Anchorage, AKAmount: $713.79Posted by: a user in Anchorage, AK. Posted: April 4th, 2016 07:04PMBreed: domestic short hair Type of Procedure: spay Took my cat to Hillside Pet Clinic even though they had a steep quote of 457.75. Only because I didn't want to drive across town. Once I had her back at the house for 20 minutes or so I noticed her stomach opened up. I rushed her back down to be fixed up. they charged me an additional 256.04. They claimed she chewed out the suture while her cone was still on. I was watching he all except the drive home, and I didn't see anything even close to that. They put the soft cone on to begin with. I'm not happy. Was this post helpful to you? yes no Report prohibited or spam Cost to Spay in MTAmount: $172.00Posted by: Trisha1112 in Great Falls, MT. Posted: March 9th, 2016 09:03AMBreed: Calico Type of Procedure: Spay I made an appointment to spay my 4 month old kitten with the vet that she has received all her shots from. The cost of the spaying was $142.00 and we opted to do the protein test for an extra $30.00 which I was told tested to make sure she had enough protein in her body for anesthesia. Was this post helpful to you? yes no Report prohibited or spam Minnesota nice Amount: $120.00Posted by: Pleased with service in Hinckley, MN. Posted: January 6th, 2016 03:01AMBreed: Stray cat Type of Procedure: Spay and boosters Bill of $120 today included $90 for spay plus her final booster shots. This is 2016 but site calendar ends in 2014? Was this post helpful to you? yes no Report prohibited or spam Cat Neuter Quote Amount: $526.80Posted by: The New Poor in Middleburg in Middleburg, VA. Posted: December 11th, 2015 09:12AMBreed: short haired kitty Type of Procedure: neuter I was quoted $526.80 for a neuter including blood work, anesthesia, pain meds—everything. Was this post helpful to you? yes no Report prohibited or spam Cost in Westminster MAAmount: $574.00Posted by: jnoeding in Westminster, MA. Posted: October 15th, 2015 08:10AMBreed: short hair Type of Procedure: spay We found Blue on our wedding day a couple of months back and just a couple of days ago decided to have her spayed. I love our vet but the bill was $574.00! I wish I realized before taking her there that other options are available, I feel like we could have saved at least $300.00 if we shopped around. On the bright side, she is perfectly healthy and the vet did do an amazing job. Was this post helpful to you? yes no Report prohibited or spamcat spay Amount: $65.00Posted by: Gramma Mom in Heathsville, VA. Posted: August 24th, 2015 05:08PMBreed: rescue Type of Procedure: surgery When I found this cat by the side of the road June 10 she had ingested rat poison, weighed 3 pounds, no hair, just skin & bones; vet's been treating all that plus lung worms; found no scar so opened her to spay her,found she had been spayed already. So he charged 1/2 price. I love my vet! (Cat now about 6 pounds & hairy & happy! )Was this post helpful to you? yes no Report prohibited or spamneutering and umbilicle hernia repair Amount: $865.00Posted by: stormi in phoenix, AZ. Posted: August 5th, 2015 11:08AMBreed: siamese x Type of Procedure: cat neuter hernia repair I am a 63 year old widow. I live on a very limited income and I was given gizmo to take the place of my dog that had just passed away recently. I worked for a veterinarian for quite some time in my younger days and I wasn't too concerned about the hernia that I knew would need some surgery before long. so I took ""gizmo"" in for an exam and estimates and I was going to make an appt. for the surgery that day but when he came at me with the 865.00 I couldn't believe my eyes and he was in know way interested in me making payments so it looks like my kitten isn't going to get what he needs simply because I cant afford it but I am going to keep trying. wish us luck. Was this post helpful to you? yes no Report prohibited or spam1 puppy neutered Amount: $50.00Posted by: Pleasantly surprised in lakeland fl in Lakeland, FL. Posted: March 25th, 2015 08:03PMBreed: Type of Procedure: Neuter I had my 10 week old Shi-Poo Puppy neutered at a Pet clinic in Lakeland Fla called TLC Pet Snip, I paid 50.00 for the neuter & an extra 5$ for the E-Collar, the staff were friendly & kept me very informed & the place was clean,,altho they didn't do any pre-op blood work I'm very pleased with the outcome Was this post helpful to you? yes no Report prohibited or spamdisheartened Amount: $140.16Posted by: yoyo in nimitz, WV. Posted: December 2nd, 2014 08:12PMBreed: lab Type of Procedure: spay/abortion I thought my beautiful black lab was having a false pregnancy. No milk and couldn't feel anything in belly. I took her in to get spayed at the vet next door and they did it. She was pregnant with 9 puppies, due in less than 2 weeks, and they still spayed her and gave a ""solution"" to make sure the puppies would stay dead. I was upset, but it was for the best as she was extremely underweight and wouldn't have been able to deliver them. After all this, the original cost would have been 150 and something plus a 30% off coupon I obtained fromthe animal shelter which wowould've made it 100$ or so. Not too bad especially when you get the 50$ spay/neuter deposit back from shelter after its done. Poor dog. Was this post helpful to you? yes no Report prohibited or spam1 Spay + 1 Neuter Amount: $1,300.00Posted by: Ripped off in Merrifield in Fairfax, VA. Posted: November 24th, 2014 07:11AMBreed: Cats Type of Procedure: Spay and Neuter Two abandoned kittens showed up and we decided to adopt them. The first visit for physicals, deworming, shots, etc was $250-300 EACH! A short time later the vet decided we needed to ""fix"" them both, so we dropped them off one morning. When we picked them up we were VERY surprised (it feels like ""ambushed"") with a $1300 bill. The only extra we asked for was for both to be chipped, which was $65 each. I love the kittens but have to say they will be our last pets. Also, I'll be changing vets to find one that is a little more up-front with estimates. Was this post helpful to you? yes no Report prohibited or spam Cost to Neuter 11 mo. Springer male Amount: $540.00Posted by: Just north of Boston MA in Danvers, MA. Posted: July 22nd, 2014 04:07PMBreed: Eng Springer Spaniel Type of Procedure: Simple Neutering I shopped around for neuter prices and was stunned that if you are low income or adopt from a certain shelter your costs could be as low as $140-ZERO. Otherwise prices are estimated at $450-$700. this includes the pre-surgical pain injection, anesthesia, surgical procedure and pain pill for home. And this wasn't laser either. I'm from the Midwest and vets back home don't charge like this. In fact, I don't really see better vet care here either. I don't believe this simple procedure requires fees like this. Maybe that's why the in-store vaccination program line on Sundays at Petco are so long - who can afford routine animal care? Was this post helpful to you? yes no Report prohibited or spam Male Kitten almost 4 months neuter and laser declaw Amount: $241.20Posted by: catmama in Davenport, IA. Posted: May 13th, 2013 04:05PMBreed: domestic short Type of Procedure: neuter and laser declaw Neuter was $70.05 and laser front declaw $171.15. Declaw may go by age/weight as they did note that. The bill says the price includes exam, pre-op blood work, anesthesia and monitoring, surgery costs, nail trim hospitalization and pain meds. I just had the required basic blood work. They offered extra blood work in the $50 and $70 range, but really didn't push it. They kept him overnight and sent home syringes with pain meds. They also called a few days later to check on him. If anyone is in the Quad City area on the IL/IA border, I highly recommend Kimberly Pine Veterinary Hospital. Was this post helpful to you? yes no Report prohibited or spam Spay New Kitten Amount: $270.13Posted by: marlow in Copperas Cove, TX. Posted: February 12th, 2013 05:02PMBreed: domestic short Type of Procedure: spay, shots, etc I was floored when I got the final bill. I was originally told $160. I went back to look at previous vet vaccinations and the neuter on one of the other 2 cats we have, and the fees were roughly the same with exception to the actual procedure. Spaying is more complicated, and of course, we dont want the pet in pain, so it was worth it. Wont be getting anymore pets though. Was this post helpful to you? yes no Report prohibited or spam Neutering through TEAMAmount: $80.00Posted by: Terriberri506 in Hartford, CT. Posted: January 14th, 2013 01:01PMBreed: Male domestic shorthair Type of Procedure: Neuter TEAM, Tait's Ever Animal Matters has a mobile spay/neuter service. $80 for neutering, rabies and distemper vax, nail clipping, brief exam and er mite treatment if needed.rnrn I highly recommend heir service. Was this post helpful to you? yes no Report prohibited or spam Neutered Cat Amount: $0.00Posted by: Rakehell in New York, NY. Posted: January 8th, 2013 10:01AMBreed: Manx Type of Procedure: Neuter

Prices ranged from $200-$400 to neuter a male cat at a vet's office. The ASPCA does it for $125, while The Toby Project will neuter your cat for free if you can't afford it.

Was this post helpful to you? yes no Report prohibited or spamspay of kitten Amount: $409.00Posted by: janeinmia in Miami, FL. Posted: November 27th, 2012 06:11AMBreed: tabby Type of Procedure: spay My vet just quoted me $409 for spaying, PLUS meds. I almost fainted! In the past, I've gotten very high end care for $100, which I'm willing to do again.rnrn People have commented to me how expensive my vet is but I never knew what they were talking about till now.rnrn I'm looking around for a lower cost. Was this post helpful to you? yes no Report prohibited or spam FLOORED by the bill Amount: $515.00Posted by: a user in Orrington, ME. Posted: November 12th, 2012 01:11PMBreed: Maine Coon mix Type of Procedure: Spay My husband took our 6 month old Maine Coon mix kitten in to be spayed today. They presented him with an ESTIMATE of the bill, showing approx. $500 for the whole rigamarole -- pre-procedure blood work, the procedure, anesthesia, etc. I just got off the phone with him, and the bill was, including having our Golden Retriever's fatty lumps checked, $575! We have a male cat who is neutered and a female cat who is recently deceased -- it has NEVER cost that much to have our animals fixed! We love our vet, all of the people working there have been fantastic to us, but THIS is ridiculous!Was this post helpful to you? yes no Report prohibited or spam Neutering and spaying of cats and dog Amount: $375.00Posted by: Shirley Jane robinson in Mahopac, NY. Posted: May 4th, 2011 12:05PMBreed: Domestic Type of Procedure: Spay I would like to make a comment, it is advantageous to have your animals fixed, but why are vets so greedy, when I want my cat spayed I just want her spayed not with extras that the vet adds on. Was this post helpful to you? yes no Report prohibited or spam Operation Pets Amount: $65.00Posted by: Jessica82 in blasdell, NY. Posted: April 10th, 2011 11:04AMBreed: female kitten Type of Procedure: spayprice includes up to date Vaccines . If you want to add flea treatment it's another $10 and i highly recommend it because your pet is going to be around a lot of other animals on the day of surgery who may have fleas. You drop off your pet in the morning and pick them up in the evening. They are very friendly and clean. You must be a low income household however to qualify for this pay/neuter program. Was this post helpful to you? yes no Report prohibited or spammittens Amount: $10.00Posted by: Mittens and Ollies Mommy! in jonesborough, TN. Posted: March 16th, 2011 10:03AMBreed: mainecoone, bobcat mix Type of Procedure: spay Call your local animal shelter. I had my cat spayed at 9 weeks old. She came home the same day and she got her distemper and rabies and my bill was only 10.00 :)Was this post helpful to you? yes no Report prohibited or spam I wish I was on welfare Amount: $56.00Posted by: Jamiein NH in Barrington, NH. Posted: February 25th, 2011 04:02PMBreed: Lab mix Type of Procedure: Spay I got an estimate to spay my 5 year old dog for $836.50... What a joke, if I didnt have a job and was collecting welfare I could get it done for free...this country is really screwed up! !Was this post helpful to you? yes no Report prohibited or spamoutrageous spaying costs Amount: $470.00Posted by: chrisaria in Alexandria, VA. Posted: February 23rd, 2011 03:02PMBreed: cat Type of Procedure: spaying A homeless cat adopted us, just showing up in our back yard before Christmas. Now we took her to the vet, apparently she has not been spayed yet. I was a bit shocked that a spaying procedure would be 470 $! Isn't that an outragous rip off. That vet can't count on my business. Was this post helpful to you? yes no Report prohibited or spam Spaying a 10 month old healthy cat Amount: $400.00Posted by: Diane G in Hudson, MA. Posted: February 23rd, 2011 08:02AMBreed: Type of Procedure: Spay Hudson Aniimal Hospital. Refused to quote a price before the office visit. I took her in for an office visit 2 weeks ago to have her vaccinated for rabies and distemper cost - $109.00. Dr would not give me a price and told me to call back. I called today, a week before the scheduled procedure and was quoted $400.00 - $500.00 and was told they were doing me a 'favor' by not charging for an office visit before the procedure. Needless to say I have cancelled the appointment. Buyer beware. Was this post helpful to you? yes no Report prohibited or spam Cat Neutering Procedure Amount: $350.00Posted by: Cat Lover in Jacksonville, FL. Posted: January 18th, 2011 03:01AMBreed: domestic medium hair male Type of Procedure: neuter The procedure itself was around $50.00. It's the other ""recommended"" items that add up. Plus, since he was a ""stray"", he had worms, fleas and ear mites, so the treat them cost more... Was this post helpful to you? yes no Report prohibited or spam Page 2 of 2 - << Previous 1 2Comment On Your Experience With Cat Spay or Neuter Subject: *Amount Spent: *Breed: Type of Procedure: Comments: Purchased: Year: City: * State: *Information about you: Email: * Email addresses are not displayed. Name: This is the name we'll display with your post. Remember me on this computer*=required field. External Resources:www.veterinarypartner.com/Content.plx? P=A&S=0&C=0&A=152www.spayusa.org/search.phpwww.avma.org/advocacy/stateandlocal/statevma/pages/default.aspxwww.veterinarypartner.com/Content.plx? P=A&A=475&S=1&EVet ID=0www.veterinarypartner.com/Content.plx? P=A&C=222&A=1631&S=1More Pets & Pet Care Topics Check Out All Costs for Pets & Pet Care How Much Does a Horse Cost? How Much Does Cat Food Cost? How Much Do Fish Cost? Search Thousands of Topics on Cost Helper.com How much does cost? Today's Featured Cost Articles The price of a ""Forever"" stamp increases to 50 cents on January 21, 2018. What would a personal trainer cost to reach those New Years resolutions? Need help uncovering your driveway? You may need a snow removal service. A space heater can keep you warm on chilly December nights. Need someone to take care of the kids while you hit the mall for all those sales? About Cost Helper Cost Helper is based in Silicon Valley and provides consumers with unbiased price information about thousands of goods and services. Our writers are experienced journalists who adhere to our strict editorial ethics policy. Cost Helper Community Sliced finger opened Paid: 400.00 So a coworker sliced his finger opened whilst he was cutting veggies... [more]-Megaman Emergency Room Visit Cost2013 VW Tiguan Panoramic Sunroof Paid: 0.00 I got my Tiguan as a trade in on my diesel VW Jetta. 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what is the function of the platelets

Platelets are specialized cells that are important components of blood. The primary function of platelets is to prevent excessive internal or external bleeding after an injury. Platelets help to temporarily seal off the site of a wound by breaking away from other platelets and sticking to the exposed, damaged edges of blood vessels.

What is the Primary Platelet Function?

The process by which platelets stop adhere to vessel walls to stop bleeding is known as hemostasis. When an individual experiences an abnormally high or low platelet count due to one of several blood disorders, emergency conditions such as hemorrhaging or excessive clotting can result. Compared to red and white blood cells, platelets are very small and light. When blood flows through a vessel, the lightweight platelets are forced to the perimeter of the blood stream, where they surround the other blood cells and make contact with the vessel walls. Normally, platelets slide easily along these walls, which are known as the endothelium. When a cut, puncture, scrape, or internal injury causes the endothelium to tear apart, however, the platelets work to clot the blood and prevent it from continually exiting the wound. Ad The primary platelet function is to stick to exposed endothelial cells, providing a barrier against excessive blood loss. Platelets first break apart from one another and adhere to the exposed areas, where they bind with a chemical called fibrinogen. This synthesis creates the protein fibrin, which forms a tiny, almost threadlike boundary that keeps blood from flowing through the wound. The seal created by fibrin eventually dries and hardens, leaving a scab or bruise. Many different vitamins and minerals are important to ensure effective platelet function and fibrin synthesis, including calcium, vitamin A, and vitamin K. Blood clotting is an absolutely essential process in preventing potentially serious or even life-threatening conditions. Abnormal platelet function can contribute to thrombosis, which is excessive clotting, or hemorrhaging, a drastic loss of blood through an exposed wound. Hemostasis can be disrupted when certain congenital or acquired conditions affect platelet function or production. An individual with an unusually high platelet count, a condition known as thrombocytosis, is at risk of excessive blood clotting in the extremities or the brain. Clots obstruct blood flow and prevent oxygen from entering the brain, which can lead to strokes or permanent brain damage. A low platelet count, called thrombocytopenia, can cause hemorrhaging, and spontaneous bleeding from the skin or nose. When thrombocytosis or thrombocytopenia is detected in time, doctors can prescribe medications and treat underlying causes to restore normal platelet function. Ad You might also Like Recommended Related wise GEEK Articles What are Platelets? What Are the Causes of Thrombocytopenia? What is Thrombocytosis? What is Fibrin? What are the Dangers of Large Platelets? What is a Platelet Factor? What is Involved in Platelet Production? Ad Discuss this Article Early Forest Post 3@Stream Finder -- I'm not a doctor, but from what I understand, there are a few different types of platelet function disorders. They can fail to adhere to one another, for instance, in the case of Bernard-Soulier Syndrome, or they can fail to secrete properly. This is called Gray Platelet Syndrome, and usually shows up as a long bleeding time, and a low platelet count. Among other things, platelet disorders can be acquired as side effects of medication, or because of certain diseases. In fact, some antibiotics can cause the platelets to malfunction, as can antidepressants and some blood thinners. Finally, kidney disease and leukemia can be cause platelet disorders. Stream Finder Post 2What are some of the more common types of platelet function disorders? My sister is going in for a platelet function analysis test soon and I'm trying to get as much information as possible before that time. Thank you!pharmchick78Post 1In the case of a suspected compromise in platelet function, doctors often perform a platelet function assay. Also known as a platelet function test, the doctors draw a small amount of blood, and then put it through a platelet function analyzer. This analysis can help in diagnosing any number of conditions, including thrombocytosis, anemia, and in rare cases, certain cancers. Post your comments Post Anonymously Loginusernamepasswordforgot password? Registerusernamepasswordconfirmemail


define eurasia

: Define Eurasia Eurasia Eurasia is of major geographic and geologic significance. It is also important to the history of human civilization. Answer and Explanation: Eurasia is a landmass that consists of the continents of Asia and Europe. It measures over 21 million square miles. Some geographers and geologists consider the division of Europe into its own continent to be due to historic and cultural factors rather than scientific ones. Russia is the largest country in Eurasia.

Define Eurasia

Define Eurasia Question

Climates in Eurasia range from tropical to arctic. Learn more about this topic: Europe & Eurasia: Geography of the Land Massfrom World History: Middle School Chapter 14 / Lesson 14.6KRelated to this Question Related Answers Related Lessons Related Courses What are the national symbols of Hong Kong? What is a suburbanised village? What is an alderman? What are the national symbols of North Korea? Become a member and unlock all Study Answers Try it free for 5 days!Start free trial Ask a question Our experts can answer your tough homework and study questions. Ask a question Search Answers Explore our homework questions and answer library Search Browse Browse by subject Ask a Homework Question Tutors available Our tutors are standing by Ask a study question and one of our experts will send you an answer within hours. Already a member? Login here Drop photo or image here to upload or select file Get Answer Don't show this screen again By submitting, I am agreeing to the Terms of Use and Honor Code


what are the three monetary policy tools of the fed

The Fed has three main tools at its disposal to influence monetary policy: Open Market Operations The Fed constantly buys and sells U. S. government securities in the financial markets, which in turn influences the level of reserves in the banking system.

The Federal Reserve: Monetary Policy

The term monetary policy refers to the actions the Fed takes in pursuit of price stability, maximum employment and moderate long-term interest rates. For example, the Fed uses monetary policy to control inflation and keep average prices stable. Normally, the Federal Open Market Committee sets monetary policy by choosing an interest rate. (For related reading, see What Methods Can the Government Use to Control Inflation? )The Toolbox

These decisions also affect the volume and the price of credit (interest rates). The term open market means that the Fed doesn't independently decide which securities dealers it will do business with on a particular day. Rather, the choice emerges from an open market where the various primary securities dealers compete. Open market operations are the most frequently employed tool of monetary policy. Setting the Discount Rate The discount rate is the interest rate that banks pay on short-term loans from a Federal Reserve Bank. The rate is usually lower than the federal funds rate, although they are closely related. The discount rate is important because it’s a visible announcement of change in the Fed's monetary policy and it gives the rest of the market insight into the Fed's plans. The Federal Open Market Committee meets eight times a year to set the fed funds rate. Setting Reserve Requirements The Fed sets reserve requirements that specify the amount of physical funds that depository institutions are required to hold in reserve against deposits in bank accounts. The Fed also determines how much money banks can create through loans and investments. The Board of Governors has sole authority over changes in reserve requirements. Effective Jan. 1, 2018, the requirement is a reserve of 10% of deposits for banks with more than $115.1 million on deposit, and a reserve of 3% for banks with $115.1 million or less, but more than $15.5. The Federal Funds Rate The use of open-market operations is the most important tool for manipulating monetary policy. The Fed's goal in buying and selling U. S. government securities is to affect the federal funds rate – the rate at which banks borrow reserves from each other. The Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC) sets a target – or target range – for this rate, but not the actual rate itself (that’s determined by the open market). The target is what news reports are referring to when they talk about the Fed lowering or raising interest rates. All banks are subject to reserve requirements, but they frequently fall below requirements in carrying out day-to-day business. To meet requirements, they have to borrow from each other's reserves. This creates a market in reserve funds, with banks borrowing and lending as needed at the federal funds rate. The federal funds rate is important because by increasing or decreasing it, over time, the Fed can impact nearly every other interest rate charged by U. S. banks. The FOMC uses its control of the federal funds rate “to promote effectively the goals of maximum employment, stable prices and moderate long-term interest rates” as mandated in the Federal Reserve Act . The Federal Reserve: The FOMC Rate Meeting


how much pocket money for a week in singapore

ia. Andy and I averaged US$169.03 per day, or about US$84.51 per person per day for four days traveling in Singapore. When planning a visit to Singapore, think European or US prices, not Southeast Asia prices. You might also enjoy: How Much We Spent Traveling in Southeast Asia for Two Months

May 19, 2014How Much We Spent Traveling in Singapore Ali Real Travel Budgets Singapore, southeast Asia 0Singapore is expensive, there’s no way around it. But it’s a great place to ease your way into traveling in Southeast Asia if you’ve never been there. It’s also an easy airport to get to from other parts of the world, so even if you’re going somewhere else in the region, it’s worth considering spending a few days here before flying to your final destination. Andy and I spent three nights in there at the beginning of our trip and one more night at the end. Here’s a look at how much we spent traveling in Singapore. Total Singapore Spending Expenses are listed in Singapore dollars (S$) and US dollars. I’m using S$1.25 per US$1 as the exchange rate since our two stops there were seven weeks apart and the exchange rate changed. S$459.84 / US$367.87 – accommodation S$51.80 / US$41.44 – transportation S$226.65 / US$181.32 – food and alcohol S$78 / US$62.40 – activities S$28.85 / US$23.08 – miscellaneous S$845.14 / US$676.11 – total This does not include our round trip flights from Zurich to Singapore which cost 1,590€ or about US$2,194, our flights from Singapore to Phnom Penh, Cambodia which cost 96€ or about US$132.50, our bus tickets from Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia to Singapore which cost 90 ringgit or about $27.45, and our train tickets from Freiburg to the Zurich airport and back which cost 56.80€ or about US$78.38. Accommodation spending – $367.87As I mentioned, Singapore is expensive, and accommodation is the area that hurts the most. Figuring out where to stay in Singapore is tricky. We looked at private rooms in hostels, but the prices weren’t any better than budget hotels and usually had shared bathrooms, which wasn’t worth it to us without a savings. To make matters worse, since space is at such a premium in this tiny country, the hotel rooms are equally small. We ended up with twin beds in the hotel we stayed in for the first three nights, and they were so bad I woke up sore. The hotel we stayed in our last night was nice but so tiny I could barely walk between the end of the bed and the wall to get in and out of the bed. It did have a nice rooftop pool though. For four nights, we averaged $91.97 per night, or $45.98 per person per night. No, we did not stay at this hotel. Transportation spending – $41.44Public transportation in Singapore is wonderful. Like the rest of the country, it’s organized, air conditioned, modern, efficient and clean. Before we left the airport we saw a ticket counter and asked about transport passes. A three day pass cost S$20 (US$16) per person. We just had to buy singles to get back to the airport to fly to Cambodia (since it was day four and our passes had expired). We also bought two single tickets each at the end of our trip. Food and alcohol spending – $181.32Singapore has tons of amazing food options. There are hawker centers scattered all around the city where you can find cheap and delicious food, but there are also lots of expensive upscale restaurants as well as American chains. We mostly stuck to hawkers and other inexpensive options during our first three days there, but we splurged a little at the end of the trip. To give you a better idea of what food costs, we spent US$106.80 during our first three days there. We spent US$74.52 during our final 30 hours in Singapore because we ate at Chili’s, Subway, and Starbucks, plus some snacks for the flight. We only had one beer each one night during our time in Singapore. Overall for four days, we averaged $45.33 per day, or $22.67 per person per day. Activities spending – $62.40The only activity we spent money on in Singapore was the Night Safari. Tickets are S$39, or US$31.20, per adult. It’s a little pricey but well worth it.>> Book tickets to the Night Safari Zoo here. Miscellaneous spending – $23.08We didn’t buy any real souvenirs in Singapore, but Andy needed flip-flops at the beginning of our trip. I used our remaining Singapore dollars to buy Tiger Balm at the airport, and we paid for showers at the Singapore airport right before our 13 hour flight. Don’t expect Singapore to be as cheap as the rest of Southeast Asia. If you’re willing to stay in hostel dorms, you can save money on accommodation. Food can be inexpensive if you stick to the hawkers and don’t splurge on western chains. However, there’s a lot to see here and it’s a convenient starting point for a trip to Southeast As

How Much We Spent Traveling in Thailand How Much We Spent Traveling in Cambodia Or check out more real travel budget posts I use the Trail Wallet – Travel Budget & Expense Tracker app on my i Phone to track our expenses, and I really love how helpful it is. I even use it to track my spending at home. I definitely recommend it if you’re looking for an easy way to track your travel expenses. Pin 33 Share 19 Tweet +1 Stumble52


what is physical therapy on an overuse syndrome?

Welcome to Peak Performance Physical Therapy's patient resource about Iliotibial Band Syndrome. Iliotibial band (ITB) syndrome is an overuse problem that is often seen in bicyclists, runners, and long-distance walkers. It causes pain on the outside of the knee just above the joint. It rarely gets so bad that it requires surgery, but it can be very bothersome.

Introduction Physical Therapy in Baton Rouge for Knee

The discomfort may keep athletes and other active people from participating in the activities they enjoy. This article will help you understand:how ITB syndrome developshow the condition causes problemswhat treatment options are available Anatomy What is the ITB, and what does it do? The ITB is actually a long tendon. (Tendons connect muscles to bone.) It attaches to a short muscle at the top of the pelvis called the tensor fascia lata. The ITB runs down the side of the thigh and connects to the outside edge of the tibia (shinbone) just below the middle of the knee joint. You can feel the tendon on the outside of your thigh when you tighten your leg muscles. The ITB crosses over the side of the knee joint, giving added stability to the knee. The lower end of the ITB passes over the outer edge of the lateral femoral condyle, the area where the lower part of the femur (thighbone) bulges out above the knee joint. When the knee is bent and straightened, the tendon glides across the edge of the femoral condyle. Lateral Femoral Condyle A bursa is a fluid-filled sac that cushions body tissues from friction. These sacs are present where muscles or tendons glide against one another. A bursa rests between the femoral condyle and the ITB. Muscles or Tendons Glide Normally, this bursa lets the tendon glide smoothly back and forth over the edge of the femoral condyle as the knee bends and straightens. Related Document: Peak Performance Physical Therapy's Guide to Knee Anatomy Knee Anatomy Introduction Knee_Anatomy_01Unmute video1Playlist Sharing Knee_Anatomy_01Start Time Will Begin Momentarily This stream is currently offline Sharing Causes How does ITB syndrome develop? The ITB glides back and forth over the lateral femoral condyle as the knee bends and straightens. Normally, this isn't a problem. But the bursa between the lateral femoral condyle and the ITB can become irritated and inflamed if the ITB starts to snap over the condyle with repeated knee motions such as those from walking, running, or biking. Irritated ITBPeople often end up with ITB syndrome from overdoing their activity. They try to push themselves too far, too fast, and they end up running, walking, or biking more than their body can handle. The repeated strain causes the bursa on the side of the knee to become inflamed. Some experts believe that the problem happens when the knee bows outward. This can happen in runners if their shoes are worn on the outside edge, or if they run on slanted terrain. Others feel that certain foot abnormalities, such as foot pronation, cause ITB syndrome. (Pronation of the foot occurs when the arch flattens. )Recently, health experts have found that runners with a weakened or fatigued gluteus medius muscle in the hip are more likely to end up with ITB syndrome. This muscle controls outward movements of the hip. If the gluteus medius isn't doing its job, the thigh tends to turn inward. This makes the knee angle into a knock-kneed position. The ITB becomes tightened against the bursa on the side of the knee. This is also called a valgus deformity of the knee. People with bowed legs may also be at risk of developing ITB syndrome. The outward angle of the bowed knee makes the lateral femoral condyle more prominent and can make the snapping worse. This condition is also called a varus deformity of the knee. Symptoms What does ITB syndrome feel like? The symptons of ITB syndrome commonly begin with pain over the outside of the knee, just above the knee joint. Tenderness in this area is usually worse after activity. As the bursitis grows worse, pain may radiate up the side of the thigh and down the side of the leg. Patients sometimes report a snapping or popping sensation on the outside of the knee. Diagnosis The diagnosis of ITB syndrome can usually be made without any complicated tests. When you visit Peak Performance Physical Therapy, our Physical Therapist will take a history of the problem and ask about any other injuries that may have occurred in the past. Generally, no swelling is visible. The snapping sensation usually cannot be heard. Pain on the outside of the knee can be caused from conditions other than ITB syndrome. Our Physical Therapist will perform an examination of the knee and will look at your entire leg. You may want to bring the shoes that you use to run or walk with you to your appointment. Some patients may be referred to a doctor for further diagnosis. Once your diagnostic examination is complete, the Physical Therapists at Peak Performance Physical Therapy have treatment options that will help speed your recovery, so that you can more quickly return to your active lifestyle. Peak Performance Physical Therapy provides services for Physical Therapy in Baton Rouge. Our Treatment Non-surgical Rehabilitation Most cases of ITB syndrome can be treated with simple measures. When you begin your Physical Therapy at Peak Performance Physical Therapy, we will first use heat, ice, and ultrasound to help calm pain and inflammation. During our Physical Therapy program the problems that are causing your symptoms will be evaluated and treated. Our Physical Therapist may use stretching and strengthening exercises, in combination with a knee brace, kneecap taping, or shoe inserts to improve muscle balance and joint alignment of the hip and lower limb. Your Physical Therapist will probably ask you about your sport activities and may give you tips on your warm up and training schedule, footwear, and choices of terrain. A key element of our treatment is examining your training schedule. Your Physical Therapist can work with you to adjust the distance you run, your footwear, and the running surfaces you choose. We may recommend foot orthotics to improve your foot and lower limb alignment. Wearing orthotics in your shoes may allow you to resume normal walking immediately, but you should probably cut back on more vigorous activities for several weeks to allow the inflammation and pain to subside. Our Physical Therapist will choose strengthening and stretching exercises to correct muscle imbalances, such as weakness in the gluteus medius muscle or tightness in the ITB. Treatments such as ultrasound, friction massage, and ice may also be used to calm inflammation in the ITB. Our Physical Therapy sessions sometimes include iontophoresis, in which our Physical Therapist uses a mild electrical current to push anti-inflammatory medicine to the sore area. This treatment is especially helpful for patients who can't tolerate injections. Although recovery time varies, if your treatment is nonsurgical, you should be able to return to normal activity within four to six weeks. Post-surgical Rehabilitation If you've undergone surgery, our Physical Therapist will create a personalized plan for your rehabilitation. You will first have a period of rest, which may involve using crutches. Then we will start you on a careful and gradual exercise program. At Peak Performance Physical Therapy, our goal is to help you keep your pain under control, improve muscle and joint alignment, and return you to your sport or activity without additional problems. When your recovery is well under way, regular visits to our office will end. Although we will continue to be a resource, you will be in charge of doing your exercises as part of an ongoing home program. Peak Performance Physical Therapy provides services for Physical Therapy in Baton Rouge. Surgery Surgery is rarely needed to correct ITB problems. Surgery consists of removing the bursa and releasing, or lengthening, the ITB just enough so that the friction is reduced when the knee is bent and straightened. Portions of this document copyright MMG, LLC.


where is the county of cook

Welcome to Cook County Georgia This website is designed to bring our citizens closer to county government and to keep you informed on what is going on. To receive the latest new sign up for our email alerts. Cook County was the 153rd county formed in Georgia. It was created from Berrien County and named for General Philip Cook, who fought in both the Seminole War and the Civil War and was Georgia's Secretary of State for over 20 years. The county courthouse was constructed in 1939, one of many depression era public works projects in the state.

Welcome to Cook County Georgia

This courthouse is also listed on the National Register of Historic Buildings. Points of Interest: Another historic building, located in Adel, is the Jim Paulk-SOWEGA Building, owned by the Adel-Cook County Chamber of Commerce. The building was constructed in 1930 and originally the home office of Southwest Georgia Melon Growers Association (SOWEGA), which started in 1920 as the only cooperative association for marketing watermelons in the world. One of the first roads cut through the Wiregrass Territory ran through Cook County at Cecil. This road, known as the Coffee Road, was called for by an act of the state legislature in 1823 and was built by General John Coffee. The Coffee Road became a main thoroughfare for early settlers, who traveled to Tallahassee and the Gulf Coast for salt and other staples. Reed Bingham State Park is located in the county. The park has a variety of recreational facilities centering around a 400-acre lake, where swimming, skiing, boating, and fishing are excellent. Other facilities include campsites, nature trails, miniature golf, and picnic shelters. Some of Cook County's festivals include the Brushy Creek Muzzleloaders Spring Shoot and Rendezvous in March, the Annual Turnip Trot in November, and the Lean-Ox Festival, also in November. Public Notice Advertisement For Bid: Surface Treatment Airport Consultant Advertisement Consultant Selection - Notice of RFQPublic Notice: Bid for Pivot Irrigation System Public Notice: February 5, 2018 Meeting Cancellation Employment Opportunity: Cook County Sheriffs Office Job Announcement: Road Superintendent Human Trafficking Notice Loading Widget…E Verify # 99344 as of February 12, 2008


what causes cramping in stomach

AStomach cramps are extremely painful, but it's possible to relieve them by treating the underlying cause, which you may even be able to do at home. Possible causes of stomach cramps can come from your digestive organs, aorta, appendix, kidneys, gallbladder, or spleen. They can also originate from an infection elsewhere in your body. [1] Cramps are commonplace for some women during their menstrual cycle, although exercises can often alleviate such pain.

How to Cure Stomach Cramps

Expert Reviewed How to Cure Stomach Cramps Seven Methods: Treating Heartburn/Indigestion Treating Gas Treating Constipation Treating Menstrual Cramps Treating Stomach Flu Using Other Techniques to Relieve Discomfort Contacting Your Doctor Community Q&

The strength of pain does not always necessarily indicate seriousness: very painful cramps can be caused by gas passing through your digestive system harmlessly, whereas life-threatening conditions such as colon cancer and early appendicitis can produce mild or even no pain. [2]


alabama central credit union routing number

SAlabama Central Credit Union Website Home Page Alabama Central Credit Union Phone Number: 205-510-1300Alabama Central Credit Union Routing Number 262087502Routing number is a 9 digit number generally found at the bottom-left corner of the paper check. It is also used to identify a bank uniquely.

Routing Number 262087502 Alabama Central Credit Union 3601 4TH AVE S

It is also called ABA number as it is allocated by American Bankers Association. Routing numbers are sometimes also referred to as “Check Routing Numbers”, “ABA Numbers”, or “Routing Transit Numbers” (RTN). Need to make personal financial or banking decisions? Contact us now as your source for the kind of information you need to help you make personal financial decisions. Contact us to quickly find out whether you might qualify for a mortgage, or need help with investing. We offer local banking, mortgages, internet banking products and local community services. Alabama Central Credit Union products and services are designed to help you achieve your financial goals. Apply for one or more of our products today. Many of our checking accounts and credit cards offer instant approval. Alabama Central Credit Union Location3601 4TH AVE S BIRMINGHAM, AL 35222-0000Alabama Central Credit Union Internet Banking Website Alabama Central Credit Union Online Banking Website Alabama Central Credit Union Hours These are the Credit Union hours for Alabama Central Credit Union. Call 205-510-1300 to learn more about local branch office hours. Please note that these bank hours are general and other hours of operation may apply on certain federal bank holidays. Monday 9:00 AM – 5:00 PM Tuesday 9:00 AM – 5:00 PM Wednesday 9:00 AM – 5:00 PM Thursday 9:00 AM – 5:00 PM Friday 9:00 AM – 5:00 PM Saturday 9:00-1:00 PM Sunday Closed Report Outdated or Missing Information at Contact Page! Also, find all your Credit Union Routing Numbers. Find all your Credit Unions and Banks.


redux phone number

A: The phone number for Redux, Inc. is (559) 227-3204. Q: How big is Redux, Inc. in Fresno, CA? A: The company has approximately 1 person at this location and generates an estimated $113,225 USD in annual revenue. Q: Where is Redux, Inc. located? A: Redux, Inc. is located at 3871 E Sussex Way, Fresno, CA 93726. Q: How long has Redux, Inc. in Fresno, CA been in business? A: Redux, Inc. was founded in 2007 and has been operating for 11 years.

Redux, Inc.Fresno - Residential Care Companies

"See all Companies Guide Share Redux, Inc. Fresno - Residential Care Companies Phone Number: (559) 227-3204Address:3871 E Sussex Way Fresno, California 93726-5133United States Founded in 2007, Redux, Inc. is a small organization in the residential care companies industry located in Fresno, CA. It has 1 full time employee and generates an estimated $113,225 USD in annual revenue. Find Another Company See Credit Report Advertisement Share Overview Company Information Organization Redux, Inc. Industry Residential Care Companies Office Address3871 E Sussex Way Fresno, California 93726-5133United States Contact Information General Phone Number (559) 227-3204Our data indicates this company is located in a home. View more information about the property located at 3871 E Sussex Way, Fresno, CA 93726 from our real estate database. Competitor Snapshot Organization Office Address Sales Volume (Estimated) Total Employees Harmann Inc 6255 N Fresno St Ste 104 $939,386 USD 20Golden Paradise Inn 7236 N Fruit Ave $230,000 USD 5Paradise Residential Care 1424 W Roberts Ave $103,785 USD 2Other Companies in the Residential Care Companies Industry in Fresno, CAIndustries NAICS 1: Residential Mental Health and Substance Abuse Facilities SIC 1: Rehabilitation Center, Residential: Health Care Incidental Size Sales Volume (Estimated)$113,225 USDEmployees at This Location1Total Employees1Advertisement Share People Company Employees Note: This list of contacts is supplied by Dun & Bradstreet. For more details, refer to the ""References"" section. Advertisement Share Competitors Other Companies in the Residential Care Companies Industry in Fresno, CAResearch All Organizations in the Residential Care Companies Industry ›Find The Company is a corporate intelligence site that uses Graphiq’s semantic technology to deliver deep insights via data-driven articles, visualizations and research tools. Deep insights from company data. Knowledge delivered. ›Advertisement Share Help Us Improve Who are you and what brings you to our site? An individual seeking employment A professional researching a business partner A professional researching a business competitor An individual doing investment research A customer looking for company contact/product info An owner/employee of this business Other Submit Advertisement Share Other Companies at this Address Share Questions & Answers Q: What's the phone number for Redux, Inc. in Fresno, CA?

Advertisement References Sources: D&B, Localeze, and Core Logic, Inc.. Show details "


weather in shirdi, india

s. Monsoon Season in Shirdi June marks the beginning of monsoon season in Shirdi and it lasts till August. Adequate rainfall is experienced by the region in the months of July and August. Winter Season in Shirdi Shirdi experiences winters in the months of December to February. The temperature remains in the comfortable 10°C - 30°C during these months. These are the best months to visit Shirdi.

Shirdi

Best time to visit Shirdi Shirdi Map Events/Festivals in Shirdi Shirdi hosts a number of Hindu festivals which are celebrated with much enthusiasm and fervour. These are: Ganesh Chaturthi: This festival is held in the months of August-September and is one of the famous festivals in Shirdi. Diwali: One of the most important festivals of Hindus, Diwali, is also well known by the name of “Festival of Lights” or Deepavali. It is celebrated in the month of October or November. Diwali in Shirdi is celebrated with pomp and show. Goddess Lakshmi is worshiped on this festival. Dusshera: It is another festival that is keenly celebrated in Shirdi. It generally falls in the month of October or November and marks the victory of Lord Rama over the demon Ravana. It is marked as the victory of good over evil. Holi: The “festival of colours” is indeed celebrated in a very colourful manner in Shirdi and is one of the biggest festivals for the natives. The atmosphere is really charged up during the celebrations. Accommodation in Shirdi Shirdi has a lot for deluxe and medium to budget accommodation options. Sai Leela Hotel (Pimpalwadi Road), Shraddha Park Inn (Pimpalwadi Road), Sun-n-Sand Shirdi (Village Nighoj), Bhagyalaxmi Hotel (Tal Rahata), St. Laurn Meditation and Spa (Rui- Shiv Road) and Shri Sai Murli Hotel (Pimpalwadi Road) are the deluxe accommodation options and have all high class facilities like internet, homely food etc. Medium to Budget hotels include MTDC Shirdi Pilgrim's Inn (At Post Shirdi), Sai Baba International Hotel (Opp. Sai Baba Temple), Sai Amey Hotel (Nagar-Manmad Road), Sai Mahal Hotel (Opp. Police Guest House), Kalpataru Hotel (Near Saibaba Temple). Summer Season in Shirdi The summers in Shirdi are hot and dry and are generally avoided by the tourists. The month of March marks the start of summer season and it lasts till May. Temperature ranges between 21°C to 40°C during these month

Best Time to Visit Shirdi One of the renowned holy town nestled amidst the hues of Western Ghats, Shirdi is mostly frequented by Hindu devotees. Well devotees don’t have any particular season to pay their divine visit at Sai Baba Temple, but tourists often inquire about best time to visit Shirdi. Well, undoubtedly it is during the winters when the town is packed with both tourists and devotees. Nonetheless Shirdi acquits a temperate climate throughout the year. But during the winters the climate is mild and pleasant that draws in tourists as well. The temperature in Shirdi in October and November ranges in between 15 degree and 22 degree whereas it drops to 10 degree in December and slightly to 8 degree in the month of January. The maximum temperature during the months of December and January nestles at an average of 15 degree thus making Shirdi Climate pleasant and mild. The climate in Shirdi rises and ranges between a maximum and minimum temperatures of 40 degree and 20 degree. It is during this time when people avoid visiting during the hot months of April and May. Further the temperature dips to 30 degree and dwells at 35 degree during the monsoon. June to August offer scanty rainfalls and may be opted for sightseeing and Ashram visit. Shirdi Weather Thursday Apr 0525.94ºH: 37.87º | L: 25.94ºMostly cloudy starting in the evening. Friday Apr 0623.49ºH: 36.72º | L: 23.49ºMostly cloudy throughout the day. Saturday Apr 0720.46ºH: 35.78º | L: 20.46ºPartly cloudy starting in the evening. Sunday Apr 0819.87ºH: 36.35º | L: 19.87ºMostly cloudy starting in the evening. Monday Apr 0919.13ºH: 36.08º | L: 19.13ºPartly cloudy starting in the evening. Tuesday Apr 1021.67ºH: 35.58º | L: 21.67ºMostly cloudy until afternoon. Wednesday Apr 1120.37ºH: 35.21º | L: 20.37ºPartly cloudy starting in the evening. Quick Info Attractions Saibaba Temple Altitude504 m STD Code02423Best Season June to March State/Code Shirdi/423109LANGUAGESHindi, Marathi and English Shirdi by Bus Top Bus To Shirdi Mumbai to Shirdi Bus Pune to Shirdi Bus Indore to Shirdi Bus Goa to Shirdi Bus Hyderabad to Shirdi Bus Top Bus From Shirdi Shirdi to Mumbai Bus Shirdi to Indore Bus Shirdi to Goa Bus Shirdi to Pune Bus Shirdi to Hyderabad Bus


what are the primary characteristics of the inner planets?

the inner planets Characteristics of earth 3 main layers-a crust solid rocky surface, mantle layer of hot molten rock, and core dense made of mainly iron and nickel

The Inner Planets

63 terms candycornlover11The Inner Planets Learn Flashcards Write Spell Test Match Gravity Advertisement Upgrade to remove ads Like this study set? Create a free account to save it. Create a free account Maybe later Sort Inner planets earth, mercury, venus, and mars-4 closest to the sun and are more similar to each other than they are to the four outer planets What characteristics to the inner planets have in common? the four inner planets are small and dense and have rocky surfaces Terrestrial planets

What main characteristic distinguishes Earth from the others? it has liquid water at its surface How much of Earth's surface is covered with water? 70%What is true about a water's state on earth? e. has a suitable temperature range for water to exist as solid liquid and gaswhat does water do on earth? water is important in shaping Earth's surface wearing it down and changing its appearance over time Earth has enough gravity to hold on to most gases What makes up Earth's atmosphere gases What is unique about Earth's atmoshpere? it's rich in oxygen about 20% of atmoshpere Gases that make up Earth's atmoshpere? oxygen 20%, rest is nitrogen, and small amounts of other gases such as argon and carbon dioxide and water vapor Why is Venus very cloudy? Venus's atmosphere is so thick What do astronomers see from Earth or space? a smooth cloud cover Venus What are the clouds made of? mostly of droplets of sulfuric acid What would happen to you if you were to stand on Venus? you would quickly crushed by the weight of its atmosphere The pressure of Venus's atmoshpere compared to Earth's V's is 90 times greater Why can't you breathe on Venus? b/c atmoshpere is mostly carbon dioxide Is venus closer to the sun than earth? yes How does Venus have such a hot temperature? radiation from sun is reflected by atmosphere , but when radiation reaches surface it is later given off as heat-carbon dioxide traps heat so well V has hottest surface of any planettemp of Venus 460C average surface temperature, hot enough to melt lead Greenhouse effect trapping of heat by atmosphere The first probe to land on Venus and send back data? Venera 7, landed in 1970-only survived a few minutes b/c of high temperatures and pressure The Magellan prove it reached Venus in 1990, carrying radar instruments-radar works through clouds, so Magellan was able to map nearly the entire surface Magellan data? confirmed that Venus is covered with rock What is Venus's surface like? it has many volcanoes and broad plains formed by lava flows Main characteristic that distinguishes Mercury from the other planets? Mercury is the smallest terrestrial planet and the planet closest to the sun Size of Mercury not much larger than Earth's moon Moons Mercury does not have any moonsinterior of Mercury probably made up of the dense metal iron How did we get most of our data on Mercury? from a single probe, Mariner 10-flew by Mercury 3 times in 1974 and 1975What did Mariners 10's photographs show that Mercury has many flat plains and craters on its surface What does the large number of craters on Mercury's surface show? that it has changed little for billions of years Mercury's atmosphere? has virtually no atmosphere Why no atmoshpere? high daytime temp causes gas particles to move very fast and they can escape into space easily b/c M's mass is small and gravity is weak Why is Mercury a planet of extremes? is tis so close to the sun that during the day, the side facing the sun reaches temperatures of 430C-since no atmosphere heat escapes into space and temperature drops below -170CWhat planet is called Earth's twin? Venus is similar in size and mass to Earth What main characteristic distinguishes Venus from the other planets Venus rotates so slowly that its day is longer than it's year How is Venus like Earth? Venus's density and internal structure are similar to Earth's How long does it take Venus to revolve around the sun? 7.5 Earth months How long does it take for Venus to rotate once on its axis? 8 months How does Venus rotate? from east to west, the opposite direction from most other planets and moons What do astronomers hypothesize this unusual rotation was caused by? a very large object that struck Venus billions of years ago or its thick atmosphere somehow altered its rotation Why is Mars called the red planet? b/c of breakdown of iron-rich rocks Mars' atmosphere? more than 95% carbon dioxide-similar in composition to Venus but much thinner and transparent Clouds on Mars? Mars has very few clouds and they are very thin compared to Earth's Temperatures on Mars? range from -140C to 20CCanals on Mars? Giovanni Schiaparelli said he saw long straight lines on mars called canale or channels but then Percival Lowell convinced people that these were built by smart martians to carry water but now we know there were no canals What characteristic distinguishes Mars from the others? Scientists think that a large amount of liquid water flowed on Mars's surface in the distant past-mars must have been warmer and thicker atmoshpere Can water exist on mars for long? no b/c atmosphere is so thin it would turn into gas Where is Mars's water now? some of it is located in the planet's two polar ice caps, which contain frozen water and carbon dioxide and small amount exists as water vapor in atmosphere Where do scientists think large amount of water may be? frozen underground? Where has some of Mars's water vapor gone? into space What does Mars have seasons? b/c it has a tilted axis it has seasons like Earth What happens to the northern and southern icecaps? b/c northern and southern hemisphere have opposite seasons, one ice cap grows while the other one shrinks What do windstorms on Mars create? windstorms arise and blow dust around and when it blows dust off some regions these regions look darker What did the first space probes show? that Mars is barren and covered with craters like the moon NASA's Spirit and Oppurtunity rovers they examined a variety of rock and soil samples-both rovers found strong evidence that liquid water was once present What did the European Space Agency's Mars Express probe find clear evidence of? frozen water (ice)Volcanoes on Mars? astronomers see signs that lava flowed from the volcanoes in the past, but the volcanoes are no longer active Olympus Mons on Mars is the largest volcano in the solar system-covers a region as large as teh state of Missouri and is nearly three times as tall as MT. EVERESTDoes Mars have moons? 2-phobos-larger moon is only 27 km in diameter and Deimos-15km-both are covered with craters What do astronomers predict will happen with Phobos? since it is slowly spiraling down toward Mars they predict that Phobos will smash into Mars in about 40 milion years