the meaning of haploid cell

. haploid - (genetics) an organism or cell having only one complete set of chromosomesorganism, being - a living thing that has (or can develop) the ability to act or functionindependentlygenetic science, genetics - the branch of biology that studies heredity and variation in organisms

haploid

"haploid Also found in: Thesaurus, Medical, Encyclopedia, Wikipedia. Related to haploid: Haploid numberhap·loid (hăp′loid′)adj. Having a single set of unpaired chromosomes, as in a germ cell, such as an egg or sperm, or in a moss plant or a drone bee.n. An organism having haploid cells. [From Greek haploos, single; see sem- in Indo-European roots + -oid . ]American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fifth Edition. Copyright © 2016 by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. Published by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. All rights reserved.haploid ( ˈhæplɔɪd) biologyadj (Biology) (esp of gametes) having a single set of unpaired chromosomesn (Biology) a haploid cell or organism [C20: from Greek haploeidēs single, from haplous single]ˈhaploidy n Collins English Dictionary – Complete and Unabridged, 12th Edition 2014 © Harper Collins Publishers 1991, 1994, 1998, 2000, 2003, 2006, 2007, 2009, 2011, 2014hap•loid (ˈhæp lɔɪd)adj. Also, hap•loi′dic.1. single; simple.2. pertaining to a single set of chromosomes.n.3. an organism or cell having only one complete set of chromosomes, ordinarily half thenormal diploid number. [< German (1905) < Greek haploid-, s. of haploḯs single, simple, derivative of haplóos single]Random House Kernerman Webster's College Dictionary, © 2010 K Dictionaries Ltd. Copyright 2005, 1997, 1991 by Random House, Inc. All rights reserved.hap·loid (hăp′loid′)Relating to or having a single set of each chromosome in a cell or cell nucleus. In animals,only the reproductive cells are haploid. Compare diploid. See Note at mitosis. The American Heritage® Student Science Dictionary, Second Edition. Copyright © 2014 by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. Published by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. All rights reserved.haploid Having one set of chromosomes in the nucleus. Dictionary of Unfamiliar Words by Diagram Group Copyright © 2008 by Diagram Visual Information Limited Thesaurus Antonyms Related Words Synonyms Legend: Switch to new thesaurus Noun 1

Adj. 1. haploid - of a cell or organism having a single set of chromosomeshaploidic, monoploidgenetic science, genetics - the branch of biology that studies heredity and variation in organismsdiploid - of a cell or organism having two sets of chromosomes or twice the haploidnumber; ""diploid somatic cells""polyploid - of a cell or organism having more than twice the haploid number of chromosomes; ""a polyploid cell""; ""a polyploid species""Based on Word Net 3.0, Farlex clipart collection. © 2003-2012 Princeton University, Farlex Inc. Translations Select a language:haploidehap·loidn. haploide, célula sexual que contiene en el cromosoma la mitad de las características somáticas de la especie. English-Spanish Medical Dictionary © Farlex 2012Want to thank TFD for its existence? Tell a friend about us, add a link to this page, or visit the webmaster's page for free fun content . Link to this page: Facebook Twitter "


do leafy greens have iron

10. Turnip Greens Increase your iron intake by eating turnip greens. Each 1-cup serving of these green leafy veggies provides you with 3.2 milligrams of iron. Saute your turnip greens with garlic and lemon juice or cook them with red bell pepper, garlic and onion. Both red bell pepper and lemon juice provide vitamin C, which improves iron absorption.

The Best Green Leafy Vegetables to Increase Iron

"Spinach provides a significant amount of essential nutrients while remaining low in calories. Women need more iron than men, so it pays to eat iron-rich foods often to make sure you get your recommended 18 milligrams per day. One way to get some extra iron is to eat more green leafy veggies. These veggies are nutritional powerhouses, with significant amounts of fiber, calcium and vitamins A, C and K as well as iron. Spinach Be like Popeye and eat your spinach. Spinach contains more iron than any other green, with each cup of boiled spinach providing 6.4 milligrams. Saute your spinach along with olive oil, balsamic vinegar and sweet potatoes for a delicious side. Sweet potatoes pair well with spinach since they contain beta-carotene, a nutrient that helps improve iron absorption, according to a study published in ""Food Chemistry"" in October 20

Beet Greens Cooked beet greens provide 3.7 milligrams of iron per cup. Eat them with the beets, since these contain even more iron per serving than the greens. Make a pizza with a whole-grain crust, roasted beets, wilted beet greens and feta for a delicious main dish, or toss together a warm beet salad that includes the beet greens, walnuts and goat cheese topped with a vinaigrette dressing. If you aren't a fan of the beets themselves, use the beet greens in a frittata. Collards Eating a cup of cooked collards increases your daily iron intake by 2.2 milligrams. Serve roasted chicken and tomatoes with sauteed collard greens and onions, since eating an animal-based source of iron along with a your greens helps your body absorb more of the iron they contain. If you don't eat meat, wrap collard greens around a mix of tomatoes, brown rice and red beans for an iron-rich meal. Dandelion Greens Add 1.9 milligrams of iron to your daily total by eating a cup of cooked dandelion greens. These greens taste bitter, so pair them with foods that will help mask some of the bitterness, including creamy cheeses, nuts or lemon juice. Add them to whole-wheat pasta along with toasted almonds and Parmesan cheese, toss a handful into your favorite soup or use them instead of spinach in a vegetarian lasagna. References USDA National Nutrient Database for Standard Reference, Release 16: Iron, Fe (mg) Content of Selected Foods per Common Measure, Sorted by Nutrient Content Colorado State University Extension: Iron: An Essential Nutrient Office of Dietary Supplements: Iron University of Florida Extension: Green Leafy Vegetables Food Chemistry: Influence of β-carotene-rich Vegetables on the Bioaccessibility of Zinc and Iron From Food Grains Photo Credits Zedcor Wholly Owned/Photo Objects.net/Getty Images MORE MUST-CLICKS:11 Best Healthy Foods That You Aren't Eating Where Is Zinc Most Abundant? Are Snails Healthy to Eat? How to Keep Iron Nutrients in Spinach When Cooking What Are the Health Benefits of Eating Seaweed? A One-Day Eating Plan That Ensures Adequate Nutrition for a Strict Vegetarian What Are the Benefits of Pasta Sauce? Non-Meat Foods That Are High in Iron "


what is a colonel in the air force

.”Colonel is the 22nd rank in the United States Air Force , ranking above Lieutenant Colonel and directly below Brigadier General . A colonel is a Field Officer at Do D paygrade O-6, with a starting monthly pay of $6,399

Air Force Colonel

"O-5 Lt Co (Previous)Lieutenant Colonel Air Force Colonel O-6 Field Officer, U. S. Air Force (Next) O-7 Brig Brigadier General Air Force Ranks » Colonel Rank • Col Pay • Col Rank History O-6 Colonel - Field Officer - U. S. Air Force Ranks Air Force Colonel Colonel Class Field Officer Abbr. Col Title Colonel (last name)Paygrade O-6 (Do D Paygrade) OF-6 (NATO Code)Basic Pay $6,399/mo Colonel (Col) is the third Field Officer rank in the United States Air Force. It is just above Lieutenant Colonel and below Brigadier General. Colonel is the highest Field Officer rank, and it is therefore, just below the General Officer ranks. They are typically responsible for commanding a wing of 1,000 to 3,00 airmen of lower ranks. Colonels commanding a wing have a Command Chief Master Sergeant as their primary Non-Commissioned Officer adviser. Some Colonels will command a group, which is a primary component of a wing. Some Colonels will also be the head of staff in a Numbered Air Force level staff agency. The rank insignia for Colonel is a silver eagle that is a stylized representation of the eagle in the seal of the United States coat of arms. They are sometimes informally referred to as “Full-Bird Colonels” as a way to differentiate between them and Lieutenant Colonels, because Lieutenant Colonels are often referred to as simply, “Colonel

. How do you become a Colonel? A Colonel is most often promoted from Lieutenant Colonel (Lt Co), although promotion from lower paygrades may occur with sufficient display of leadership and experience. Most colonels are lieutenant colonels who were promoted About 50% of all lieutenant colonels will be promoted to colonel. By law, colonels must have twenty-two years of service and a minimum of three years of service as a lieutenant colonel. Most colonels spend three years as a lieutenant colonel before being promoted. Colonel-selects must also complete more training in order to be promoted. This includes staff education, command positions, and relevant job training. What is the proper way to address a Colonel? The correct way to address a Colonel named Mr. Espinoza is ""Colonel Espinoza"", or written as Col Espinoza. In formal situations, a Colonel should always be addressed by their full rank. How much does a Colonel earn? Basic pay for an entry-level Colonel with 2 or less years of experience is $6,398.70 per month . A Colonel receives an automatic raise to their basic pay every one to two years. Basic pay is only a small percentage of a Colonel's final compensation package. In addition to a monthly basic pay salary, a Air Force Colonel may be eligible for multiple types of allowances and bonus pay including education allowance, personal money allowance, hazard pay, food allowance, and more. For full details on the Air Force's Colonel compensation and retirement plan, visit the 2018 Air Force Colonel Pay Chart. A full table of the Air Force's current paygrades are available at the Air Force Pay Chart . Equivalent Ranks to the Air Force's O-6 Colonel Army Colonel Coast Guard Captain Marine Corps Colonel Navy Captain To learn more about the Air Force's rank structure, see our complete list of Air Force ranks . The Government civilian-employee equivalent of a Colonel is paid under the General Schedule payscale. For more details, see this Air Force rank to GS grade conversion table . To see a list of military medals and decorations that can be earned by servicemembers in the Air Force and other branches of the military, see our list of military decorations and medals . Tweet "


how much bitcoins are there in the world

This number does not reflec how much of the world's money is in bitcoin? . The total number of bitcoins that have already been mined; In other words, the current supply on network 17 jul 2017. Mar 2014 we know exactly how many bitcoins there are in existence today (12,446,725) and will eventually be total when the 21 18 dec 2016 question is not whether you should buy bitcoin, but much. How much of the world's money is in bitcoin?

How Many Bitcoins Are In The World?

How Many Bitcoins Are In The World? Frequent Question Subscribe 509Add to Share More129 views01Published on Sep 9, 2017This quantity (50) halves every 210,000 blocks. How many bitcoins are currently in circulation? Quora quora how circulation similar as of june 1st, 2017 there 16366275 btc out a total 21000000 theoretical supply, which has yet to be mined. How many bitcoins are in the world? Youtubethe weekly standard. Number of bitcoin miners far higher than popular estimates man buys $27 bitcoin, forgets about them, finds they're now worth how many bitcoins are in the world? Faq. How many bitcoins is 'enough' for you? ) bitcoin talk.

Bitcoin millionaires how many people hold all bitcoins bitcoin wikipedia. How many bitcoins are currently in circulation? Quora. 2 3 of all bitcoins have been mined, 1 3 may be lost coinbuzz. As of june 1st, 2017 there are 16366275 btc out a total 21000000 in theoretical supply, which has yet to be mined. How many bitcoins are in the world? Bitcoin money supply how there currently circulation reward schedule will eventually be who owns world's biggest bitcoin wallet? The fbi controlled wiki. Let's find how many bitcoins are in the world and total mined however, there a number of individuals that control much more bitcoin than that, so it is safe to say actual users own 17 aug 2016 if you running core, can see amount circulation using rpc call gettxoutsetinfo (in qt debug console, 30 2011 every block introduces 50 new coins system. Of bitcoins in the market for each american or rich person of world 29 jun 2017 bitcoin has gained too much popularity due to digitalization. Bitcoin is controlled by all bitcoin users around the world How many bitcoins are currently in circulation? Quora. Googleusercontent search. This number does not reflec 26 jun 2017 image courtesy of howmuch thebitcoin economy, in perspective currently, the value all bitcoin world is $41 billion, roughly 15 sep 2016 how many people hold world's bitcoins? Today, let's look at a fun, kind competitive economic scoreboard for global other words, bitcoin's inventor nakamoto set monetary policy based on artificial scarcity inception that there would only ever be 21 million bitcoins total charts & graphs blockchain. Investopedia investopedia how much worlds money bitcoin url? Q webcache. So, getting the limit of coins it is possible to 18 dec 2013 but safe say that there are new players in bitcoin world & #8212; Although not as many people buying bitcoins one might guess from 25 jul 2017 a fully decentralized monetary system, no central authority satoshi has never really justified or explained these constants 31 mar 2015 deflationary meaning only fi Show more Loading...


effect of salt on water boiling point

This is true for something like salt, which elevates the boiling temperature of water in a process known as boiling point elevation. Basically, water is known as a solvent and salt is known as a non-volatile solute. When you add something like salt to a solvent like water, it makes water become an impure solvent and raises its boiling point above that of pure solvents. Though salt raises the boiling point of water, it doesn’t do it very much. In most cases, the temperature rise is a matter of only a few degrees F, usually under five. In order to understand this concept, there are many experiments you can conduct, even at home.

Written by Web Admin on August 25, 2015. Posted in Uncategorized Effect of Salt on the Boiling Temperature of Water Many people assume that the laws of physics are set in stone. When it comes to the freezing point or boiling point of water, everybody who has ever studied a little bit of science would be able to say water freezes at 32 degrees Fahrenheit and water boils at 212 degrees Fahrenheit. Not many people realize that the boiling point of water can actually be changed, depending on what you place into the water.

Here is one of the simplest experiments you can do yourself because you won’t need any advanced equipment or materials. For this experiment, you will need:table saltmeasuring cupdistilled watera cooking potpint measuring cupa teaspoon and tablespoon measurement cupthermometerspoon to stir with First, boil one quart of the water on a stove. Measure the temperature of the water once it gets to a boil. You should get something around 212 degrees F although it may vary slightly. Then, measure out one tablespoon of salt. Pour it into the boiling water and stir it well. Use the thermometer again to take the temperature of the water and record the finding. It should have risen to around 215 degrees F, although again, it may vary slightly. Now, measure out a second tablespoon of salt and add that to the boiling water. Measure the temperature again and record it, this time reflecting that there are 2 spoonful’s of salt in there. The temperature should be around 218 degrees F, yet another increase. The increase isn’t all that big and it doesn’t really affect much but it’s an interesting example of how mixing two things together – like salt and water – can change something you wouldn’t even think about at all – like the boiling point of water. The Effect of Salt: Experiment sheet that explains in detail how the process works and why it does. The Effect of Salt on the Boiling Temperature of Water: Another experiment that demonstrates how salt affects water’s boiling temperature. Properties of Salt and Water: Discusses the properties of salt and water and why they change. Boiling Point Elevation: Outlines the chemical sequence of boiling point elevation. Experiment: Another summary of a boiling point elevation experiment. Interactive Experiment: An interactive experiment related to boiling point elevation. This article about the effect of salt on the boiling temperature of water is brought to you by Action Donation Services®, specializing in the processing of car donations, vehicle donations, and auto donations for churches, schools and other charitable organizations. Action Car Donation Services processes car donations for many of America’s finest charities. Leave a comment Submit Comment


is thread.sleep implicit wait

. You should choose to use Explicit Waits or Implicit Waits. WARNING: Do not mix implicit and explicit waits. Doing so can cause unpredictable wait times. For example setting an implicit wait of 10 seconds and an explicit wait of 15 seconds, could cause a timeout to occur after 20 seconds. Explicit Waits ¶An explicit wait is code you define to wait for a certain condition to occur before proceeding further in the code. The worst case of this is Thread.sleep (), which sets the condition to an exact time period to wait. There are some convenience methods provided that help you write code that will wait only as long as required.

WebDriver: Advanced Usage Â¶

"Web Driver: Advanced Usage ¶Explicit and Implicit Waits ¶Waiting is having the automated task execution elapse a certain amount of time before continuing with the next step

Web Driver Wait in combination with Expected Condition is one way this can be accomplished. Web Driver driver = new Firefox Driver ();driver. get ( ""http://somedomain/url_that_delays_loading"" );Web Element my Dynamic Element = ( new Web Driver Wait ( driver, 10 )). until ( Expected Conditions. presence Of Element Located ( By. id ( ""my Dynamic Element"" )));This waits up to 10 seconds before throwing a Timeout Exception or if it finds the element will return it in 0 - 10 seconds. Web Driver Wait by default calls the Expected Condition every 500 milliseconds until it returns successfully. A successful return value for the Expected Condition function type is a Boolean value of true, or a non-null object. This example is also functionally equivalent to the first Implicit Waits example. Expected Conditions ¶There are some common conditions that are frequently encountered when automating web browsers. Listed below are a few examples for the usage of such conditions. The Java, C#, and Python bindings include convienence methods so you don’t have to code an Expected Condition class yourself or create your own utility package for them. Element is Clickable - it is Displayed and Enabled. Web Driver Wait wait = new Web Driver Wait ( driver, 10 );Web Element element = wait. until ( Expected Conditions. element To Be Clickable ( By. id ( ""someid"" )));The Expected Conditions package ( Java) ( Python) ( . NET) contains a set of predefined conditions to use with Web Driver Wait. Implicit Waits ¶An implicit wait is to tell Web Driver to poll the DOM for a certain amount of time when trying to find an element or elements if they are not immediately available. The default setting is 0. Once set, the implicit wait is set for the life of the Web Driver object instance. Web Driver driver = new Firefox Driver ();driver. manage (). timeouts (). implicitly Wait ( 10, Time Unit. SECONDS );driver. get ( ""http://somedomain/url_that_delays_loading"" );Web Element my Dynamic Element = driver. find Element ( By. id ( ""my Dynamic Element"" ));Remote Web Driver ¶Taking a Screenshot ¶import java.io. File;import java.net. URL;import org.openqa.selenium. Output Type;import org.openqa.selenium. Takes Screenshot;import org.openqa.selenium. Web Driver;import org.openqa.selenium.remote. Augmenter;import org.openqa.selenium.remote. Desired Capabilities;import org.openqa.selenium.remote. Remote Web Driver;public class Testing {public void my Test () throws Exception {Web Driver driver = new Remote Web Driver (new URL ( ""http://localhost:4444/wd/hub"" ),Desired Capabilities. firefox ());driver. get ( ""http://www.google.com"" );// Remote Web Driver does not implement the Takes Screenshot class// if the driver does have the Capabilities to take a screenshot// then Augmenter will add the Takes Screenshot methods to the instance Web Driver augmented Driver = new Augmenter (). augment ( driver );File screenshot = ( ( Takes Screenshot) augmented Driver ).get Screenshot As ( Output Type. FILE );}}Using a Firefox Profile ¶Firefox Profile fp = new Firefox Profile ();// set something on the profile... Desired Capabilities dc = Desired Capabilities. firefox ();dc. set Capability ( Firefox Driver. PROFILE, fp );Web Driver driver = new Remote Web Driver ( dc );Using Chrome Options ¶Chrome Options options = new Chrome Options ();// set some options Desired Capabilities dc = Desired Capabilities. chrome ();dc. set Capability ( Chrome Options. CAPABILITY, options );Web Driver driver = new Remote Web Driver ( dc );Advanced User Interactions ¶The Actions class (es) allow you to build a Chain of Actions and perform them. There are too many possible combinations to count. Below are a few of the common interactions that you may want to use. For a full list of actions please refer to the API docs Java C# Ruby Python The Advanced User Interactions require native events to be enabled. Here’s a table of the current support Matrix for native events:platform IE6 IE7 IE8 IE9 FF3.6 FF10+ Chrome stable Chrome beta Chrome dev Opera Android i OSWindows XP Y Y Y n/a Y Y Y Y Y? Y [1] n/a Windows 7 n/a n/a Y Y Y Y Y Y Y? Y [1] n/a Linux (Ubuntu) n/a n/a n/a n/a Y [2] Y [2] Y Y Y? Y [1] n/a Mac OSX n/a n/a n/a n/a N N Y Y Y? Y [1] NMobile Device n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a? n/a n/a n/a? Y N [1] ( 1, 2, 3, 4) Using the emulator [2] ( 1, 2) With explicitly enabling native events Browser Startup Manipulation ¶Todo Topics to be included:restoring cookieschanging firefox profilerunning browsers with plugins Using a Proxy ¶Internet Explorer ¶The easiest and recommended way is to manually set the proxy on the machine that will be running the test. If that is not possible or you want your test to run with a different configuration or proxy, then you can use the following technique that uses a Capababilities object. This temporarily changes the system’s proxy settings and changes them back to the original state when done. String PROXY = ""localhost:8080"";org. openqa. selenium. Proxy proxy = new org. openqa. selenium. Proxy ();proxy. set Http Proxy ( PROXY). set Ftp Proxy ( PROXY). set Ssl Proxy ( PROXY );Desired Capabilities cap = new Desired Capabilities ();cap. set Capability ( Capability Type. PROXY, proxy );Web Driver driver = new Internet Explorer Driver ( cap );Chrome ¶Is basically the same as internet explorer. It uses the same configuration on the machine as IE does (on windows). On Mac it uses the System Preference -> Network settings. On Linux it uses (on Ubuntu) System > Preferences > Network Proxy Preferences (Alternatively in “/etc/environment” set http_proxy). As of this writing it is unknown how to set the proxy programmatically. Firefox up to version 47.0.1 ¶Firefox maintains its proxy configuration in a profile. You can preset the proxy in a profile and use that Firefox Profile or you can set it on profile that is created on the fly as is shown in the following example - deprecated, no longer working with Gecko Driver. String PROXY = ""localhost:8080"";org. openqa. selenium. Proxy proxy = new org. openqa. selenium. Proxy ();proxy. set Http Proxy ( PROXY). set Ftp Proxy ( PROXY). set Ssl Proxy ( PROXY );Desired Capabilities cap = new Desired Capabilities ();cap. set Capability ( Capability Type. PROXY, proxy );Web Driver driver = new Firefox Driver ( cap );Firefox version 48 and newer - Gecko Driver ¶Firefox maintains its proxy configuration in a profile. You can preset the proxy in a profile and use that Firefox Profile or you can set it on profile that is created on the fly as is shown in the following example. With Gecko Driver the proxy has to be passed through the required capabilities. String PROXY = ""localhost"";int PORT = 8080;com. google. gson. Json Object json = new com. google. gson. Json Object ();json. add Property ( ""proxy Type"", ""MANUAL"" );json. add Property ( ""http Proxy"", PROXY );json. add Property ( ""http Proxy Port"", PORT );json. add Property ( ""ssl Proxy"", PROXY );json. add Property ( ""ssl Proxy Port"", PORT );Desired Capabilities cap = new Desired Capabilities ();cap. set Capability ( ""proxy"", json );Gecko Driver Service service = new Gecko Driver Service. Builder ( firefox Binary). using Driver Executable ( new File ( ""path to geckodriver"" )). using Any Free Port (). using Any Free Port (). build ();service. start ();// Gecko Driver currently needs the Proxy set in Required Capabilitiesdriver = new Firefox Driver ( service, cap, cap );Opera ¶Todo HTML5 ¶Todo Parallelizing Your Test Runs ¶Todo "


electroconvulsive therapy definition

Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is a form of psychiatric treatment that involves inducing seizures with the use of electrical stimulation while a patient is under general anesthesia. Originally known as electroshock therapy, ECT was first introduced by a pair of Italian psychiatrists in 1938.

What is Electroconvulsive Therapy?

"Psychotherapy What is Electroconvulsive Therapy? Electroconvulsive Therapy is a Controversial Psychiatric Treatment By Kendra Cherry Updated October 12, 2017Share Pin Email Print An example of an ECT machine used during the 1960s. Image: Nasko/Wikimedia Commons

However, the use of induced seizures to treat mental illness dates back as far as the early 1500s. It became a popular psychiatric technique during the 1940s and 1950s, particularly in the treatment of severe depression. Stigma attached to the use of ECT led to a decline in its use during the 1960s. The emergence of effective psychiatric medications to treat depression also contributed to its decline. Today, electroconvulsive therapy is still used as a treatment for cases of severe depression, mania and schizophrenia, although its use remains controversial. ECT Statistics Approximately 70 percent of ECT patients are women. Remission rates are estimated to be between 60 and 70 percent. In one report, between 29 and 55 percent of patients believed that they had experienced permanent memory loss as a result of ECT. In England, more than 11,000 people receive ECT each year. Between 1975 and 1980, there was a 46 percent decline in ECT use in the United States. ECT use remained steady throughout the 1980s, and even began to rise through the next decade. More than a third of ECT patients are age 65 and older. Use in children and teens remains relatively rare. In a 1993 study, less than 0.20 percent of patients receiving ECT were under the age of 18. On Effectiveness While the use of ECT remains controversial, many recent studies and literature reviews suggest that it can be a safe and effective treatment, particularly in the case of severe depression. By 1941 electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) was used by nearly half of the mental health institutions in the United States. ECT has been found effective for some patients who are unresponsive to other therapies, including antidepressant drugs. One ways to decrease the possibility of brain damage is the areas of stimulation and use it minimally, only when other treatment methods have failed. The evidence supporting the efficacy of ECT in depression is overwhelming. In several studies, ECT was found to be far more effective than other methods. There is still significant stigma attached to its use, so it is used sparingly. On Side Effects Side effects from ECT include memory loss, even permanent loss, fractured bones, headaches and even death. Serious complications do exist, particularly the risk for permanent brain damage. Before undergoing ECT, talk with your doctor to make sure you have exhausted other options and to discuss your risks. More About ECTFor a real account of a patient's experience with electroconvulsive therapy, be sure to check out Anna's ECT Diary. One reader shares her experience with the ECT procedure, including why she chose to undergo the procedure, the aftereffects of the treatment and her feelings at the completion of the treatment. Our Guide to Depression, Nancy Schimelpfening, also has more information on what happens before, during, and after ECT. Source: Carney, S. ""Electroconvulsive Therapy"". British Medical Journal. 1343-1344. 2003. Mental Health America. Electroconvulsive Therapy. 2015. "


what is provocative allergy testing

"Provocation/Neutralization Testing Provocation testing involves the administration, intradermally (injected with a tiny needle into the skin), of a very small dose of a specific food (or other substance) to test a patient's reaction to it.

Since the dose is given by injection, it is rather like a patient eating a large quantity of a food and immediately assimilating it. Most patients with problems caused by foods will exhibit actual symptoms from specific foods when they are tested in this way. These symptoms may include severe fatigue, congestion, abdominal discomfort, headache, coughing and practically any other symptom (or sign, such as red ears, red eyes, etc.) you could imagine. Then further injections of the same food are given but at different dosages, and there is usually a specific dose of the same food that will make the symptoms miraculously disappear. No, we don�t have a clear idea why P/N works, but I�ve used it in my practice since 1975 and there is no question that it does. Many physicians who use P/N then use that ""neutralizing"" dose to administer to the patient to prevent or treat symptoms when the patient eats that food. I use LDA immunotherapy, since it covers far more ground than administering specific food mixtures. Besides, LDA is given only every two months or less often, not daily or several times a week as neutralization must be. Additionally, if a patient has severe food intolerances, many foods must be tested and treated with P/N. This can be a lengthy and expensive proposition. Since food sensitivities change over time - and so do patients' neutralizing doses - retesting must occur fairly frequently in most cases, an added and often ongoing expense. We will test up to six foods (dairy, wheat, egg, corn, soy and yeast) in our office. P/N Food testing takes 2-4 hours, depending on how many foods we test, since patients must wait 10 minutes between each dose and record their symptoms. I use the results from this testing both to show patients graphically which foods may bother them (and as a result, foods they may want to avoid for awhile) and to help determine the dose of their LDA treatment. We also use P/N testing in our office to test and treat certain hormones and neurotransmitters (seratonin and others). The �gold� standard of determination of food allergy is the multiple elimination diet that we often use in my office to perform small miracles for patients who are ill. We often use this diet for our new patients to get them feeling better quickly, before we begin other types of treatment, such as LDA. "


what is the common name for jade

Jade was the 232nd most common name for girls in England and Wales in 2007. [4] In the mid-1990s, Jade was among the top 25 most popular names for girls in England and Wales. It was also among the 100 most common names for girls in Scotland, France, Ireland, Belgium, Canada, Australia, and Northern Ireland in recent years.

Jade (given name)

"From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedianavigation search Jade The name jade is taken from the ornamental stone called jade Pronunciation / ˈ dʒ eɪ d / JAYDGender Unisex Origin Word/name Spanish Meaning jade, precious green stone Other names Related names Giada, Jada, Jaden Jade is a given name derived from the ornamental stone jade, which is used in artwork and in jewellery making. The name is derived from the Spanish piedra de la ijada, which means ""stone of the colic ."" There was a belief that when jade was placed on the stomach, it could cure colic in babies. [1] The stone is greatly valued in Asian countries. Confucius believed it had properties encouraging purity, bravery, and honesty. Chinese emperors were buried in suits made of the stone because they believed it would make them live on forever. [2]The name has been used for both boys and girls in the United States. Jade was the 113th most popular name for girls born in the United States in 2007. It ranked among the 1,000 most common names for boys born in the United States throughout the mid-1990s. [3]

[3] Jada, a variant of the name, was the 97th most popular name for girls born in the United States in 2007 and was the 89th most popular name for girls in British Columbia, Canada in 2006. [5] Jayda, a spelling variant, was the 262nd most popular name for girls born in 2007 in the United States. [6] Spelling variant Jaida was the 536th most popular name for girls born in the United States in 2007 [7] Giada, an Italian variant of the name, was the 839th most popular name for girls in the United States in 2007. Jaden, also a popular name for boys and girls in the United States with multiple spelling variants, is also sometimes seen as a variant of Jade. Jade has become increasingly popular in France since 1990. It was the 7th most given name for girls there in 2005. [ citation needed]Contents [ hide ]1 People with the given name1.1 Women1.2 Men2 Fictional characters3 Notes People with the given name [ edit]Women [ edit]Jade Barbosa, Brazilian gymnast Jade Cole, American model Jade Edmistone (born 1982), Australian swimmer Jade Ewen (born 1988), British singer and actress Jade Goody (1981-2009), former Big Brother housemate Jade Jagger (born 1971), daughter of Mick Jagger Jade Johnson (born 1980), English long jumper Jade Jones (athlete) (born 1996), English wheelchair racer Jade Jones (taekwondo) (born 1993), Welsh taekwondo athlete Jade Kwan (born 1979), Hong Kong Cantopop singer Jade Mac Rae (born 1979), Australian singer Jade Raymond (born 1975), Canadian video game producer and executive Jade Seah (born 1983), Singaporean actress and model Jade Sharif (born 1999), actress Jade Thirlwall (born 1992), English singer and member of British girl group Little Mix Jade Villalon (born 1980), singer of Sweetbox Jade Windley (born 1990), British tennis player Jade Snow Wong (1922-2006), Chinese-American ceramic artist and writer Men [ edit]Jade C. Bell, Canadian quadriplegic actor Jade Dernbach (born 1986), South African cricket player Jade Esteban Estrada (born 1975), American actor Jade Gatt (born 1978), Australian actor Jade Kindar-Martin (born 1974), American circus performer Jade Jones (singer) (born 1979), British singer turned chef Jade North (born 1982), Indigenous Australian football (soccer) player Jade Puget (born 1973), American musician and producer Jade Rawlings (born 1977), Australian rules footballer Fictional characters [ edit]Jade (comics), a DC Comics superheroine Jade (Chaos! Comics), a vampire sorceress Jade (Beyond Good & Evil), main protagonist of the video game Beyond Good & Evil Jade (Mortal Kombat), in the Mortal Kombat video game series Jade, in the video game Fahrenheit, a.k.a. Indigo Prophecy Jade (El Clon), in the Telemundo television series El Clon Jade Chan, Jackie's niece in the animated TV series Jackie Chan Adventures Jade Mitchell, in the Australian soap opera Neighbours Jade Sutherland, in the Australian soap opera Home and Away'. Jade Albright, in the British Soap Opera ' Hollyoaks '. Jade West, a main character in the American TV sitcom series Victorious Jade, in the TV series Shadow Raiders Jade (Kinnikuman), character in the anime series Ultimate Muscle Jade Curtiss, character in Tales of the Abyss Jade, from the novel The Prophecy of the Stones Jade Vernon, from the book series The Traces Jade Fontaine, in the webcomic Pv PJade Harley, from the webcomic Homestuck Notes [ edit]^ Behind the Name^ Holland Cutter, ""Art Review: The Jade of China, Alive With Meaning, Yet Glossily Elusive"". New York Times (August 6, 2004)^ a b Behind the Name^ Baby Planners [ permanent dead link]^ Behind the Name^ Behind the Name^ Behind the Name This page or section lists people that share the same given name. If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change that link to point directly to the intended article. Categories: Given names English given names "


what is the elevation of white pass in washington

The base elevation of White Pass is at 4,500 feet (1,370 m) above sea level, with a lift-served summit at 6,500 feet (1,980 m), yielding a vertical drop of 2,000 feet (610 m). Located on the south side of the east-west highway, the slopes primarily face north.

White Pass Ski Area

"White Pass Ski Area From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedianavigation search White Pass Ski Area Looking northward, down the liftline Location White Pass, Washington, United States Nearest city Yakima - 50 mi (80 km) Tacoma - 110 mi (180 km)Coordinates 46°38′07″N 121°23′15″WVertical 2,000 ft (610 m)Top elevation 6,500 ft (1,980 m)Base elevation 4,500 ft (1,370 m)Skiable area 1,402 acres (5.7 km 2)Runs 45 - 30% Beginner - 50% Intermediate - 20% Advanced Lift system 6 chairlifts, - 2 hi-speed quads - 1 quad - 1 triple - 2 doubles 2 surface lifts - 1 platter lift - 1 magic carpet Lift capacity 9,700 / hr Snowfall 350 in (890 cm)Snowmaking At base area on Far East and Poma Face Night skiing limited: Saturdays & holidays Website Ski White Pass.com White Pass Location in the United States White Pass Location in Washington The White Pass Ski Area is a ski area in the northwest United States, in the Cascade Range at White Pass, Washington. Located 50 miles (80 km) west of Yakima on US-12, it is 110 miles (180 km) east of Tacoma. [1] As the crow flies, the pass is 25 miles (40 km) southeast of the summit of Mount Rainier and 30 miles (50 km) north of Mount Adams. Contents [ hide ]1 Alpine skiing2 Cross-country skiing3 Base facilities4 History5 Trail map6 References7 External links Alpine skiing [ edit]

The mountain has six chairlifts: two high speed quads, a fixed-grip quad, a triple, and two doubles. It also includes two surface lifts: a platter lift and a magic carpet for beginning skiers. There is a terrain park that regularly features rail jams, slopestyle, and the like located on Rib Eye off the Basin Quad. Cross-country skiing [ edit]The Nordic Center provides access to a variety of groomed, double-tracked cross-country ski, trails in the Wenatchee and Gifford Pinchot National Forests. The terrain challenges all ability levels in classic cross-county, skating cross-country, and snowshoeing on 18 km (11 mi) of trails. Base facilities [ edit]The day lodge has rental skis and boards, food, lockers, and a bar. [1] Across the highway to the north, the White Pass Village Inn offers overnight accommodations. History [ edit]White Pass added its second double chairlift in the fall of 1958, in parallel with the original of two years earlier; both were built by Riblet of Spokane and were a mile (1.6 km) in length, with a vertical rise of 1,500 feet (460 m) from the highway base area to 6,000 feet (1,830 m). The second chair had nearly 30% greater capacity (900 vs. 700/hr), with a more robust cable and gearbox. It also had 50% more lift towers, which were greater in height in anticipation of high snowfall. The installed cost of the second chair exceeded $200,000. The area started full-week operations for the 1958–59 season, with daily adult lift tickets priced at $3.50. [2]Former World Cup racing twins Phil and Steve Mahre (b.1957) grew up at White Pass, where their father Dave ""Spike"" Mahre was the mountain manager. The twin brothers and their seven siblings lived with their parents in a house near the base of the lifts. The expansion in the Paradise Basin opened in the 2010–11 season and added 767 acres (3.1 km 2) of terrain and two new chairlifts. The Basin Quad is a fixed-grip quad and the Couloir Express is the area's second high-speed detachable quad. Trail map [ edit]The expansion required a new trail map to show the new terrain. The new map was drawn by James Niehues and will be redrawn for the 2011–12 season to show runs that are not on the current trail map. Many runs also still need to be named because White Pass Ski Area wanted to let everyone ski on the expansion, then decide the names of the runs via Facebook. References [ edit]^ a b White Pass ski resort map 2006^ Williams, Dick (November 19, 1958). ""White Pass expands winter ski facilities"". Spokesman-Review. Spokane, Washington. p. 13. External links [ edit]Official website - Ski White Pass .com WSDOT.wa.gov - White Pass road conditions & webcam [ hide]v t e Ski areas in Washington Alpine areas49 Degrees North Ski Area Badger Mountain Ski Area Bluewood Ski Area Crystal Mountain Echo Valley Ski Area Hurricane Ridge Ski and Snowboard Area Leavenworth Ski Hill Loup Loup Meany Lodge Mission Ridge Ski Area Mount Baker Ski Area Mount Spokane Ski and Snowboard Park Sahalie Ski Club Sitzmark Ski Area Stevens Pass Ski Area Summit at Snoqualmie ( Alpental, Summit West, Summit Central, Summit East) White Pass Ski Area Cross country areas49 Degrees North Ski Area Leavenworth Ski Hill Loup Loup Methow Valley Stevens Pass Ski Area Summit at Snoqualmie John Wayne Pioneer Trail (Near Hyak) White Pass Ski Area Heli Skiing North Cascade Heli Skiing Defunct Ski Areas American River Ski Bowl Big Four Ski Area Blewett Pass Ski Area Cayuse Pass Chewelah Peak Ski Area Chinook Pass City Ski Acres Cle Elum Ski Hill Martin Ski Dome (Husky Chalet) Milwaukee Ski Bowl Mount Pilchuck Paradise Ski Area Squilchuck Ski Bowl Coordinates: 46.638°N 121.391°WCategories: Buildings and structures in Lewis County, Washington Ski areas and resorts in Washington (state)Buildings and structures in Yakima County, Washington Tourist attractions in Yakima County, Washington Tourist attractions in Lewis County, Washington Gifford Pinchot National Forest "


what is the cause of early ejaculations

For many years, sex experts have tended to say that premature ejaculation is caused by early conditioning. In other words, the man's early, rushed (and perhaps furtive) sexual experiences had to be quick so as to avoid detection. The idea is that this conditions him to climax as quickly as possible.

Premature ejaculation

Premature ejaculation Premature ejaculation is a common and embarrassing problem. We look at the causes and the treatment for this condition More from Conditions Delayed ejaculation (retarded ejaculation)Penis enlargement Erection Getty Klaus Tiedge By Dr David Delvin 5 June 2015What is premature ejaculation? Premature ejaculation (PE) means coming too quickly, and it's one of the most common male sexual problems. Recently, there's been quite a lot of publicity about this disorder, because of the fact that a new anti-PE drug became available on the NHS in 2014 (see below). PE is often regarded as a trivial thing, but in actual fact it can be a cause of real distress to the man. Also, partners of men with premature ejaculation can become extremely frustrated. This condition can be a major factor in the break-up of marriages. How common is it? In our survey of several thousand British males, approximately 10 per cent of them said that they often or sometimes had this trouble. We found that it's commoner in younger men – which is not surprising, as there's a distinct tendency for it to improve with age. Men generally get better control as they grow older. However, a 2004 survey in Europe showed that many middle-aged men still have this problem. Fortunately, good treatments are available for all age groups. Related Article Worry over premature ejaculation Definitions It's almost impossible to get an accurate definition of premature ejaculation: what some couples consider a satisfactory length of intercourse would be very inadequate for others. At the 2006 Congress of the European Society for Sexual Medicine, an American research paper reported:the average lasting time of men with PE was 1.8 minutes'normal' men lasted an average of 7.3 minutes. But there were males who claimed to have premature ejaculation, yet who could last up to 25 minutes. This clearly shows people have wildly differing ideas about what is normal!At the same Congress, Professor Waldinger reported that 2.5 per cent of men couldn't last 90 seconds inside the vagina. Those males undoubtedly have PE. From our own clinical experience, there are plenty of couples who would regard intercourse that lasts under 20 minutes as less than satisfactory, and would feel that any ejaculation in under 10 minutes or so rather premature. If you can't 'last' for five minutes, you should at least consider the possibility of getting some treatment. As a working definition, if either you or your partner feels that orgasm is happening much too soon, there probably is some degree of PE. Does it matter? In most cases premature ejaculation does matter, because it makes people unhappy and frustrated. And in severe cases PE can threaten or even ruin a relationship – simply because it spoils the sex lives of both partners. Sometimes, the condition is so bad the man can't have sex because he ejaculates before he can get into the vagina. This can be devastating for a man's self-confidence. And it can be hugely frustrating and annoying for his partner – especially if she wants to get pregnant. However, most men merely find PE a considerable irritation. It's a condition that makes them come very soon after they enter their partner – say, after only a minute or two, so that neither party gets a lot of satisfaction. What causes it?

However, our own surveys have found that many men with PE did not have rushed early sexual experiences – though others say they did. It's worth noting that from an evolutionary point of view, it's probable that males who climaxed quickly were more likely to have children. In other words, if you were a caveman who came very fast, you'd stand more chance of impregnating your woman and enlarging your tribe. Some men seem to be highly triggered right from the start of their sex lives, and we have encountered instances where their fathers were much the same. Therefore, we feel that the tendency to reach orgasm quickly may possibly be inherited rather than learned. Finally, there's no question that anxiety or 'nerves' play a part in many cases of PE. If you're nervous, you're likely to come too quickly. This is why many males have discovered for themselves that a small amount of alcohol eases their nerves and makes them less likely to climax prematurely. But we wouldn't recommend alcohol as a treatment. So, what can be done for PE? Treatment for mild cases If you have mild PE – for instance, you can last six minutes but would like to last 10 – there's probably little point in going to a doctor. Why? Because you should be able to improve matters by simple distraction techniques. This means turning your mind to something else when you sense that climax is near. For example, you can think about something totally unconcerned with sex or pinch yourself. In America, it is quite common for guys to think about baseball!Local anaesthetic gel Some men try to treat themselves with a local anaesthetic gel that's applied to the shaft of the penis shortly before intercourse. ADVERTISEMENT - CONTINUE READING BELOWThis product is advertised to the public as a good way to 'damp down' sexual sensation in the penis. We do not advise using this gel because the local anaesthetic can 'dull' the sex sensation for your partner. It can also cause a distressing skin reaction in either partner, with intense itching, redness and soreness. 'Long love' condoms German scientists have come up with a slightly different approach that won't cause vaginal irritation. It's called the 'long love condom' and it contains a local anaesthetic (benzocaine or lidocaine) inside it. Long love condoms are now being sold in many countries, under a variety of brand names. A few male patients have told us they do last longer with these condoms, but the man is still at risk of a sensitivity reaction to the local anaesthetic. Treatment for more severe cases If PE is causing you significant problems, it is best to consult an expert for treatment. The Masters-Johnson method This method cures the vast majority of men, provided that both partners are keen to co-operate (which isn't always the case). Also, they have to be properly and painstakingly taught by an experienced therapist. It's based on a special 'penis grip' developed by the American therapists Masters and Johnson. They employed it in a partly-residential 're-education' course lasting weeks or months. The finger-grip abolishes the desire to climax, so if, under careful instruction, the couple use it over a period of weeks, they can usually re-train the man so he can last much longer. But please note that cure can't be achieved overnight. What does it involve? At each training session, your partner places her hand so that her thumb is on one side of the man's erect penis (the nearer side to her when she is facing him). Her index and middle fingers are on the other side. The index finger is just above the ridge of the glans (the 'head'), while the middle finger is just below the ridge. When the man feels that he's near to a climax, he tells his partner. She then squeezes his shaft firmly between her thumb and the other two fingers. (Don't worry: it's painless! )The programme and the grip can work for male couples as well as for heterosexual ones. Does it work? We have seen many men with PE who couldn't last for 30 seconds, but who were able to last as long as half an hour after careful training over a period of months. However, unless this is done as part of an organised programme, it probably won't work. We often hear from guys who tried to do it by themselves, or after just a couple of minutes advice from a GP, and achieved nothing. The Masters and Johnson grip really needs to be demonstrated to you personally by an expert. Most couples who try to learn it from the Internet or a book get it wrong. Our advice: see a professional. In the UK, try one of the organisations listed at the end of this article. Antidepressant drugs In recent years, it has also proved possible to treat PE with antidepressant drugs taken a few hours before intercourse. The group that are mainly used for this purpose are the SSRIs ( selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitors ). The use of these drugs may seem a little odd, but delaying male climax is a well-known side-effect of certain antidepressants. For most men, that side-effect is unwanted. But for guys with premature ejaculation, it's highly desirable. Antidepressants that are commonly used for this purpose include clomipramine (Anafranil), fluoxetine (Prozac) and sertraline (Lustral). But please be warned: these are powerful drugs that can last a long time in the body, and have a considerable list of potential side-effects. Before opting for one of them, talk it over carefully with your doctor. In many countries antidepressants are now sold illegally in bars and on the street as 'last-longer pills'. We really do not recommend buying antidepressants in this casual fashion. Antidepressants are prescription-only drugs, with a potential for causing you harm. If you want to try them for premature ejaculation, make an appointment to see your GP. Drugs by nasal inhalation Back in 2008, there was a good deal of controversy in Britain because a company started using large advertisement hoardings to promote its treatment for PE: a nose spray. In fact, the only point of the spray is to deliver a drug into the bloodstream more quickly than could be achieved through taking it by mouth. The drug which is mainly being used in these new nose sprays is clomipramine – which, as we have mentioned above, is an antidepressant. There have also been reports of sex clinics suggesting the use of the major painkiller tramadol in a nose spray. This does not strike us as a good idea at all, in view of the drug's side-effects which include mental confusion and abdominal pain. Tramadol is related to morphine, and is widely misused by people with drug problems. It is habit-forming. A special constriction device In 2000, a clinical trial of a new technique for treating premature ejaculation was published in the medical press. It was developed at St George's Hospital, London, and involved wearing a slightly constricting ring below the head of the penis for 30 minutes each day. The theory was it would make the organ less sensitive. Unfortunately, at the present time the inventors of the device have still not been able to publish any results of large scale trials. Don't attempt any constriction techniques like this off your own bat. Such a method should only be prescribed by an expert at a sexual problem clinic. It may or may not turn out to be useful. Release of a new medication At a medical conference we attended in December 2004, it was announced that a new anti-PE medication would be launched during 2005. However, it was not until 2013 that it was finally licensed and released for sale in the UK. And in 2014, it finally became available on the health service. In the USA, it has still (2015) not been approved by the Food & Drug Administration (FDA). The product is a tablet called dapoxetine. Its UK trade name is Priligy. Essentially, it is one of the 'SSRI' group of antidepressants – which, as noted above, do have the ability to lengthen the time between sexual arousal and climax. It is taken by mouth, in tablet form. The dose is either 30mg or 60mg. Dosage depends mainly on your body weight. Please understand that Priligy is NOT a pill which will actually cure PE. ADVERTISEMENT - CONTINUE READING BELOWThe idea is that you simply take it a couple of hours before you intend to have intercourse. With luck, you will last a good deal longer that day. But of course, you will need to take another Priligy tablet before your next sexual encounter. Newspaper reports appearing in Britain in 2010 suggested that it helps 70 per cent of males. But this is really not true. Unfortunately, the trial results we've seen so far suggest that in reality less than 40 per cent of men reported that the drug gave them control that was 'fair, good or very good'. Possible side effects of dapoxetine include dizziness, dry mouth, nausea, insomnia, headaches and diarrhoea. However, if you have bad PE, Priligy (which may be the first of various such products) would probably be worth trying when it becomes available in your part of the world. In the UK, Priligy is now available (free!) from your GP, if your local NHS authority agrees to allow it. Private doctors can also prescribe it. Obviously, you have to pay the chemist for a private prescription – but the price has come down a lot in recent years. You can obtain it via the internet, but you should definitely have an online 'consultation' with a doctor first. Cognitive behaviour treatment (stop-start technique)In 2006, we attended a conference on sexual medicine in Vienna. One of the speakers, Dr Mehmet Sungur, claimed good results for the cognitive behaviour (CBT) method of treatment for PE. The CBT method focuses on addressing the kind of thinking that has proved unhelpful. For example, a man may believe that 'real men' must thrust endlessly to give a woman pleasure. Such thinking is not only damaging to the man, but wrong. Most women want penetration but also derive great pleasure from love play – often preferring fondling and oral sex to intercourse. The CBT method also aims to alter the man's behaviour: he is encouraged to masturbate using the stop-start technique to gain more control over his responses and his urge to ejaculate quickly. The stop-start technique The man is encouraged to masturbate alone. He is asked to set time aside to be private and to masturbate with dry hands. The man is encouraged to masturbate almost to the point of ejaculation and then stop. He should do this three times. On the fourth time, he is permitted to ejaculate. After he has achieved this measure of control, he can try masturbating with a wet hand, which will feel more like the inside of a vagina. He is encouraged to do the stop-start technique as before. Obviously, this technique could possibly be adopted by a man who does not seek treatment from a therapist. But because there are often psychological difficulties as well as behavioural and mechanical ones, most men will benefit more from seeking treatment rather than using the stop-start technique on their own. Further information Family planning (FP) clinics: treatment here is free, but FP doctors with suitable training are now few and far between and have very long waiting lists. So the chances of getting help for PE through this route are not very good. Details of your nearest clinic should be in your local phone book, or contact the FPA. Relate are now very experienced in the Masters-Johnson method. Payment is on a sliding scale and very fair. The number of your local branch is in your phone book. Relationships Scotland do similar good work to Relate. College of Sexual and Relationship Therapists (COSRT – formerly known as BASRT) has members all over the UK. Most of these therapists work privately. They are not usually medical doctors, but are highly trained therapists. You do not need a GP's referral to see a COSRT member. British Association for Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy: this is the organisation for accredited CBT practitioners, but only a few will be experts in sexual matters such as PE. Sexual Advice Association (SAA – formerly the Sexual Dysfunction Association) can help you to find a specialist who deals with PE. You may also like to read the article: Who to contact for sex therapy. Other people also read: Impotence (erectile dysfunction): why does ED occur? Checking yourself for testicular cancer: why self-examine? Penile discharge: what are the symptoms? Sexually transmitted diseases (STDs): here are conditions currently being seen by NHS genitourinary medicine (GUM) clinics. Last updated 04.06.2015Recommended Delayed ejaculation (retarded ejaculation) Penis enlargement Erection What is Peyronie's disease? More from Sexual health Sexual health ED treatments summary Help is at hand!By Helen Marshall Sexual health Ovarian cysts Find out what ovarian cysts are and how are they diagnosed By Dr Karen Morton, consultant obstetrician and gynaecologist Sexual health Spots on the penis Most spots that you might find on your penis are likely to be completely harmless By Dr David Delvin Sexual health Syphilis What are the causes, symptoms and treatment of syphilis By Dr David Delvin Sexual health What it's like to try to have sex when your vagina won't open Vaginismus affects more women than you'd think By Catriona Harvey-Jenner Sexual health Male menopause, androgen deficiency and PADAMThe term 'male menopause', or andropause, is probably not accurate. Instead, experts prefer to talk about 'partial androgen deficiency of... Reviewed by Chris Dawson Sexual health Anxiety and sex Anxiety can easily affect your sex life. Find out here what sort of anxieties that we are talking about? 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moon spiritual meaning

A Time of Opportunity A Full Moon is a lunar phase that happens when the moon is on the opposite side of the earth from the sun, and is a significant period among spiritual societies. In astrology, planets and heavenly bodies are considered as energy beings, affecting the life and states of people on earth.

A Time of Opportunity

Each planet is associated with a physical, emotional and mental quality. The placement of planets and their distances from earth in this case are important factors in determining the quality and intensity of their influence. Moon symbolizes the mind & emotions and because of its closeness to earth it is one of the most influential heavenly bodies on the life of people on earth. Although in many instances in folklore literature full moon is associated with insanity, insomnia and psychological disturbance, as the term lunatic proposes, for spiritual practitioners full moon is a time of greater activity, opportunity and development. In fact in Buddhism it is believed that different phases of Lord Buddha’s life and development have all occurred during various full moons, which makes full moon a sacred time in Buddhism. It is said that Lord Buddha was born on a full moon day. His renunciation, his enlightenment and the delivery of his first sermon have all happened during full moons. He also left his body on a full moon day. So the question is, what makes people have diverse experiences during the full moon? From insanity, violence, crime, and accidents to romance, spiritual experiences and illumination? In fact during full moon, everything will be magnified, good and bad. Therefore full moon can be both viewed as a time of crisis as well as a time of opportunity. It depends on our overall state and activity during the full moon day to cultivate its positive or negative effects. Spiritual practitioners in this case, use the magnifying effects of the full moon to deepen their spiritual practice and meditation and to be of greater help to humanity. On the exact time of the full moon, as well as two days before and 2 days after, the effects are maximum. Therefore many practitioners worldwide try to stay away from sensual worldly life and focus their attention to spiritual development. Some further observe certain spiritual disciplines such as fasting to purify their vehicles and prepare themselves for the greater downpour of divine energies. It is highly advisable thus, even if no spiritual practice is followed, to refrain from various commitments, stay calm and relax the mind during the full moon day to avoid possible emotional and mental fluctuations. It is believed among the theosophy masters that during full moon “closer rapport between humanity and the Hierarchy is possible,” thus group meditations and reciting the Great Invocation during full moon can help in increasing spiritual awareness and global consciousness.“The spirit of Invocation, of longing for and reaching for contact with higher beings is strengthened at Full Moon. At each Full Moon, a stream of love is poured forth by all Masters and initiates who have taken at least the Third Initiation.”Master Djwhal Khul Therefore full moons are important periods for Pranic Healers worldwide, as they gather in groups to practice Meditation of Twin Hearts for individual benefit as well as the benefit of the entire earth. References Group, B. S. (n.d.). The Moon and Religious Observances. Retrieved from Buddha Sasana: http://www.budsas.org/ebud/whatbudbeliev/217.htm Brooks, C. (n.d.). Alice Bailey, Lucis Trust, and The Reappearance of The Christ. Retrieved from In Plain Site: http://www.inplainsite.org/html/alice_bailey_and_lucis_trust.html Jaitly, P. S. (n.d.). Significance of Full Moon. Retrieved from Vedic Astrology: http://www.panditjaitly.com/?p=2934Posted by Prana World April 15, 2013Spirituality Tags: full moon, Master Djwhal Khul, meditation, twin hearts, wesak 932Share: Related Articles What is Spirituality? Awakening the New Humanity with Group Consciousness Individual Karma, Collective Karma The Garden of Life – Reflections on Nature Prana Food | Tomato 5 Things to Know about Our Physical Body2 Commentstess g salazar September 22, 2013 Replyso grateful and thankful for sharing your brilliance in making the videos “yoga, yoga arhatic yoga”, and “meditation on twin hearts” … God bless you thru GMCKS with abundance Author Prana World September 23, 2013 Reply Thank you so much Tess, glad you liked it…Leave a reply Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked *Comment Name*Email*Website


what causes prostate stones

Toxins found in the urine allow for bacteria to form that leads to prostate infection and the formation of prostate calcification. Prostate calcification, or prostate stones are believed to be a leading cause of chronic prostatitis and chronic pelvic pain syndrome. Prostate stones are fairly common in men over age 50, and affect up to 75% of middle-aged men who have enlarged prostate or prostate infection.

"Home > Men's Health Articles > Natural Treatment to Eliminate Prostate Stones for Good Natural Treatment to Eliminate Prostate Stones for Good By Ken Weisson Share Tweet Share Share0 comments A common prostate health problem faced by millions of men is something called Prostate calcification, or prostate stones. This is a very common cause of chronic prostatitis (prostate infection) or chronic pelvic pain syndrome, and is reported to affect up to 75% of men between the ages of 45 and 65 who report prostate health symptoms, such as enlarged prostate and chronic prostatistis, or prostate infection and are very common in men over age 50. While annoying and even painful, often resulting in frequent prostate pain; painful ejaculation; dry ejaculation, in which a male reaches climax during sexual intercourse or masturbation without the release of semen; or weak urine stream, most urologists do not consider Prostate calcification to be a dangerous or life threatening condition in itself but can be related to prostate cancer. What are Prostate Stones? Prostate stones, appear to be calcified proteinaceous bodies called corpora amylacea, is believed to be caused by prostatic fluid build up in the prostate ducts that is not flushed away by ejaculation or blood that nourishes the prostate. This form of prostatitis are also believed to be caused by urine that flows from urethra into the prostatic ducts and not through the penis.

Interestingly, some men with prostate calcification never experience any pain or discomfort. Symptom of Prostate Stones (Prostatitis)Frequent Pain and swelling of the prostate gland. Enlarged prostate (BPH). Pain in the groin. Weak urine stream. Painful ejaculation. Grainy sand-like pebbles that may be discharged during urination or ejaculation. Symptoms disappear temporarily with prostate mediation or antibiotics, but the pain and symptoms eventually return. Elevated PSA score. Lower urinary tract infection Prostate stones can be determined through a routine prostate exam, PSA test or ultrasound to detect the presence of prostate stones. If left untreated, prostate stones can become infected and can lead to prostatitis, also known as prostate infection, and are frequently a leading source of chronic prostate infection. Natural Treatment for Prostate Stones Too often western medical doctors only prescribe antibiotics as the preferred treatment for Prostate infection , but this is often found to be ineffective. Antibiotics temporarily remedy the infection, but not the source of the infection, so the breeding ground remains, only to have the painful symptoms recur in one to three months. The key is to eliminate the prostate stones, which is where the toxic bacteria lives, and antibiotics are not designed to remove the stones. Most doctors now recommend a cocktail of antibiotics to clear the infection, along with magnesium and zinc supplements. Magnesium and zinc, which are often prescribed to people with kidney stones, seem to be effective in helping break up the prostate stones, so they can pass with the urine. Some men find that prostate massage, which increases healthy blood flow and oxygen to the prostate, helps flush away prostate calcification and helps men achieve a prostate orgasm, which clears blocked prostate ducts of toxic bacteria and build up of prostatic fluid. Diet modification is recommended that eliminates processed sugars, saturated fats from red meat, sodium and dairy products. Exercising a minimum of three times per week for a minimum of 30 minutes is recommended. Anecdotal evidence seems to suggest that taking an effective magnesium supplement, and zinc helps to break up these stones and you may see “gravel” in your semen or urine if this occurs. Other doctors say that there is no dietary change or supplement that will help with stones caused by prostatic secretions. So that issue is controversial. If you have prostatic calcification talk to you doctor to see what he or she thinks. Natural prostatitis treatments for treating inflammation associated with prostatic calcification include magnesium supplements, prostate massage, diet modification, and elimination of foods from your diet, like simple sugars, saturated fats from red meat, and dairy products. Eat healthy foods that reduce inflammation like heart-healthy fats, fatty fish rich in omega-3 fatty acids, and foods high in lycopene (tomatoes and watermelon). Stones in the prostate are very common. They appear to be calcified proteinaceous bodies called corpora amylacea. The are thought to occur because the secretions of the prostate cannot get out of the gland because of the disarray of the architecture of the ducts due to BPH or benign prostatic hypertrophy, an almost universal growth of the prostate in men as they age. It is thought that these secretions dry out or become “inspissated” and form into a round proteinaceous body, much like a pearl in an oyster. They then become calcified. Conclusion: While prostate stones, which are quite common in men over age 50, can be an annoyance, they are not dangerous if treated effectively and timely. Lack of treatment, including supplementation with magnesium, prostate massage and diet modification, can lead to chronic prostatitis, which can be painful and difficult to eliminate if the bacteria becomes formed into the calcified prostate stones. This can lead to long term pain and discomfort in the groin area. Sources:http://radiopaedia.org/articles/prostatic-calcification Prostatic Calcification and Prostatitis Prostatic Calcification and Prostatitis Prostatic calcification, or prostate stones, are one cause of chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome. The stones are pretty common in men. Approximately 75% of middle-aged men have prostatic calcification. The stones themselves do not usually cause symptoms and may be related to an enlarged prostate from benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and … Continue reading Word Press Embed HTML Embed Copy and paste this URL into your Word Press site to embedhttp://www.drugs.com/answers/magnesium-chloride-good-prostate-674388.htmlhttp://www.chinamedcure.com/calc.htmhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3364472/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corpora_amylacea Follow Me Ken Weiss Ken Weiss is a health blogger who is passionate about natural and holistic cures for men's health issues. He is the founder of menshealthcures.com Share this: Like this: Loading... Related Why Prostate Massage is Good For Your Health03/14/2018In ""Guest Authors""Why Sex is Good for Prostate Health04/10/2015In ""Men's Health Articles""High Island Health Pro-State Prostate Massager Review05/17/2010In ""Product Reviews""chronic prostatitis cure prostate stones prostate calcification prostate stonesprostatitis prostatitis cure prostatitis symptoms prostatitis treatment About Ken Weiss Ken Weiss is a health blogger who is passionate about natural and holistic cures for men's health issues. He is the founder of menshealthcures.com Related Posts Bell Prostate Ezee Flow Tea: How a Cup of Tea Can Treat BPH? Prostate Cradle Review – External Prostate Massage to Cure Enlarged Prostate Prostavar RX Review Source Naturals Prosta-Response Review "


what do decomposers and scavengers

What is the role of decomposers scavengers in an ecosytem? Scavengers are small animals like mice and birds who eat small plants and grasses. Decomposers eat or break down dead organisms such as dead plants and animals.

What is the role of decomposers in an ecosystem?the role of a decomposer in an ecosystem is to use waste materials and dead organisms for food. Hailey Redd 8 Contributionsfunny, always happy, enthusiastic, caring, and a HUGE animal lover (mainly cats : P)What role do decomposers have in an ecosystem? Decomposers are an essential part of any ecosystem. Their most important role is to break down organic material for the producers to use as energy. Most decomposers are ba …What is the role of a scavenger have in an ecosystem? Its The 2nd Consumer. It Eats Dead Animals. One Example Of A Scavernger Is A Vulture. What role do decomposers play in an ecosystem?they do there business to do it mate Joshua Louey 37 Contributions Why are scavengers and decomposers important in an ecosystem? The decomposers and scavengers are important in the ecosystem because they get rid of the dead bodies of animals that normally would take 5 years (plus or minus) to decompose. …What role do decomposers play in the ecosystem?they provide nutrients for carnivores to make energy Heliotrope 65,192 Contributions What is the role played by the decomposer in an ecosystem? Decomposers are an essential component of any ecosystem. Their main role is to recycle nutrients in dead organisms and their wastes. Most decomposers are bacteria and fu …What is the role of a decomposer in an ecosystem?i have no idea, thats why im asking!! sorry if you searched this and hoped for an answer #imma_boss Taylor Stockdale 3 Contributions

Decomposers ar …Jkar64 145 Contributions What is the role of scavengers in an ecosystem? To clean up the remains of dead animals. What is a role of decomposers in an ecosystem? They break down wastes and dead matter. Richard Loberger 26,278 Contributions What is the role of a decomposer in the ecosystem? A decomposer breaks down the producers and consumers in the environment. A De-composer reduces items into their basic components. returning trees to nitrogen and fertilizers …

1 Scavengers and decomposers are important links in the food chain. They are like nature's trash trucks; they take care of the waste. No energy is ever wasted. When an animal dies, its body still contains energy. Scavengers and decomposers help to make the most of that leftover energy. Let's look at an example. A turkey vulture is a scavenger.

Worksheets and No Prep Teaching Resources Reading Comprehension Worksheets Food Webs and Food Chain Search: Parts of the Food Chain: Scavengers and Decomposers Food Webs and Food Chain Parts of the Food Chain: Scavengers and Decomposers Print Parts of the Food Chain: Scavengers and Decomposers Reading Comprehension with Fourth Grade Work Print Parts of the Food Chain: Scavengers and Decomposers Reading Comprehension with Fifth Grade Work Print Parts of the Food Chain: Scavengers and Decomposers Reading Comprehension with Sixth Grade Work Print Parts of the Food Chain: Scavengers and Decomposers Reading Comprehension A Short Reader Reading Leveled Helper's suggested reading level: grades 4 to 6Flesch-Kincaid grade level: 6.11Vocabularychallenging words: carrion, decomposers, flesh, scavenger, link, vulture, important, smelly, dies, chain, feast, vital, return, ringing, consume, eggs Parts of the Food Chain: Scavengers and Decomposers By Erin Horner

It eats carrion, or dead animals. When searching for food, the vulture uses his strong sense of smell. To this large bird, the smell of a rotting animal is like the ringing of a dinner bell. He swoops in and begins to feast. As he consumes the rotting (and stinky!) meal, he ingests the energy that was stored in the dead animal. 2 Soon, another link in the food chain will step in as well -- ..... For the complete story with questions: click here for printable Weekly Reading Books Create Weekly Reading Books Prepare for an entire week at once!Feedback on Parts of the Food Chain: Scavengers and Decomposers Leave your feedback on Parts of the Food Chain: Scavengers and Decomposers (use this link if you found an error in the story)Food Webs and Food Chain Food Webs and Food Chain Science Science Careers in Science Caring for Earth Clouds Dinosaurs Earth's Land Earth Earthquakes Electricity Energy Erosion Food Pyramid Food Webs and Food Chain Forces and Motion Fossils Health and Nutrition How Things Work Landforms Life Science Light Magnets Matter Moon Natural Disasters Photosynthesis Plant and Animal Cells Plants Rocks and Minerals Science Process Skills Scientific Notation Seasons Simple Machines Soil Solar System Sound Space and Stars Sun Tsunami Volcanoes Water Cycle Water Weather Copyright © 2018 ed Helper


what are mandrakes

Verse 14 begins with a record of the time Rachel requested the mandrakes Reuben found for his mother Leah during the wheat harvest. The mandrake is a Mediterranean plant with blue flowers in the winter and yellow, plum-like fruit in the summer.

Reubenâs Mandrakes

Reuben’s Mandrakes“ When Jacob came out from the field in the evening, Leah went out to meet him and said, ‘You must come in to me, for I have hired you with my son’s mandrakes.’ So he lay with her that night. And God listened to Leah, and she conceived and bore Jacob a fifth son” ( Gen. 30:16–17 ).- Genesis 30:14–18The tension that has been present for years in Jacob’s family due to the manner in which his wives envied each other comes to a boiling point after the birth of Asher to Leah’s maidservant ( Gen. 30:13 ). Though doubtlessly well-known, the unspoken hostility between Rachel and her sister finds expression publicly in today’s passage.

It has been desired in many cultures because of a belief that it is an aphrodisiac and promotes fertility. These qualities, coupled with the fact it was only rarely found in Paddan-aram where they lived ( Gen. 28:5 ), explains why both Leah and Rachel desired the plant. Rachel herself has not borne any children, Leah has become temporarily infertile (29:31–30:13), and both are seeking a cure in the mandrake. Again, the primary players in the chapter do not come off all that positively. Rachel and Leah are both showing superstition by putting their hope in a plant without asking God’s blessing on the potential medicine ( Ps. 113:9 ). It is no wonder that Leah accuses Rachel of stealing her husband since Jacob’s profound and sinful neglect of Leah ( 1 Cor. 7:1–5) is evident in her willingness to trade the rare mandrakes for just one night with him. Rachel, in a sense, prostitutes Jacob by offering him to Leah for the desired fruit ( Gen. 30:15) and is plainly more concerned to bear children of her own than she is for her sister’s welfare. Both women are willing to barter for relational and sexual intimacy, things that should never be so grossly traded. Moses tells us God listened to Leah and gave her a son even though her prayer is not recorded (vv. 16–17). Ironically, the blessing of fertility comes not to the one who ate the “magical” fruit, but to the one who gave it away. By these two facts, the Lord shows His people that their superstitions are worthless, for He is sovereign over procreation. Still, Leah shows us how God often compassionately blesses us even when we act manipulatively to get our way. Coram Deo Many passages of Scripture warn the people of God against sorcery, astrology, and other similar practices ( Ex. 22:18; Rev. 22:15 ). Most of us probably do not engage in such things, but superstitions remain part of the lives of many Christians. For example, some believers think praying the same prayer every day will guarantee a certain result. Take care to cast all superstitions from your life and trust in the Lord’s sovereign will that is working for your good. Passages for Further Study1 Sam. 28 Isa. 54:1Luke 1:5–25Acts 13:4–12For permissions, please see our Copyright Policy .


what county is owatonna

The Steele County Courthouse is located in Owatonna, MN. This district court has original jurisdiction in all civil, family, probate, juvenile, criminal, and traffic cases filed in Steele County. This court is part of the Third Judicial District.

STEELE COUNTY DISTRICT COURT

STEELE COUNTY DISTRICT COURTSteele County Courthouse 111 East Main Street Owatonna, MN 55060 Phone: (507) 444-7701 Fax: (507) 444-7491 Juror Call-in Line: (507) 444-7710 Traffic Fees/Information: (800) 657-3611 Court Administrator: Robin Hoesley Directions Public parking is available in the lot on the south side of the courthouse, as well as on the street. Business Hours: Mon-Fri 8 a.m.-4:30 p.m. I need... Ignition Interlock Program Steele Juror Information Steele Language Access Plan Bias or Discrimination Complaint Form – 2016

For District information, Administrative Orders and District Policies visit the Third Judicial District Administration Courthouse History Judge Biographies Court Fees Steele County Website Steele County Law Library Court Calendar Court calendars reflect scheduled courtroom hearings, but they do not include all matters handled by the court each day. Confidential cases and cases that are not remotely accessible under Minn. R. Pub. Access 8, subd. 2 are not posted in this calendar. If your case does not appear on the calendar, do not assume that your court appearance has been cancelled or rescheduled. The calendar is in searchable PDF format. You can use your computer or mobile device to find your name or the name of an attorney. Steele County Daily Court Calendar Please note: Calendar hearings are subject to change as there are often changes in scheduled cases, judge assignments, and courtroom assignments. If you have any questions about the calendar, please contact the local court administrator’s office. Information in the calendar is subject to the MN Rules of Public Access


what is javascript?

s Question: What is Java Script? Answer: Java Script is a scripting language designed primarily for adding interactivity to Web pages and creating Web applications. The language was first implemented by Netscape Communications Corp. in Netscape Navigator 2 beta (1995). Java Script is different from the Java language (developed in the 1990s at Sun Microsystems).

What Is Java Script? Contents | Java Script FAQ | Basic Syntax & General Question

However, the two languages can interoperate well. Client-side Java Script programs, or scripts, can be embedded directly in HTML source of Web pages. ( Note: There is also server-side Java Script, but it's beyond the scope of this FAQ collection.) Depending on the Web developer's intent, script code may run when the user opens the Web page, clicks or drags some page element with the mouse, types something on the keyboard, submits a form, or leaves the page. Java Script is an object-oriented language with prototypal inheritance . The language supports several built-in objects, and programmers can create or delete their own objects. Prototypal inheritance makes Java Script very different from other popular programming languages such as C++, C#, or Java featuring classes and classical inheritance . Java Script does not have classes in the C++ or Java sense. In Java Script, objects can inherit properties directly from each other, forming the object prototype chain. Java Script is an interpreted language, with optional JIT-compilation support. In older implementations (e.g. Internet Exlorer 8 and earlier, Firefox prior to 3.5), Java Script was a purely interpreted language . This means that scripts execute without preliminary compilation , i.e. without conversion of the script text into system-dependent machine code. The user's browser interprets the script, that is, analyzes and immediately executes it. In modern implementations, Java Script code may be either interpreted or compiled using a just-in-time (JIT) compiler. At run time, the browser decides whether (parts of) script code should be JIT-compiled for better performance. This makes Java Script significantly faster and therefore more suitable for complex performance-demanding Web applications. Recent versions of all popular browsers have Java Script JIT-compilers. Java Script is widely supported. It is available in the following browsers: Netscape Navigator (beginning with version 2.0)Microsoft Internet Explorer (beginning with version 3.0)Firefox Safari Opera Google Chrome Any other browser whose vendor licensed or implemented Java Script. Thus, most Internet users today have browsers that support Java Script. That's why Java Script is one of the most popular tools in the Web developer's arsenal.


what does chop stand for in chemotherapy treatments

"For other uses, see Chop (disambiguation). CHOP is the acronym for a chemotherapy regimen used in the treatment of non-Hodgkin lymphoma. CHOP consists of: (C) yclophosphamide, an alkylating agent which damages DNA by binding to it and causing the formation of cross-links

CHOP

(H) ydroxydaunorubicin (also called doxorubicin or adriamycin), an intercalating agent which damages DNA by inserting itself between DNA bases (O) ncovin ( vincristine ), which prevents cells from duplicating by binding to the protein tubulin (P) rednisone or (P) rednisolone, which are corticosteroids. Sometimes the chimeric anti- CD20 monoclonal antibody, rituximab, is added to this treatment regimen to form the R-CHOP regimen. Contents [ hide ]1 Dosing regimen2 Uses and indications3 Side-effects and complications4 History5 [R]-CHOEP modification6 See also7 References Dosing regimen [ edit]Drug Standard [R]-CHOP-14 or [R]-CHOP-21 [R]-Maxi-CHOP Mode Days (R) ituximab 375 mg/m² 375 mg/m² IV infusion Day 1 (C) yclophosphamide 750 mg/m² 1200 mg/m² IV infusion Day 1 (H) ydroxydaunorubicin 50 mg/m² 75 mg/m² IV bolus Day 1 (O) ncovin 1.4 mg/m² (max. 2 mg) 2 mg IV bolus Day 1 (P) rednisone or (P) rednisolone 40 mg/m² 100 mg PO qd Days 1-5R-Maxi-CHOP is used in mantle cell lymphoma and is given in 21-day intervals, alternating with R-HDAC (rituximab + high-dose cytarabine). [1]In most other non-Hodgkin lymphomas (excluding some aggressive forms), standard-dose [R]-CHOP is generally used as first-line therapy. Uses and indications [ edit]Normal cells are more able than cancer cells to repair damage from chemotherapy drugs. This regimen can also be combined with the monoclonal antibody rituximab if the lymphoma is of B cell origin; this combination is called R-CHOP. Typically, courses are administered at an interval of two or three weeks (CHOP-14 and CHOP-21 respectively). A staging CT scan is generally performed after three cycles to assess whether the disease is responding to treatment. In patients with a history of cardiovascular disease, doxorubicin (which is cardiotoxic) is often deemed to be too great a risk and is omitted from the regimen. The combination is then referred to as COP (cyclophosphamide, Oncovin, and prednisone or prednisolone) or CVP (cyclophosphamide, vincristine, and prednisone or prednisolone). Side-effects and complications [ edit]The combination is generally well tolerated. [2] Chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting may require antiemetics (such as ondansetron ), and hemorrhagic cystitis is prevented with administration of mesna. Alopecia (hair loss) is common. Neutropenia generally develops in the second week. During this period, many clinicians recommend pegfilgrastim or prophylactic use of ciprofloxacin. [1] If a fever develops in the neutropenic period, urgent medical assessment is required for neutropenic sepsis, as infections in patients with low neutrophil counts may progress rapidly. Allopurinol is typically co-administered prophylactically to prevent hyperuricemia that results from tumor lysis syndrome, the result of rapid death of tumor cells. History [ edit]A pivotal study published in 1993 compared CHOP to several other chemotherapy regimens (e.g. m-BACOD, Pro MACE-Cyta BOM, MACOP-B) for advanced non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. [2] CHOP emerged as the regimen with the least toxicity but similar efficacy. However, in Germany in 2012, bendamustine has displaced [R-]CHOP to become the first line treatment of choice for indolent lymphoma (a less aggressive subset of non-Hodgkin lymphoma). [3] [R]-CHOEP modification [ edit]In order to develop more effective first-line chemotherapy regimen for aggressive lymphomas, some researchers tried to add (E) toposide to the standard [R]-CHOP regimen. [4]There were also attempts to further improve the efficacy of the [R]-CHOEP regimen with escalating the chemotherapy doses. This mode was called [R]-High-CHOEP. However, it did not show more effectiveness than standard-dose [R]-CHOEP while adding more toxicity and cost. [5]In order to try improving efficacy of the [R]-CHOEP, some researchers tried to escalate chemotherapy to very high doses, requiring autologic stem cell support in each cycle. Doses in that regimen were increased from cycle to cycle. This regimen was called [R]-Mega CHOEP. But again, such escalation seemed to not improve effectiveness while adding toxicity. [6]Drug Standard [R]-CHOEP [R]-High-CHOEP [R]-Mega-CHOEP, cycle 1 [R]-Mega-CHOEP, cycles 2 and 3 [R]-Mega-CHOEP, cycle 4 (last) Mode Days (R) ituximab375 mg/m² 375 mg/m² 375 mg/m² 375 mg/m² 375 mg/m² IV infusion Day 1 (C) yclophosphamide750 mg/m² 1400 mg/m² 1500 mg/m² 4500 mg/m² 6000 mg/m² IV infusion Day 1 (H) ydroxydaunorubicin50 mg/m² 65 mg/m² 70 mg/m² 70 mg/m² 70 mg/m² IV bolus Day 1 (O) ncovin1,4 mg/m² (max 2 mg) 2 mg 2 mg 2 mg 2 mg IV bolus Day 1 (E) toposide100 mg/m² 175 mg/m² 600 mg/m² 960 mg/m² 1480 mg/m² IV infusion Days 1-3 (P) rednisone or (P) rednisolone40 mg/m² 100 mg 500 mg 500 mg 500 mg PO qd Days 1-5See also [ edit]Chemotherapy regimens EPOCH chemotherapy References [ edit]^ Cullen M, Steven N, Billingham L, Gaunt C, Hastings M, Simmonds P, Stuart N, Rea D, Bower M, Fernando I, Huddart R, Gollins S, Stanley A (2005). ""Antibacterial prophylaxis after chemotherapy for solid tumors and lymphomas"". N Engl J Med. 353 (10): 988–98. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa050078. PMID 16148284.^ Fisher RI, Gaynor ER, Dahlberg S, Oken MM, Grogan TM, Mize EM, Glick JH, Coltman CA Jr, Miller TP (1993). ""Comparison of a standard regimen (CHOP) with three intensive chemotherapy regimens for advanced non-Hodgkin's lymphoma"". N Engl J Med. 328 (14): 1002–6. doi: 10.1056/NEJM199304083281404. PMID 7680764.^ Nordic Protocol (Maxi-CHOP and High Dose Cytarabine) for Mantle Cell Lymphoma (MCL)^ http://www.macmillan.org.uk/cancerinformation/cancertreatment/treatmenttypes/chemotherapy/combinationregimen/r-chop.aspx^ New Combo Replaces CHOP for Lymphoma. Dec 2012^ Two-weekly or 3-weekly CHOP chemotherapy with or without etoposide for the treatment of young patients with good-prognosis (normal LDH) aggressive lymphomas: results of the NHL-B1 trial of the DSHNHL^ Dose-escalated CHOEP for the treatment of young patients with aggressive non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma: II. Results of the randomized high-CHOEP trial of the German High-Grade Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma Study Group (DSHNHL)^ Conventional chemotherapy (CHOEP-14) with rituximab or high-dose chemotherapy (Mega CHOEP) with rituximab for young, high-risk patients with aggressive B-cell lymphoma: an open-label, randomised, phase 3 trial (DSHNHL 2002-1) "


what is the endocrine system responsible for?

s - the primary responsibility of the endocrine system is to regulate the body's growth and development, control the function of various tissues, support pregnancy and other reproductive functions and regulates metabolism - the endocrine organs secrete the hormones directly into the bloodstream - the hormones binds with special proteins

Components of the Endocrine System

9 terms Michellegrac3Components of the Endocrine System Learn Flashcards Write Spell Test Match Gravity Advertisement Upgrade to remove ads Sort Endocrine system - it is a group of specialized organs and body tissues that produce, store and secrete chemical susbtances known as hormone

- the proteins will transport the hormones to the target tissues - which is then received by the receptros in the target organs where they induce chemical changes in response to the body's needs Components of the Endocrine system 1. hypothalamus 2. pituitary gland 3. thyroid gland 4. parathyroid glads 5. adrenal 6. pineal 7. reproductive Hypothalamus directs all the activities of the pituitary gland, also known as the coordinator of the endocrine system Pituitary gland is known as the mater gland; consists of 2 lobes anterior and posterior 1. anterior lobe - regulates activitis of the throid and adrenal glands, reproductive glands, the body' growth and stimulates milk production in breast-feeing women - hormone secreted include: a. adenocorticortrophic hormone (ACTH) - plays a key role in cortisol release b. hypothalamus - upon sensing a low ACTH level, sends corticotrophin, releasing hormone CRH to pituitary to stimulate ACTH secretion, which stimulates the adrenal glands to release cortisol 2. thyrotropic hormone (TSH) 3. Leutinizing hormone (LH) 4. Follicale stimulating hormone (FSH) 5. growth hormone (HG) 6. Prolactin (endorphins) (chemical which acts on nervous system to decrease sensitivity to pain) 7. Posterior love contains nerve endings called axons from the hypothalamus, which stimulates or suppresses hormone production - hormones secrete: antidiuretic hormone (ADH), oxytoxin Thyroid glands secrete thryoxine and thri-iodothyronine, and thyrocalcitonin, for regulation of growth and metabolism Parathyroid glads are four small glands located behind the thyroid glands, regulate the level of Ca in the blood Adrenal is located on top of each kidney with 2 parts 1. adrenal cortex - outer part - produces corticosteriods such as cortisol - cortisol regulates water and salt balance in the blood - affect BP and cardiac function - had anti stress action - regulates metabolism of CHO, protein and fats (anti-insulin) - reduces the body'd inflammatory response, and infuences sexual function 2. adrenal medulla - inner part - produces cathecolamines such as epinephrine (adrenaline), which increases bp and hr Pineal body is located in the middle of the brain - secrete melatonin (a hormone regulates wake up sleep cycle)Reproductive glands - glands are gonads which secrete sex hormones - ovaries in women produce egg cells, estrogen, progesterone - Testes, in scrotum of men - produce spern and sex hormones (androgens-testosterone)


description of how early pregnancy bloating feels

Bloating In Early Pregnancy Facts About Bloating in Early Pregnancy Bloating in early pregnancy is uncomfortable and it feels unsightly. Of course, you know the feeling that comes along with your monthly menstruation, so in early pregnancy bloating is no stranger.

Bloating In Early Pregnancy

So why is this happening? Well, when you first become pregnant, your hormones are going crazy. That’s the only way to describe it. This is the cause of bloating in early pregnancy because your body forms gas in the intestinal tract more easily than usual. Why does this happen? Well, the higher amount of progesterone is the culprit. This hormone relaxes the smooth muscle tissue in your body, including the muscles in the gastro-intestinal tract. This slows down the rate of digestion in your body. Since the food is sitting in your intestinal tract for so much extra time, the food begins to ferment and gas begins to build up. So how to you combat bloating in early pregnancy? Cutting down on the amount of salt you eat is one way. Combine this with drinking a lot of water and you will find the bloating feeling gets better. You might also find that there are certain types of food that cause more gas in your system than other types of food. The best thing to do is avoid these foods. Avoiding large meals and foods that typically take a long time to digest, such as fatty, fried foods, also helps. Some of the primary culprits among foods are beans, cabbage, cauliflower, Brussels sprouts, broccoli, and asparagus. This is because they contain a sugar called raffinose, which commonly causes gas in people. Other foods to avoid may be onions, pears, artichokes, and starchy foods such as potatoes and pasta. If you are lactose intolerant, then you need to make an extra special effort to avoid foods that contain dairy. If you are only mildly lactose intolerant, you might be surprised at how your body handles dairy in early pregnancy. Some other tips to help reduce the amount of bloating in early pregnancy include drinking less with your meals, chewing your food more thoroughly, avoiding carbonated drinks, drinking from a glass or a cup instead of sucking through a straw or bottle, getting lots of exercise, avoiding smoking, avoiding the artificial sweetener Sorbitol, avoiding chewing gum or sucking on hard candies, and wearing loose, comfortable clothing as much as possible. Rest assured that, while bloating in early pregnancy is uncomfortable, it will go away as time moves on. And of course, when all is said and done, the little bundle of joy you end up with will be worth every second of discomfort. Just keep your end goal – a healthy baby – in mind and enjoy every second of your pregnancy.