which quarks have a positive charge

An up quark (+2/3) would have a positive (+) charge type mono-charge with a +1 charge strength join a negative charge type mono-charge with a -1/3 charge strength to get a net +2/3 charge for that formed elemental particle. Conversely, a down quark would have a -2/3 mono-charge joined with a +1/3 mono-charge for a net -1/3 charge.

"Standard Model of Particle Physics Quarks Quantum Field Theory Theoretical Physics Why do quarks only have charges of +2/3 or -1/3? Not 1/3 or -2/3?5 Answers David Kahana, physicist unhinged Answered May 7, 2014 · Author has 4.7k answers and 6.6m answer views In the standard Gell-Mann Zweig formulation of the quark model, antiquarks have charges of -2/3 e and 1/3 e, while each antiquark has baryon number -1/3, and each quark has baryon number 1/3. Composite fermions, such as protons and neutrons, are built from 3 quarks, as was later realised to be a consequence of the SU (3) gauge theory of which the quarks are in a fundamental representation. The theory requires that, due to non-perturbative interactions, baryons be built up of three quarks so as to maintain colour neutrality. Objects that are not colour neutral have infinite energy. Yet the electric charge of the proton exactly equals that of the electron, to a very, very high degree of precision. So the charge assignments 2/3 e and -1/3 e for quarks are one way that works for model building - in that this assignment allows for a proton, with a 2/3 e up quark, a 2/3 e up quark and a -1/3 e down quark configuration to have charge +e, and for a neutron with a udd configuration, to have electric charge 0 e. But there are also antiparticles of the neutron and proton, as well as more exotic anti-baryons, which would include (anti)-quarks with charges -2/3 e, and 1/3 e. Now all that having been said, it should be understood that the above, Gell-Mann Zweig charge assignments for the quark charges, are not the only possible charge assignments. It is actually possible to use integral charges for all the quarks, according to a scheme invented by Han and Nambu, which has not however become very widely used. In the Han-Nambu scheme, there were three quark colours, just as with the scheme of Gell-Man and Zweig. But the quark charges were all integral. For the first generation of quarks, in the Han-Nambu scheme, there were blue green and red quarks, which came in up and down versions. The blue and green up quark had charge e, and the blue up quark had baryon number 1, while the red up quark had charge 0, and the green and red up quarks had no baryon number. The blue and green down quarks had charge 0, and the red had charge -e, while the blue down quark had baryon number 1. These may sound like very different, schema but they are actually completely equivalent for model building at the lowest level. The scheme of Gell-Mann and Zweig is the one that won out. So we talk of ""fractional"" quark charges today, But what is often forgotten is that quarks are confined and can never actually escape to spatial infinity, so that we can directly measure their electric charges individually - this implies that their masses and their charges are ambiguous. Mass and charge are properties of asymptotic states in the LSZ formalism, Quarks, which are colored, do not exist as asymptotic states in QCD.570 Views · View Upvoters Related Questions More Answers Below Is there a solid theory behind the seeming coincidence of the charge of electrons, up and down quarks having integer ratio’s (-3: vs 2 vs -1)? If quarks have charges +2/3 e and -1/3 e, then why are the electron and proton still called to have fundamental charges? Is there a connection between the division by 3 of the electrical charge on a quark and the fact that the color charge is tripolar? Why does an electron have -1 charge, and quarks have +2/3 or -1/3? What is the electric charge of a quark? Ask New Question Akshaye Badiger, Repair Engineer at Rolls-Royce Extended Center, Quest Global Answered May 6, 2014 · Author has 56 answers and 159.1k answer views If you take an electron, a neutrino, three up quarks, and three down quarks (you take three quarks of each kind because they come in three different colours, and quantum field theory sees as distinct entities, so you should too) you realize that the sum of their charges is zero. This is a convenient thing, but it is not by chance that it arises in our universe. It is a thing called ""anomaly cancellation"" what forces the sum of charges of each fermion family to nullify. In general, the word ""anomaly"" has a different meaning in this blog, but I am an experimentalist after all. For a theorist, an anomaly is a loss of symmetry of a classical theory when the theory is quantized. It comes about from quantum effects that give a non-null contribution to the divergence of a conserved current. Here I should open a long parenthesis where I would explain conserved currents, Noether's theorem, and the connections to the symmetry of a theory. I think there are better places where you may learn these things, so I just claim that it is not crucial that you fully understand these concepts to get to the bottom of this post and get a kick out of it. If gauge currents -mediated by the photon, the W, and the Z- are anomalous we lose a property of the theory described by ""Ward identities"", and that is bad because upon Ward identities is based the renormalizability of the theory. A renormalizable theory is necessary to make sense of it and allow us to work out results; a non-renormalizable theory requires an infinite number of parameters, corresponding to arbitrary cut-offs we must impose on the momentum circulating in virtual loops of particles. It was 't Hooft who showed that local gauge theories are renormalizable, making them an instant hit for particle theorists at the start of the seventies. So the standard model, the theory we all know and love, is only renormalizable if the triangular diagrams that couple an axial current to two vector currents cancel their contribution all together. An example of such diagrams is shown on the right, where an axial-vector current couples to the third component of weak isospin of the fermion in the triangular fermion loop from the left, and two vector currents couple to the electric charge of the fermion on the right. Note that if these diagrams cancel at lowest order, they will do so at every order and the theory remains renormalizable. The beautiful cancellation of triangle anomaly comes about because we find that there is cancelation of these contributions family by family [where we are considering all fermions of a family as the combinations like (u,d,ν,e), (c,s,ν,μ), etcetera] if the triangle diagrams with one incoming axial current (which brings in a I_3,A factor of the fermion in the loop) and the two vector currents (which have two factors proportional to the fermion charges Q, since the amplitude of the photon-fermion coupling is proportional to the charge) overall cancel. We need to have in other words: Σ [I_3,A * Q^2] = 0, where Σ denotes the sum over members of one family. With an electron, three up, and three down quarks, we find: (I_3,A)_e * Q_e^2 + N_c * [ (I_3,A)_u * (Q_u)^2 + (I_3,A)_d * (Q_d)^2 ] (where I hope symbols are understandable: N_c is the number of colours of quarks, I_3,A are the third component of weak isospins, and Q are the electric charges). This becomes: -1/2 * (-1)^2 + 3* [1/2* (2/3)^2 -1/2* (-1/3)^2] = 0. So anomalies do cancel ! Also please note that if the up and down charges were f and 1-f, with f different from 2/3 (say in a different universe), the equality would be lost ! Credits. Mr. Tommaso Dorigo427 Views · View Upvoters Jay Wacker, Taught field theory several times Answered May 7, 2014 · Author has 4.2k answers and 15.5m answer views So this is a deep question that we don't know the full answer to, but we know a lot about what goes into making consistent charge assignments and what types of theories can answer this question. The Standard Model of Particle Physics doesn't have electromagnetism (or its charges) as a fundamental ingredient. It is a derived property that arises in the after effect of the Higgs boson acquiring its vacuum expectation value. Before the Higgs boson acquired its vacuum expectation value, the Standard Model had two separate types of charges: Weak charges and Hypercharge. I need to introduce the concept of chirality now. If an electron is traveling near the speed of light the two electron spin states can be chosen to be one pointing in the direction of the motion (""right handed"") and one pointed in the direction opposite the motion (""left handed""). The remarkable thing about the Standard Model is that the left handed electron has different charges than the right handed electron. This is called a chiral gauge theory because the two ""chiralities"" of the electron are different. The same is true of quarks and neutrinos. Chiral gauge theories are very special. Most don't make sense. To make sense there has to be very special charges that work. And this forces quarks to have charges of +2/3 and -1/3 of the electron's charge which causes protons to have equal and opposite charge of the electron (though technically it forces the proton plus neutron's charge to be equal to the electron plus neutrino's charge). Now this is fairly satisfying. But there could be other particles out there that are like quarks that aren't chiral that have charges of +1/3 and -2/3. These would typically result in new types of strongly interacting particles (called hadrons) that would have fractional charge. We only have empirical observation to know that this isn't the case and in fact, it is very difficult to concretely disprove that there aren't quarks with these properties. One way that we could know this is if we discovered a grand unified theory. Grand unified theories predict the charges of objects and tell us which charges are allow and aren't allowed. In most grand unified theories, it is difficult to get exotically charged quarks. But we have as yet not discovered direct evidence for grand unified theories, so we don't know if the Standard Model arises from one and if that one forbids exotically charged quarks.4.2k Views · View Upvoters · Answer requested by Frank Heile Your response is private. Is this answer still relevant and up to date? Ian Miller, Independent physical scientist, author Answered Nov 15, 2015 · Author has 2.1k answers and 1.7m answer views First, in an antimatter world, the models would yield your alternative quarks. For ordinary matter, the simple answer is the standard model says so, however, that does not make it so. The biggest problem here is the model also says you cannot isolate a quark, so you cannot measure its charge. It is true that the standard model nicely predicts the number of particles we see, and it could well be that it is close to the truth. but we don't actually know. What we do know is the quark is a useful construct that permits the calculation of a number of properties that we do observe.237 Views · View Upvoters Kenneth D. Oglesby, Engineer, Scientist, Founder www.mcphysics.org Answered Oct 10, 2016 · Author has 2.7k answers and 268.4k answer views MC Physics would suggest that it is due to the specific quantized mono-charges that make up those particular quarks. From that theory, quarks are basic elemental particles that are made up of (at least) 2 opposite charge-type mono-charges with some of the strongest quantized electrostatic charges known.

Short answer: It is due to the particular combinations of specific quantized mono-charges (both charge type and strength) that exist in nature, per the MC Physics theory.217 Views Related Questions Why do quarks have fractional electric charge? What are the six quarks and their charges? The up quark charge is 2/3 of the electron charge. How was it calculated? Why is a proton composed of 2 up quarks and 1 down quark? What are quarks made of? What do we call the particle having one quark, and one down quark? Can a proton be created from 2 top quarks and 1 bottom quark? Electrons and up and down quarks are completely different fundamental particles. How do quarks know to carry a combined charge of +1 in the pr... Why do quarks have fractional charge? Is it possible to split a proton and see 3 quarks spin away, like in a cloud chamber? Or are quarks not visible other than as numerical aberra... Ask New Question Related Questions Is there a solid theory behind the seeming coincidence of the charge of electrons, up and down quarks having integer ratio’s (-3: vs 2 vs -1)? If quarks have charges +2/3 e and -1/3 e, then why are the electron and proton still called to have fundamental charges? Is there a connection between the division by 3 of the electrical charge on a quark and the fact that the color charge is tripolar? Why does an electron have -1 charge, and quarks have +2/3 or -1/3? What is the electric charge of a quark? Why do quarks have fractional electric charge? What are the six quarks and their charges? The up quark charge is 2/3 of the electron charge. How was it calculated? Why is a proton composed of 2 up quarks and 1 down quark? What are quarks made of? Ask New Question "


types organizational structure

When it comes to matrix structure, the organization places the employees based on the function and the product. The matrix structure gives the best of the both worlds of functional and divisional structures. In this type of an organization, the company uses teams to complete tasks. The teams are formed based on the functions they belong to (ex: software engineers) and product they are involved in (ex: Project A).

Organizational Structures

Organizational Structures Advertisements Previous Page Next Page Introduction Any operating organization should have its own structure in order to operate efficiently. For an organization, the organizational structure is a hierarchy of people and its functions. The organizational structure of an organization tells you the character of an organization and the values it believes in. Therefore, when you do business with an organization or getting into a new job in an organization, it is always a great idea to get to know and understand their organizational structure. Depending on the organizational values and the nature of the business, organizations tend to adopt one of the following structures for management purposes. Although the organization follows a particular structure, there can be departments and teams following some other organizational structure in exceptional cases. Sometimes, some organizations may follow a combination of the following organizational structures as well. Organizational Structure Types Following are the types of organizational structures that can be observed in the modern business organizations. Bureaucratic Structures Bureaucratic structures maintain strict hierarchies when it comes to people management. There are three types of bureaucratic structures:1 - Pre-bureaucratic structures This type of organizations lacks the standards. Usually this type of structure can be observed in small scale, start-up companies. Usually the structure is centralized and there is only one key decision maker. The communication is done in one-on-one conversations. This type of structures is quite helpful for small organizations due to the fact that the founder has the full control over all the decisions and operations.2 - Bureaucratic structures These structures have a certain degree of standardization. When the organizations grow complex and large, bureaucratic structures are required for management. These structures are quite suitable for tall organizations.3 - Post-bureaucratic Structures The organizations that follow post-bureaucratic structures still inherit the strict hierarchies, but open to more modern ideas and methodologies. They follow techniques such as total quality management (TQM), culture management, etc. Functional Structure The organization is divided into segments based on the functions when managing. This allows the organization to enhance the efficiencies of these functional groups. As an example, take a software company. Software engineers will only staff the entire software development department. This way, management of this functional group becomes easy and effective. Functional structures appear to be successful in large organization that produces high volumes of products at low costs. The low cost can be achieved by such companies due to the efficiencies within functional groups. In addition to such advantages, there can be disadvantage from an organizational perspective if the communication between the functional groups is not effective. In this case, organization may find it difficult to achieve some organizational objectives at the end. Divisional Structure These types of organizations divide the functional areas of the organization to divisions. Each division is equipped with its own resources in order to function independently. There can be many bases to define divisions. Divisions can be defined based on the geographical basis, products/services basis, or any other measurement. As an example, take a company such as General Electrics. It can have microwave division, turbine division, etc., and these divisions have their own marketing teams, finance teams, etc. In that sense, each division can be considered as a micro-company with the main organization. Matrix Structure

This way, there are many teams in this organization such as software engineers of project A, software engineers of project B, QA engineers of project A, etc. Conclusion Every organization needs a structure in order to operate systematically. The organizational structures can be used by any organization if the structure fits into the nature and the maturity of the organization. In most cases, organizations evolve through structures when they progress through and enhance their processes and manpower. One company may start as a pre-bureaucratic company and may evolve up to a matrix organization. Previous Page Print PDFNext Page Advertisements


how many states did the confederation of the rhine include?

The Holy Roman Empire was not quite an empire. It was much more a loose association of some 200 kingdoms, principalities, duchies, and city states. After Napoleon defeated the German armies, he rebuilt the governments into the Confederation of the Rhine so that he could more readily administer this new territory, reducing 200 to just 16. When Napoleon was defeated, things did not return to the way they were. The Congress of Vienna rebuilt a German Confederation consisting of 39 countries.

How Napoleon started the First World War August 6, 2014 Zebulon Vitruvius Pike This month marks the centenary of the beginning of The Great War. And while the June 28th, 1914 assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria is often times considered the trigger for hostilities, history seldom turns on singular events. The entire century previous had laid the foundation for conflict and it is because of that foundation that many believe the First World War to have been inevitable. I have been listening to the lectures of Professor Robert Weiner titled “The Long 19th Century” and I was struck with how early and how prominent the structures that lead to WWI appeared in the narrative. Surely, hindsight is 20/20 but even then, diplomats and world leaders saw conflict on the horizon and not only seemed powerless to stop it but actively pursued policies that would lead to war. We start with the French Revolution and Napoleon Bonaparte. The Napoleonic Wars, twelve years long with upwards of six million dead, were so devastating to Europe that the Great Powers vowed to never let such a thing happen again. To this end, at the Congress of Vienna they formed the Concert of Europe in 1815, a series of diplomatic protocols founded on the ideas of compromise and balance that would serve to mediate conflict between the Great Powers. The relatively peaceful period that reigned for rest of the first half of the century became known as the Age of Metternich, crediting the conservative and stabilizing influence of Austrian Chancellor Klemens von Metternich. But there were echoes of Napoleon that continued to ring through the Age of Metternich. Where the French army went, they also brought French administration, culture and ideals. Liberté, Égalité, Fraternité. Napoleon was defeated and the original, monarchical governments returned to power, but the seeds of revolution had been planted and in 1848, a series of revolutions swept across Europe. They lost. In pretty much every case, the revolutionaries were put down, but not without cost. While the monarchs and conservatives remained in power, quite a number of the liberal reforms demanded by the revolutionaries were enacted to placate the masses. And while still conservative, the European government some incremental changes in the interests of peace. At least, internally. As to international relations, the Revolutions of 1848 had brought about many changes in government. While those administrations were still overwhelmingly conservative, the old guard was replaced by new faces. Those who did not remember the devastation caused by the Napoleonic Wars and had no confidence in the usefulness of the Concert of Europe. A depiction of the Crimean War Nothing illustrates this change more than the Crimean War which began with Russia presenting themselves as the protector of Christendom. In the Holy Land, under the influence of the Ottoman Empire, Russia supported the Orthodox Christian minority while France promoted the rights of Catholics. One might think that these two Christian nations would cooperate against the Turks but both France and England were concerned more with the expansion of Russian influence in the region more so that the protection of Christianity. Russia invaded some Eastern European territories. Destroyed the Ottoman Black Sea Fleet. France and England countered with the invasion of the Crimea in 1853 and the ugly mess went on for three years. Under the protocols of the Concert of Europe, conflict may have been avoided. And, even after the conflict was over, the ideas of compromise and balance may have built a fair peace. Instead, harsh terms were placed on Russia by the victorious French and British allies. The Age of Metternich was over.

Otto von Bismarck The Revolutions of 1848 brought two new players onto the field. One was a new form of nationalism, born from a combination of French idealism and a conservative pragmatism. The other was Minister President of Prussia, Otto von Bismarck. Bismarck provoked a series of wars with Denmark, Austria and France and the increased prestige and power gained from those victories gave him the strength in 1871 to unite the 39 countries created by the Congress of Vienna into a single powerful nation that would dominate European politics for the rest of the 19th century. Napoleon and the Great Powers had created the conditions for Bismarck’s success a generation before. All the dominoes were in place. Gavrilo Princip’s trigger pull may have set them tumbling but, given the events of the previous thirty years, it might just have been some other event. Even the British had been fearing a German invasion as far back at 1871 when Bismarck has just unified Germany. It is perhaps only the random chance of history that Europe avoided the Great War for as long as it did. History & Sciencefacebook Twitterdel.icio.usdiggstumbleupon Google +1Pinterest


bara properties inc

Bara Properties, Inc. is a small organization in the nonresidential building operators industry located in Gretna, LA. It opened its doors in 2010 and now has an estimated $87,508 USD in yearly revenue and approximately 2 employees.

Bara Properties, Inc.Gretna - Nonresidential Building Operators

"See all Companies Guide Share Bara Properties, Inc. Gretna - Nonresidential Building Operators Address:321 Fairfield Ave Gretna, Louisiana 70056-7004United States

Find Another Company See Credit Report Advertisement Share Overview Company Information Organization Bara Properties, Inc. Industry Nonresidential Building Operators Office Address321 Fairfield Ave Gretna, Louisiana 70056-7004United States Competitor Snapshot Organization Office Address Sales Volume (Estimated) Total Employees Violet Commercial Properties Llc 1105 Jefferson St $221,157 USD 3Cima Properties 228 Briarwood Dr $160,000 USD 3Avery Properties Inc. 764 Marlene Dr $150,000 USD 3Other Companies in the Nonresidential Building Operators Industry in Gretna, LAIndustries NAICS 1: Nonresidential Property Managers SIC 1: Nonresidential Building Operators Size Sales Volume (Estimated)$87,508 USDEmployees at This Location2Total Employees2Advertisement Share People Company Employees Note: This list of contacts is supplied by Dun & Bradstreet. For more details, refer to the ""References"" section. Advertisement Share Competitors Other Companies in the Nonresidential Building Operators Industry in Gretna, LAResearch All Organizations in the Nonresidential Building Operators Industry ›Find The Company is a corporate intelligence site that uses Graphiq’s semantic technology to deliver deep insights via data-driven articles, visualizations and research tools. Deep insights from company data. Knowledge delivered. ›Advertisement Share Help Us Improve Who are you and what brings you to our site? A professional researching a business partner A customer looking for company contact/product info An individual doing investment research An owner/employee of this business A professional researching a business competitor An individual seeking employment Other Submit Advertisement Share Other Companies at this Address Share Questions & Answers Q: How big is Bara Properties, Inc. in Gretna, LA? A: The company has approximately 2 people at this location and generates an estimated $87,508 USD in annual revenue. Q: Where is Bara Properties, Inc. located? A: Bara Properties, Inc. is located at 321 Fairfield Ave, Gretna, LA 7005 67004. Q: How long has Bara Properties, Inc. in Gretna, LA been in business? A: Bara Properties, Inc. was founded in 2010 and has been operating for 7 years. Advertisement References Sources: D&B and Localeze. Show details "


when was power rangers released in europe

ro Power Rangers: Super Legends has a release date of October 23rd (US) and 2nd November in Europe for Wii, DS, PS2, Game Cube (as the last Game Cube title!) and PC. The game will celebrate Power Ranger’s 15th anniversary by gathering selectable Power Rangers from fifteen seasons of the series, from Mighty Morphin Power Rangers to Power Rangers: Operation Overdrive, and will include not only characters but Zords as well.

Power Rangers Super Legends preview. Release date is October 23rd28 August 2007Leave A Comment Posted by: Josh Rome

The game has been described as a blend of puzzle, action, and mission-based adventure with both single-player and co-op play (exact number of players not specified, but hopefully four on Wii at least), although one site says the DS version is a sort of “mini-game collection”, but it doesn’t seem that way from the screenshots (viewable below). Watch The Latest Gaming News: You will also battle classic enemies from throughout the series, including Lord Zedd and locations range from Angel Grove to an “Ancient Ranger” temple. You will be able to unlock powerful special moves and use devastating super attacks while battling the games many enemies and bosses. The game is being developed and published by Disney Interactive Studios. No word yet on whether or not the game will use the Wii Remote & Nunchuck for gesture controls, but you’d imagine so. DS version features include: – Beautiful 2D world across 24 missions with comfortable controls and intense fights – Playable cast of favorite characters that span the show’s history and storyline – Massive combo chains with cinematic flair – Several enemies simultaneously on screen to represent overwhelming odds to keep players on their toes – DS stylus attacks to personally deliver finishing blows on specific opponents – Variety of vehicles to pilot, including Flyers, Light Skimmers and One Man Attack Craft – Multiplayer co-op allows players to fight together, showcasing the teamwork of the Power Ranger series There are over 12 playable characters in the game. In the table below you can see the name of the character, their color and what Power Ranger series they hail from: Power Ranger Color Series Jason Lee Scott Red Mighty Morphin Power Rangers Kimberly Hart Pink Mighty Morphin Power Rangers Adam Park Green Power Rangers: Zeo Justin Stewart Blue Power Rangers: Turbo Leo Corbett Red Power Rangers: Lost Galaxy Trip Green Power Rangers: Time Force Dustin Brooks Yellow Power Rangers: Ninja Storm Hunter Bradley Crimson Power Rangers: Ninja Storm Doggie Cruger Shadow Power Rangers: S. P. D. Sam White Power Rangers: S. P. D. Mack Hartford Red Power Rangers: Operation Overdrive Dax Lo Blue Power Rangers: Operation Overdrive View some screenshots of Power Rangers: Super Legends below (first four screens are console, last four are DS). Share: Categories: News Wallpaper Gallery Slider Grand Theft Auto 5 Wallpapers Zelda: Breath of the Wild Wallpapers Metal Gear Survive Wallpapers Devil May Cry Wallpapers Mortal Kombat X Wallpapers Dragon Ball XV Wallpapers Metal Gear Solid 5 Wallpapers The Witcher 3 Wallpapers About the author By Josh Romero: He is a lover of videogames, as well as metal music, Gilmore Girls, chatting, social networking, Phoenix Suns, reading, writing and many other nerdy things. Read his posts here and connect with him on Youtube. More at Sorry, the browser you are using is not currently supported. Disqus actively supports the following browsers: Firefox Chrome Internet Explorer 11+Safari« Next Post: The best and all-time most influential games on show at the Leipzig Games Convention 2007 Previous Post: Tony Hawk’s Proving Ground full songlist revealed, with new Foo Fighters song & Beastie Boys’ MCA playable! »


definition of routine foot care

ion Foot care involves all aspects of preventative and corrective care of the foot and ankle. Doctorsspecializing in foot care are called podiatrists.

foot care

"Correct all you're your grammar errors instantly. Try it now.foot care Also found in: Dictionary, Thesaurus, Legal, Encyclopedia, Wikipedia . Foot Care Definit

Purpose During an average lifetime, each person walks about 115,000 miles and three-quarters of peoplehave foot problems at some point in their lives. Foot problems can arise from wearing ill-fitting shoes, from general wear and tear, as a result of injury, or as a complication of disease. People with diabetes mellitus or circulatory diseasesare 20 times more likely to have foot problems than the general public. Podiatrists are doctors who specialize in treating the foot and ankle. Other doctors who haveexperience with foot problems are family physicians, orthopedists, sports medicine specialists,and those who care for diabetics. Problems with the feet include foot pain, joint inflammation,plantar warts, fungal infections (like athlete's foot), nerve disorders, torn ligaments, brokenbones, bacterial infections, and tissue injuries (like frostbite). Precautions People with diabetes or circulatory disorders should be alert to even small foot problems. In these people, a break in the skin can lead to infection, gangrene, and amputation. Description Daily foot care for people likely to develop foot problems includes washing the feet in tepid waterwith mild soap and oiling the feet with vegetable oil or a lanolin-based lotion. Toenails should be cut straight across above the level of the skin after soaking the feet in tepid water. Corns and calluses should not be cut. If they need removal, it should be done under the care of a doctor. Athletes foot and plantar warts should also be treated by a doctor if they develop in high riskpatients. Many people with diabetes or circulatory disorders have problems with cold feet. These problemscan be reduced by avoiding smoking tobacco (smoking constricts the blood vessels), wearingwarm socks, not crossing the legs while sitting or not sitting in one position too long, or avoidingconstricting stockings. People with circulatory problems should not use heating pads or hot water bottles on their feet, as even moderate heat can damage the skin if circulation is impaired. Preparation No special preparation other than an understanding of the nature of foot problems is necessary to begin routine foot care. Aftercare Foot care is preventative and should be ongoing throughout a person's life. Risks There are no risks associated with foot care. The risks are in ignoring the feet and allowingproblems to develop. Normal results With regular care, foot disorders such as infections, skin ulcers, and gangrene can be prevented. Resources Organizations American Diabetes Association. 1701 North Beauregard Street, Alexandria, VA 22311. (800)342-2383. http://www.diabetes.org. American Podiatry Association. 20 Chevy Chase Circle, NW, Washington, D. C. 20015. Gale Encyclopedia of Medicine. Copyright 2008 The Gale Group, Inc. All rights reserved.care [ kār] the services rendered by members of the health professions for the benefit of a patient. See alsotreatment.acute care see acute care.admission care in the nursing interventions classification, a nursing intervention defined as facilitating entry of a patient into a health care facility.adult day care a health care service provided for adults with a disability or illness who needpartial or supplemental care and companionship during the day, when family members areworking or otherwise unable to stay at home with a disabled relative. Among the services thatmay be offered at an adult day care center are nursing services (e.g., medication administrationand health monitoring); nutritional and health education, health counseling; physical, speech,and occupational therapy; and socialization.ambulatory care health services or acute care services that are provided on an outpatientbasis.amputation care in the nursing interventions classification, a nursing intervention defined as the promotion of physical and psychological healing after amputation of a body part.bed rest care in the nursing interventions classification, a nursing intervention defined as promotion of comfort and safety and prevention of complications for a patient unable to get out of bed. See also bed rest.bladder care activities and interventions designed to maintain urinary bladder function, includingbladder retraining, catheter change, and catheter irrigation.bowel care activities and interventions designed to maintain bowel function, including enema, bowel training, diet, and medication.bowel incontinence care in the nursing interventions classification, a nursing interventiondefined as promotion of bowel continence and maintenance of perianal skin integrity.bowel incontinence care: encopresis in the nursing interventions classification, a nursing intervention defined as promotion of bowel continence in children.cardiac care in the nursing interventions classification, a nursing intervention defined as thelimitation of complications resulting from an imbalance between myocardial oxygen supply anddemand for a patient with symptoms of impaired cardiac function.cardiac care: acute in the nursing interventions classification, a nursing intervention defined as the limitation of complications for a patient recently experiencing an episode of an imbalancebetween myocardial oxygen supply and demand resulting in impaired cardiac function.cardiac care: rehabilitative in the nursing interventions classification, a nursing interventiondefined as the promotion of maximal functional activity level for a patient who has suffered an episode of impaired cardiac functon which resulted from an imbalance between myocardialoxygen supply and demand.cast care activities and interventions designed to protect and maintain an immobilized body part,including relief of pain, pressure or constriction of circulation. See also hazards of immobility.cast care: maintenance in the nursing interventions classification, a nursing interventiondefined as care of a cast after the drying period.cast care: wet in the nursing interventions classification, a nursing intervention defined as care of a new cast during the drying period.cesarean section care in the nursing interventions classification, a nursing interventiondefined as the preparation and support of a patient delivering a baby by cesarean section.circulatory care: arterial insuficiency in the nursing interventions classification, a nursing intervention defined as promotion of arterial circulation.circulatory care: mechanical assist device in the nursing interventions classification, a nursing intervention defined as temporary support of the circulation through the use of mechanical devices or pumps.circulatory care: venous insufficiency in the nursing interventions classification, a nursing intervention defined as promotion of venous circulation.contact lens care in the nursing interventions classification, a nursing intervention defined as the prevention of eye injury and lens damage by proper use of contact lenses.continuing care the level of care in the health care system that consists of ongoing care of thephysically handicapped, mentally retarded, emotionally retarded, and those suffering fromchronic incapacitating illness.cord care specialized care of the remnants of a newborn's umbilical cord until it falls off,consisting of cleaning and precautions to prevent infection. Cleansing protocols continue until thesite is completely healed.critical care intensive care.culture-specific care those assistive, supportive, or facilitative acts toward or for an individual or group with evident or anticipated needs that are congruent with the values and lifestyles of an individual, family, or group of a specific culture, as used in the cultural care diversity and universality theory.day care/respite in the omaha system, the providing by an individual or institution of supervision for a dependent child or adult in the abscence of the usual caregiver or parent.developmental care in the nursing interventions classification, a nursing intervention defined as structuring the environment and providing care in response to the behavioral cues and states of the preterm infant.direct care the provision of services to a patient that require some degree of interaction betweenthe patient and the health care provider. Examples include assessment, performing procedures,teaching, and implementation of a care plan.dying care in the nursing interventions classification, a nursing intervention defined as promotion of physical comfort and psychological peace in the final phase of life. See also dying.ear care in the nursing interventions classification, a nursing intervention defined as prevention or minimization of threats to ear or hearing.embolus care: peripheral in the nursing interventions classification, a nursing interventiondefined as limitation of complications for a patient experiencing, or at risk for, occlusion of peripheral circulation. See also embolus.embolus care: pulmonary in the nursing interventions classification, a nursing interventiondefined as limitation of complications for a patient experiencing, or at risk for, occlusion of pulmonary circulation. See also embolus.emergency care in the nursing interventions classification, a nursing intervention defined as providing life-saving measures in life-threatening situations. See also emergency.episodic care interventions aimed at patient cure or restoration to previous level of functioning.eye care in the nursing interventions classification, a nursing intervention defined as theprevention or minimization of threats to eye or visual integrity.family-centered maternity care a pattern of caring for infants and their families used by Healthand Welfare Canada. It is characterized by a great deal of flexibility and parental choice, andhealth care professionals are encouraged to individualize care. Breast feeding and rooming in areencouraged and grandparent and sibling visits are permitted.foot care see foot care.hair care in the nursing interventions classification, a nursing intervention defined as thepromotion of neat, clean, and attractive hair.health care see health care system.high-risk pregnancy care in the nursing interventions classification, a nursing interventiondefined as identification and management of a high-risk pregnancy to promote healthy outcomesfor mother and baby.home health care see home health care.incision site care in the nursing interventions classification, a nursing intervention defined as cleansing, monitoring, and promotion of healing in a wound that is closed with sutures, clips, or staples.indirect care services that are related to patient care but do not require interaction between thehealth care provider and the patient. Examples include charting and scheduling.infant care in the nursing interventions classification, a nursing intervention defined as theprovision of developmentally appropriate family-centered care to the child under one year of age.intensive care the care of seriously ill patients in a special hospital unit; see intensive care unit. Called also critical care.intrapartal care in the nursing interventions classification, a nursing intervention defined as the monitoring and management of stages one and two of the birth process. See labor.intrapartal care: high-risk delivery in the nursing interventions classification, a nursing intervention defined as assisting vaginal birth of multiple or malpositioned fetuses.kangaroo care in the nursing interventions classification, a nursing intervention defined as promoting closeness between parent and physiologically stable preterm infant by preparing theparent and providing the environment for skin-to-skin contact.kinlein care kinlein.long-term care health care services required for an extended period of time by individualsunable to fully execute activities of daily living; it can be provided by a variety of agencies in outpatient settings as well as on an inpatient basis.managed care a method of health care delivery that focuses on collaboration among andcoordination of all services to avoid overlap, duplication, and delays and to reduce costs. There is an emphasis on efficacy and timeliness of interventions to prevent unnecessary delays in discharge from the hospital or agency.medical/dental care in the omaha system, diagnosis and treatment by a physician or dentist.mouth care see mouth care.nail care in the nursing interventions classification, a nursing intervention defined as promotion of clean, neat, attractive nails and prevention of skin lesions related to improper care of nails.newborn care in the nursing interventions classification, a nursing intervention defined as management of the neonate during the transition to extrauterine life and the subsequent period of stabilization.nursing care in the omaha system, therapeutic activities in addition to intermittent service,including private duty nursing.ostomy care in the nursing interventions classification, a nursing intervention defined as maintenance of elimination through a stoma and care of surrounding tissue. See also ostomy.ostomy care (omaha) in the omaha system, management of elimination through artificialopenings, including colostomy and ileostomy.palliative care supportive care.perineal care in the nursing interventions classification, a nursing intervention defined as maintenance of perianal skin integrity and relief of perineal discomfort.peripherally inserted central catheter care in the nursing interventions classification, a nursing intervention defined as insertion and maintenance of a peripherally inserted centralcatheter.personal care the management of hygiene, including bathing, shampooing, shaving, nailtrimming, dressing, and so on.point of care the location at which patient services are delivered.postanesthesia care in the nursing interventions classification, a nursing intervention defined as monitoring and management of the patient who has recently undergone general or regionalanesthesia.postmortem care in the nursing interventions classification, a nursing intervention defined as providing physical care of the body of an expired patient and support for the family viewing thebody.postoperative care see postoperative care.postpartal care in the nursing interventions classification, a nursing intervention defined as monitoring and management of the patient who has recently given birth.pregnancy termination care in the nursing interventions classification, a nursing interventiondefined as the management of the physical and psychological needs of the woman undergoing a spontaneous or elective abortion.prenatal care1. care of the pregnant woman before delivery of the infant. See also pregnancy.2. in the nursing interventions classification, a nursing intervention defined as monitoringand management of the patient during pregnancy to prevent complications of pregnancy andpromote a healthy outcome for both mother and infant.preoperative care see preoperative care.pressure ulcer care in the nursing interventions classification, a nursing intervention defined as facilitation of healing in pressure ulcers.preventive care the level of care in the health care system that consists of public healthservices and related programs such as school health education.primary care the routine outpatient care that a patient receives at first contact with the health care system.prosthesis care in the nursing interventions classification, a nursing intervention defined as the care of a removable appliance worn by a patient and the prevention of complicationsassociated with its use. See also prosthesis.respiratory care see respiratory care.respite care1. services provided by a health care agency that permit a primary caregiver temporary relieffrom caring for an ill individual.2. in the nursing interventions classification, a nursing intervention defined as the provision of short-term care to provide relief for a family caregiver.restorative care the level of care in the health care system that consists of follow-up care andrehabilitation to an optimal functional level.secondary care1. treatment by specialists to whom a patient has been referred by primary care facilities;see also health care system.2. acute care.self care the performance of basic activities of daily living; see also under assistance and deficit.sickness/injury care in the omaha system, the appropriate responses to illness or accidents,including first aid, taking temperature, and seeking medical care.skilled nursing care the services provided by a registered nurse in a skilled nursing facility. It currently includes observation during periods of acute or unstable illness; administration of intravenous fluids, enteral feedings, and intravenous or intramuscular medications; short-termbowel and bladder retraining; and changing of sterile dressings.skin care activities and interventions designed to maintain integrity of integument, including care of pressure ulcers and massage.skin care: topical treatments in the nursing interventions classification, a nursing intervention defined as the application of topical substances or manipulation of devices to promote skin integrity and minimize skin breakdown.spiritual care see spiritual care.subacute care comprehensive goal-oriented inpatient care designed for a patient who has had an acute illness, injury, or exacerbation of a disease process; it is rendered either immediatelyafter or instead of acute care hospitalization, to treat specific active or complex medicalconditions or to administer any necessary technically complex medical treatments in the context of the person's underlying long-term condition.supportive care interventions that help the patient achieve comfort but do not affect the course of a disease. Called also palliative care or treatment.tertiary care the level of care in the health care system that consists of complex proceduresgiven in a health care center that has highly trained specialists and often advanced technology.total patient care a method of organizing care of patients such that one practitioner carries outall care requirements.traction/immobilization care in the nursing interventions classification, a nursing intervention defined as management of a patient who has traction and/or a stabilizing device to immobilize and stabilize a body part.tube care in the nursing interventions classification, a nursing intervention defined as management of a patient with an external drainage device exiting the body.tube care: chest in the nursing interventions classification, a nursing intervention defined as management of a patient with an external water-seal drainage device exiting the chest cavity.tube care: gastrointestinal in the nursing interventions classification, a nursing interventiondefined as management of a patient with a gastrointestinal tube.tube care: umbilical line in the nursing interventions classification, a nursing interventiondefined as management of a newborn with an umbilical catheter.tube care: urinary in the nursing interventions classification, a nursing intervention defined as management of a patient with urinary drainage equipment.tube care: ventriculostomy/lumbar drain in the nursing interventions classification, a nursing intervention defined as management of a patient with an external cerebrospinal fluiddrainage system. See also ventriculostomy and drain.urinary incontinence care in the nursing interventions classification, a nursing interventiondefined as assistance in promoting continence and maintaining perineal skin integrity. See alsourinary incontinence.urinary incontinence care: enuresis in the nursing interventions classification, a nursing intervention defined as promotion of urinary continence in children.urinary retention care in the nursing interventions classification, a nursing interventiondefined as assistance in relieving bladder distention. See also retention of urine.wound care in the nursing interventions classification, a nursing intervention defined as prevention of wound complications and promotion of wound healing.wound care: closed drainage in the nursing interventions classification, a nursing intervention defined as maintenance of a pressure drainage system at the wound site. Miller-Keane Encyclopedia and Dictionary of Medicine, Nursing, and Allied Health, Seventh Edition. © 2003 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier, Inc. All rights reserved.foot carea nursing intervention from the Nursing Interventions Classification (NIC) defined as cleansing andinspecting the feet for the purposes of relaxation, cleanliness, and healthy skin. See also Nursing Interventions Classification. Mosby's Medical Dictionary, 9th edition. © 2009, Elsevier. Want to thank TFD for its existence? Tell a friend about us, add a link to this page, or visit the webmaster's page for free fun content . Link to this page:<a href=""https://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/foot+care"">foot care</a>Facebook Twitter Finally, Farlex brings you all the rules of English grammar, all in one place, explained in simple terms. The Farlex Grammar Bookis available now in paperback and e Book formats. "

What exactly is routine foot care? In reality, routine foot care is one of the most basic yet wonderful treatments. ""Gentle Touch Foot Care"" is the office philosophy. At no time should there ever be pain associated with this kind of care. The trimming of painful corns, calluses, and ingrown or thickened nails requires a delicate and light touch.

Routine Foot Care

"Routine Foot Care

Gentle reassurance and a compassionate understanding of the patient's fears of anticipated pain are necessary to provide a complete service. Treatment usually starts with a soothing whirlpool to relax the feet, reduce the soreness, and to soften the areas to be treated. Once the lesions are trimmed, a massage of the feet is given to stimulate the circulation. Various pads or soft lamb's wool are then applied as needed to add extra comfort. Even the most painful feet will feel immediately better! It is amazing to see the transformation in a person who walks in limping, but leaves smiling and feeling great. Of course, the pain will in most cases eventually return, depending on how much walking a person does, the kind of work they do, and, of course, the kind of shoes they wear. But with proper scheduling, even the most difficult feet can be kept comfortable. Does your health insurance cover this care? It may depend on your particular plan and if complicating factors, such as diabetes or poor circulation are present. Medicare in particular has very strict standards. Doctors can evaluate your feet to see if you qualify for routine foot care. If not, the fees are reasonable so that everyone can afford to feel like new again! "


who are harrison ford's children

ing In This Photo: Harrison Ford 'Indiana Jones' actor Harrison Ford, his wife Calista Flockhart and his kids Benjamin, Willard, Malcolm and Liam boarding his private jet in Santa Monica, California on December 26, 2012. The Ford clan is heading to his ranch in Jackson Hole, Wyoming for the new year.

Harrison Ford And Family Head To His Ranch In Wyoming - 1 of 40

(Dec. 26, 2012 - Source: Fame Flynet Pictures)Prev1 of 40Next« Back Next »2 - 5All Thumbnails »Show Harrison Ford With: Calista Flockhart Sylvester Stallone Mel Gibson Rachel Mc Adams Antonio Banderas Jason Statham Wesley Snipes Mark Hamill Liam Flockhart


monster types

Monster Type Name Description Dragonkind Dragons, and their various kith & kin Fay The fairiefolke (sometimes known as fayefolk or, simply, as fay) are comprised of a great many of diverse fay races. Wisps, pixies, brownies, rhym, fae, fairy, treants, sirens, dryads, nymphs, etc. ; these are all types of fairiefolke that exist in Norrath. Magical Encounters created by the intervention of Magic, creatures in this category can be anything from an animated candlestick that sings and talks with a French accent, to Frankenstein's Monster.

Monster Type

See also: Category: Race

Mechanimagical Various mechanized beings including clockworks and other robots Natural The Natural animals and beasts we know from the real world, even if the sizes of some things like insects are a bit bigger than we expect. Planar Planar Beings are creatures from one of the Planes other than Norrath (the Material Plane) . Plant The various races of flora type monsters from all corners of Norrath . Sentient Creatures which have self-awareness, and/or intelligence. Undead That which was once living, yet still moves and tries to kill you. Were Creatures afflicted by lycanthropy, and thus which turn into another form. See Also Edit Monsters Monsters by Difficulty Monsters by Tier Monsters by Update Monsters by Zone Named Monsters Named Monsters by Difficulty Named Monsters by Tier Named Monsters by Update Named Monsters by Zone Factions Faction Monsters Named Faction Monsters Monsters by Group Monsters by Monster Type Top - # A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z →Subcategories This category has the following 10 subcategories, out of 10 total. D [ +] Dragonkind (10 C)F [ +] Fay (11 C)M [ +] Magical (34 C, 1 P) [ +] Mechanimagical (3 C)N [ +] Natural (84 C)P [ +] Planar (29 C) [ +] Plant (6 C, 3 P)S [ +] Sentient (65 C, 2 P)U [ +] Undead (12 C, 16 P)W [ +] Were (3 C)Categories: Monsters Add category


what county is hardin ky in

]Hardin County was established in 1792 from land given by Nelson County. Hardin was the 15th Kentucky county in order of formation. [4] The county is named for Col. John Hardin, a Continental Army officer during the American Revolution and a brother of the Capt. William Hardin who founded Hardinsburg.

Hardin County, Kentucky

"Hardin County, Kentucky From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedianavigation search Not to be confused with Hardin, Kentucky. Hardin County, Kentucky Hardin County courthouse in Elizabethtown Location in the U. S. state of Kentucky Kentucky's location in the U. S. Founded 1792Named for John Hardin Seat Elizabethtown Largest city Elizabethtown Area• Total 630 sq mi (1,632 km 2)• Land 623 sq mi (1,614 km 2)• Water 6.9 sq mi (18 km 2 ), 1.1%Population• ( 2010) 105,543• Density 169/sq mi (65/km 2)Congressional district 2nd Time zone Eastern: UTC−5 / −4Website www .hcky .org Hardin County is a county located in the U. S. state of Kentucky. Its county seat is at Elizabethtown. [1] The county was formed in 1792. [2]Hardin County is part of the Elizabethtown- Fort Knox, KY Metropolitan Statistical Area, as well as the Louisville / Jefferson County —Elizabethtown- Madison, KY- IN Combined Statistical Area. As of the 2010 census, the population was 105,543. [3]Hardin County is known for being the birthplace of former U. S. president Abraham Lincoln, though the location is now part of neighboring Larue County. Contents [ hide ]1 History2 Geography3 Adjacent counties4 Demographics5 Economy6 Government7 Education7.1 K-127.2 Postsecondary education8 Communities8.1 Cities8.2 Census-designated places8.3 Unincorporated communities9 See also10 References History [ edit

[5]Courthouse fires destroyed county records in 1864 and again in 1932. The present courthouse dates from 1934. [6]Geography [ edit]According to the U. S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 630 square miles (1,600 km 2 ), of which 623 square miles (1,610 km 2) is land and 6.9 square miles (18 km 2) (1.1%) is water. [7] It is the fourth-largest county by area in Kentucky. Adjacent counties [ edit]Hardin County borders nine counties, more than any other county in Kentucky. Louisville-Jefferson County (northeast)Bullitt County (northeast)Nelson County (east)La Rue County (southeast)Hart County (south//CST Border)Grayson County (southwest/CST Border)Breckinridge County (west/CST Border)Meade County (northwest)Harrison County, Indiana (north)Demographics [ edit]Historical population Census Pop. %±1800 3,653 —1810 7,531 106.2%1820 10,498 39.4%1830 12,849 22.4%1840 16,357 27.3%1850 14,525 −11.2%1860 15,189 4.6%1870 15,705 3.4%1880 22,564 43.7%1890 21,304 −5.6%1900 22,937 7.7%1910 22,696 −1.1%1920 24,287 7.0%1930 20,913 −13.9%1940 29,108 39.2%1950 50,312 72.8%1960 67,789 34.7%1970 78,421 15.7%1980 88,917 13.4%1990 89,240 0.4%2000 94,174 5.5%2010 105,543 12.1%Est. 2016 107,316 [8] 1.7%U. S. Decennial Census [9] 1790–1960 [10] 1900–1990 [11] 1990–2000 [12] 2010–2013 [3]As of the census [13] of 2010, there were 105,543 people, 39,853 households, and 28,288 families residing in the county. The population density was 167.5 per square mile (64.7/km 2 ). There were 43,261 housing units at an average density of 68.7 per square mile (26.5/km 2 ). The racial makeup of the county was 80.5% White (77.8% non-Hispanic ), 11.6% Black or African American, 0.5% Native American or Alaska Native, 2.0% Asian, 0.2% Pacific Islander, 1.5% from other races, and 3.5% from two or more races. Hispanics or Latinos of any race were 5.0% of the population. There were 39,853 households out of which 37.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 53.3% were married couples living together, 12.9% had a female householder with no husband present, 4.7% had a male householder with no wife present, and 29.0% were non-families. 24.5% of all households were made up of individuals and 8.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.57 and the average family size was 3.04. The age distribution was 25.97% under 18, 9.93% from 18 to 24, 27.50% from 25 to 44, 25.60% from 45 to 64, and 11.00% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 35.0 years. For every 100 females there were 100.41 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 102.54 males. Complete economic data from the 2010 Census has not yet been released. According to the 2010 Census, the median income for a household in the county was $43,421, and the median income for a family was $55,151. The per capita income for the county was $23,744. Remaining economic data is from the 2000 Census. At that time, males had a median income of $30,743 versus $22,688 for females. About 8.20% of families and 10.00% of the population were below the poverty line, including 13.50% of those under age 18 and 8.60% of those age 65 or over. Economy [ edit]The economy of Hardin County is largely dominated by the adjacent Fort Knox Military Installation. [14]The U. S. Gold Bullion Depository at Fort Knox. The Army Human Resource Center, the largest construction project in the history of Fort Knox, began in November 2007. It is a $185 million, three-story, 880,000-square-foot (82,000 m 2) complex, sitting on 104 acres (0.42 km 2 ). As many as 2,100 new permanent human resources, information technology, and administrative white-collar civilian professionals will be working there. Officials expect that as many as 12,000 people, including the families of soldiers and civilian workers to relocate to the area as a result of the Fort Knox realignment of 2005. Approximately $1 billion in new federal and state construction, and infrastructure funds were committed to Fort Knox, and in the surrounding areas by the end of 2011. Gov. Steve Beshear of Kentucky announced the creation of a task force to help Hardin County, and the surrounding counties prepare for the Fort Knox realignment. The group is ""designed to meet specific needs"" in areas such as transportation, economic development, education, water and sewer availability, and area wide planning. Hardin County is classified by the Kentucky Department of Alcoholic Beverage Control (ABC) as both a moist county and a ""limited dry county "". Under ABC terminology, a ""moist county"" is an otherwise dry county in which at least one city has voted to allow sale of alcoholic beverages for off-premises consumption. The word ""limited"" means that at least one city within the county, or the county as a whole, has voted to allow alcohol sales in qualifying restaurants. In the case of Hardin County, Elizabethtown, Radcliff, and Vine Grove all voted to allow off-premises sales in October 2011. West Point has voted to allow sale of alcohol by the drink in restaurants that seat at least 50 and derive at least 70% of their revenue from food (including non-alcoholic beverages). Government [ edit]Presidential Elections Results [15]Year Republican Democratic Third Parties2016 62.5% 26,971 32.3% 13,944 5.2% 2,2412012 59.6% 23,357 38.8% 15,214 1.7% 6472008 59.8% 23,896 39.1% 15,650 1.1% 4442004 67.6% 24,627 31.6% 11,507 0.8% 3072000 61.8% 18,964 36.2% 11,095 2.1% 6311996 47.5% 12,642 41.4% 11,031 11.1% 2,9441992 47.4% 12,299 36.3% 9,417 16.3% 4,2421988 64.3% 13,240 35.3% 7,262 0.5% 971984 68.8% 14,293 30.5% 6,329 0.7% 1491980 52.2% 9,779 44.5% 8,339 3.3% 6201976 45.9% 6,965 52.5% 7,977 1.6% 2431972 65.9% 8,740 30.6% 4,060 3.4% 4561968 41.8% 5,329 35.1% 4,470 23.1% 2,9381964 33.2% 7,460 66.2% 3,744 0.5% 601960 54.6% 6,191 45.4% 5,141 0.0% 01956 53.6% 5,050 45.9% 4,325 0.6% 551952 45.7% 3,914 53.7% 4,599 0.5% 451948 34.8% 2,297 60.4% 3,990 4.8% 3201944 38.8% 2,831 60.8% 4,436 0.4% 271940 33.2% 2,351 66.5% 4,718 0.3% 211936 33.5% 2,284 65.8% 4,480 0.7% 501932 31.4% 2,801 67.8% 6,047 0.8% 721928 58.9% 4,624 40.9% 3,210 0.2% 141924 38.0% 2,735 59.7% 4,296 2.3% 1671920 38.0% 3,334 61.3% 5,382 0.8% 661916 36.4% 1,887 63.1% 3,272 0.5% 281912 13.7% 632 57.5% 2,656 28.8% 1,330The formal government structure of Hardin County consists of a Fiscal Court along with six incorporated cities. [16] Elizabethtown is the county seat. In 2010, the Hardin County Government, led by Hardin County Judge/Executive Harry Berry, commissioned a study entitled, ""Hardin County Vision Project,"" in part to explore the benefits of consolidated government in the county. The growth of the area and the changes expected due to the realignment of Fort Knox led to the study. Hardin County United, a volunteer-led organization, was established to consider the findings of this project and develop recommendations for the future of government in the county. [17]Law enforcement and property tax collection are provided by the Hardin County Sheriff's Office. [18]Education [ edit]K-12 [ edit]Three public school districts operate in the county: The Hardin County Schools serve K-12 students in most of the county, with the exception of (most of) Elizabethtown, Fort Knox, West Point. The district operates 13 elementary schools, five middle schools, and three high schools. The Elizabethtown Independent Schools serve students in most of the city of Elizabethtown; however, some areas are instead served by the Hardin County district. The district operates three elementary schools, one middle school, and one high school. West Point Independent School District is an independent school district with a K-8 school serving the West Point area, which is cut off from the rest of Hardin County by Fort Knox. The West Point School District contracts with the Elizabethown Independent Schools in order for West Point's 9-12th grade students to attend Elizabethtown High School. Five private schools also operate in the county, St. James Catholic School, Gloria Dei Lutheran School (LCMS), Elizabethtown Christian Academy, North Hardin Christian School, and Hardin Christian Academy. The Department of Defense Education Activity (Do DEA), through its Domestic Dependent Elementary and Secondary Schools subagency, operates four schools on the Fort Knox base for military dependents. DDESS has one elementary school (grades K-5), one intermediate school (1-5), one middle school (6-8), and one high school (9-12) on base. After the Army inactivated a combat brigade, resulting in the relocation of 3,500 soldiers and their families from the base, Do DEA closed four other schools—three elementary schools and one intermediate school—at the end of the 2013–14 school year. At that time, Do DEA also restructured the grades at all of the remaining schools except the high school. [19]A new $16-million Fort Knox High School, a two-story, state-of-the-art facility that united the existing vocational school with the current gymnasium, creating a connected campus was completed in 2008, with dedication on August 7, 2008. The remaining parts of the old high school were then demolished. [20]Postsecondary education [ edit]Elizabethtown is home to Elizabethtown Community and Technical College, a member of the Kentucky Community and Technical College System. Elizabethtown Community and Technical College -- Home Page Communities [ edit]Cities [ edit]Elizabethtown (county seat)Muldraugh (partly in Meade County)Radcliff Sonora Upton (partly in La Rue County)Vine Grove West Point Census-designated places [ edit]Cecilia Fort Knox, a military base (partly in Meade County and Bullitt County, although all of the base housing is in Hardin County)Rineyville Unincorporated communities [ edit]Big Spring Blue Ball Colesburg Dever Hollow Eastview Glendale Harcourt Howell Spring Hardin Springs Howe Valley Mill Creek New Fruit Nolin Old Stephensburg Quaker Valley Red Mills St. John Star Mills Stephensburg Summitt Tip Top Tunnel Hill Vertrees White Mills Youngers Creek See also [ edit]Kentucky portal Louisville-Elizabethtown-Scottsburg, KY-IN Combined Statistical Area National Register of Historic Places listings in Hardin County, Kentucky References [ edit]^ ""Find a County"". National Association of Counties. Retrieved 2011-06-07.^ ""Hardin County"". The Kentucky Encyclopedia. 2000. Retrieved August 22, 2014.^ a b ""State & County Quick Facts"". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on July 11, 2011. Retrieved March 8, 2014.^ Collins, Lewis (1882). Collins' Historical Sketches of Kentucky: History of Kentucky, Volume 2. Collins & Company. p. 26.^ Rennick, Robert M. (1987). Kentucky Place Names. University Press of Kentucky. p. 130. Retrieved 28 April 2013.^ Hogan, Roseann Reinemuth (1992). Kentucky Ancestry: A Guide to Genealogical and Historical Research. Ancestry Publishing. h AVl VS29NKIC&lpg=PA193&dq=%22bell%20county%22%201914%201918%201976&pg=PA245#v=onepage&q=%22bell%20county%22%201914%201918%201976&f=false.^ ""2010 Census Gazetteer Files"". United States Census Bureau. August 22, 2012. Archived from the original on August 12, 2014. Retrieved August 16, 2014.^ ""Population and Housing Unit Estimates"". Retrieved June 9, 2017.^ ""U. S. Decennial Census"". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved August 16, 2014.^ ""Historical Census Browser"". University of Virginia Library. Retrieved August 16, 2014.^ ""Population of Counties by Decennial Census: 1900 to 1990"". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved August 16, 2014.^ ""Census 2000 PHC-T-4. Ranking Tables for Counties: 1990 and 2000"" (PDF). United States Census Bureau. Retrieved August 16, 2014.^ ""American Fact Finder"". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved 2011-05-14.^http://louisville.bizjournals.com/louisville/stories/2010/05/24/daily42.html^ Leip, David. ""Dave Leip's Atlas of U. S. Presidential Elections"". uselectionatlas.org. Retrieved 10 April 2018.^ ""Ken Howard Introduces the Governance Committee"". Hardin County United. 2011-01-26. Archived from the original on 2012-03-17. Retrieved 2012-02-08.^ ""Hardin County United"". Hardin County United. Archived from the original on 2012-03-17. Retrieved 2012-02-08.^ ""Hardin County Sheriff's Office"". www.hcky.org. Retrieved 2017-06-02.^ Jowers, Karen (March 5, 2014). ""4 schools at Fort Knox to close"". Army Times. Retrieved June 9, 2014.^ The new Fort Knox High School Archived 2008-10-12 at the Wayback Machine. [ show]v t e Municipalities and communities of Hardin County, Kentucky, United States [ show]v t e Commonwealth of Kentucky Coordinates: 37.70°N 85.96°WCategories: Kentucky counties Hardin County, Kentucky Kentucky counties on the Ohio River Elizabethtown metropolitan area 1792 establishments in Kentucky Populated places established in 1792 "


what is a perfect passive participle?

This is similar to how past participle phrases are used, but the emphasis is placed on the first action happening further in the past. And whereas past participle phrases can be used to describe a noun or pronoun, passive perfect participle phrases stress the action being done to the noun—they cannot be used to create simple descriptions.

Participle Phrases

The Farlex Grammar Book > English Grammar > Syntax > Phrases > Participle Phrases Participle Phrases What is a participle phrase? Participles are words formed from verbs that can function as adjectives, as gerunds, or to form the continuous and perfect tenses of verbs. Past participles are often (but not always) formed by adding “-d” or “-ed” to the end of the verb, while present participles are always formed by adding “-ing” to the end. When they function as adjectives, participles can form participle phrases (sometimes known as participle clauses) with any information that modifies or complements them. Because they function as adjectives, participle phrases modify nouns, noun phrases, or pronouns in a sentence. Using participle phrases We can form phrases using present, past, perfect, and passive perfect participles—each one changes the way the noun is modified. Where they appear in a sentence also impacts the sentence’s meaning, as well as the way in which they’re punctuated. Present participle phrases If we use the present participle in a phrase, we give the phrase an active meaning. In other words, the noun being modified is the agent of the action expressed by the present participle. For example:“ Singing in the shower, I was oblivious to the doorbell ringing.” ( I was singing. )“ James, hiding under the bed, was completely silent.” ( James was hiding. )Past participle phrases If we use the past participle to form an adjectival phrase, the noun being modified is either given a passive role in the action, or else is being described. For example:“ My car, destroyed in the accident, was taken away by the mechanics.”“ My sister, exhausted after a long day’s work, fell asleep on the sofa.”In the first example, the noun phrase my car is not the agent of the action, but is being acted upon; it has been destroyed by another driver, and so it has a passive role. In the second example, my sister is also not the agent of the verb exhaust. Instead, exhausted is used to describe how she feels. Perfect participle phrases When we want to emphasize that one event happened before another, we can use the structure having + past participle —this is sometimes known as the perfect participle. Perfect participle phrases, like the present participle, designate that the noun being modified is the agent of the participle’s action. For example:“ Having seen the movie before, I wouldn’t want to see it again.”“ Having done so much exercise this morning, we should eat a big lunch.”“She was exhausted, having stayed up all night .”Passive perfect participle phrases If we want to describe a noun that was passively acted upon in an event that happened before another one, we can use what is known as the passive perfect participle (sometimes called the perfect passive participle ), which is structured as having + been + past participle. For example:“ Having been dismissed from class early, Thomas decided to explore the river by his house.”“The turkey, having been burnt to a crisp, was thrown in the garbage.”“The book is ancient, having been written nearly 3,000 years ago.”

For instance:“ My sister, exhausted after a long day’s work, fell asleep on the sofa.” (correct)“ My sister, having been exhausted after a long day’s work, fell asleep on the sofa.” (incorrect)Sentence Placement Where a participle phrase appears in a sentence changes the way we punctuate it, as does its importance to the meaning of the sentence as a whole. Initial position When a participle phrase occurs in the initial position, it is usually separated from the rest of the sentence by a comma. For example:“ Running to the car, the boy welcomed his father home after three months away.”“ Singing in the shower, I was oblivious to the doorbell ringing.”“ Scared, my sister slept with the light on.”Middle position When the phrase occurs in the middle position, and is not essential to the meaning of the sentence, it should be set apart from the rest of the sentence by two commas. For example:“ My sister, exhausted, has fallen asleep on the sofa.”“ James, hiding under the bed, was completely silent.”“ The turkey, having been burnt to a crisp, was thrown in the garbage.”If we took the participle phrases out, each of the examples above would still mean the same thing, just with less descriptive detail. However, if a participle phrase occurs in the middle position and is essential to the meaning of the sentence, it should not be set apart by commas. For example:“ The students finished with their work may have a break.”“ Jackets left behind will be donated.”“ Participants breaking the rules will be removed from the competition.”If we took the participle phrases out of these examples, we would be left with completely different meanings, as each phrase describes an essential aspect about the noun to set it apart from others. To make it clear that this description is integral to the sentence’s meaning, we do not use commas to set it apart. Final position If the participle phrase occurs in the final position immediately after the noun that it modifies, it doesn’t need a comma. For example:“We looked for hours and finally found James hiding under the bed .”“The cat had no interest in the poor dog wagging its tail .”“I was in such a hurry I didn’t notice my jacket left on the table .”However, when it occurs in final position but not immediately after the noun that it modifies, it does need a comma. For example:“It was obvious he really enjoyed the meal, having helped himself to more dessert .”“ My sister cried as she packed up her belongings, saddened at the idea of moving out of her childhood home .”“ Most of the puzzle pieces have disappeared, misplaced after so many years .”Common mistakes When we use participle phrases as adjectives, it’s important that the noun modified is clearly stated and that the phrase appears as close to it as possible. Otherwise, we run the risk of errors known as misplaced modifiers and dangling modifiers. Misplaced modifiers A misplaced modifier can occur when there is more than one noun in the sentence. If we don’t place the participle phrase close enough to the noun that it modifies, it may seem that it modifies another noun. For example:“ Terrified after watching a scary movie, my father had to comfort my little sister .”In the above sentence, the participle phrase terrified after watching a scary movie is supposed to modify my little sister. However, since my father appears closer to the participial phrase, it seems it is the father who is terrified. The sentence should be rewritten to correct the misplaced modifier. For example:“My father had to comfort my sister, terrified after watching a scary movie .”or:“ Terrified after watching a scary movie, my sister had to be comforted by my father .”or:“ My sister, terrified after watching a scary movie, had to be comforted by my father.”Dangling modifiers A dangling modifier occurs when we don’t clearly state the noun that is supposed to be modified by the participle. For example:“ Walking down the road, the birds were singing.”Because the sentence does not state who was walking down the road, is seems that it was the birds, which is probably not the intended meaning. The sentence needs to include another noun or pronoun being described by the phrase to correct the dangling modifier. For example:“ Walking down the road, I (or she, he, Mary, the couple, etc.) heard the birds singing.”Quiz1. Participle phrases have the function of __________ in a sentence.a) verbsb) adjectivesc) adverbsd) nouns2. Where can a participle phrase appear in a sentence?a) At the beginningb) In the middlec) At the endd) A & Be) B & Cf) All of the above3. Which of the following sentences is punctuated correctly?a) “Anthony, tired of failing his exams, started studying every night after school.”b) “Anthony tired of failing his exams started studying every night after school.”c) “Anthony, tired of failing his exams started studying every night after school.”d) “Anthony tired of failing his exams, started studying every night after school.”4. Identify what kind of participle phrase is used in the following sentence: “Having worked all her life, Susanne was ready to enjoy her retirement.”a) Present participle phraseb) Past participle phrasec) Perfect participle phrased) Passive perfect participle phrase5. When should a participle phrase appearing in the middle of a sentence be set apart by commas?a) When it identifies a noun as an active agentb) When it is essential to the meaning of the sentencec) When it is not essential to the meaning of the sentenced) Alwayse) Never6. What kind of participle phrase indicates a noun that is acted upon (not the agent of the participle’s action)?a) Present participle phraseb) Past participle phrasec) Perfect participle phrased) Passive perfect participle phrasee) A & Cf) B & DThe Farlex Grammar Book © 2016 Farlex International. All rights reserved. Get all volumes of The Farlex Grammar Book in paperback or e Book.


usps schedule a delivery

Outgoing Mail to USPSAll mail requiring postage received by 2:00 p.m. is posted on the same day. The USPS is scheduled to pick up outgoing mail from Postal Services at 12:30 p.m.and 4:30 p.m. Monday through Friday. Mail received by Postal Services is metered as First Class or Air Mail unless specified otherwise.

Post Office

Delivery Schedule Incoming Mail From USPSIncoming mail from the United States Postal Service (USPS) is scheduled to arrive on campus Monday through Friday by 10:00 a.m. with Express mail arriving by 12:00 p.m. All mail is sorted alphabetically by department/school, not by individuals' names. Therefore, it is very important that mail indicates a department/school in the address.

Deliveries Strategic deliveries to departments/schools made by U. S. Couriers are scheduled to begin at 10:00 AM and is usually completed by 2:00 PM. The personnel have been instructed to maintain a consistent delivery route whenever possible. As with the United States Postal Service (USPS), there are occasions when routes and delivery times must be adjusted due to employee absences, vehicle failures, inclement weather, heavy mail volume or late receivership by the university. These circumstances, therefore, prevent the department from committing to a guaranteed daily delivery time. Re-deliveries of departmental/school mail will not be made the same business day in circumstances where a delivery location is inaccessible or closed. If this occurs, you may be contacted by a representative of CUA Postal Services to make arrangements to pick up the mail in Mc Mahon Hall prior to 4:00 PM. To avoid missing a delivery due to an office closure, post a sign at the normal delivery location directing the Delivery Clerk to an alternate location to make the delivery. A redirected delivery will only be made to the same building and the sign must be posted for each incidence. Areas that wish to redirect their mail due to inaccessibility, such as remodeling or building closure, should contact Mail Processing at extension 5021 prior to 10:00 AM to ensure same day delivery. Partial redirection of mail to a delivery location, complete relocation or the addition of a new delivery location for a department/school will require the approval of the Manager of Postal Services. Last reviewed: January 30, 2017Contact Us/Directory | Copyright Information | Disability Accommodations | Español | Student Safety The Catholic University of America * 620 Michigan Ave., N. E. * Washington, DC 20064


what does labor burden generally include

Labor Burden is the cost of your labor force aside from the salaries actually paid to an employee. Simply stated, burden is the benefits, costs, and taxes that a company must, or chooses, to pay on their employees. These can include, but are not limited to, the following: State and Federal Payroll Taxes (FICA, unemployment and Social Security)

Understanding Labor Burden and Itâs Effect on The Bottom Line

Understanding Labor Burden and It’s Effect on The Bottom Line By Kent Leighton Oct 10, 2016Management - Strategic Thinking - Business Development, Managing the Money & Job Cost Accountingburdened costs burdened labor costs, construction accounting, construction employment, construction employment texas, construction experience, construction industry professionals, construction management, Kent Leighton, labor burden, labor burden calculation, labor burden rates One fact always amazes me when I work with companies on improving profitability. It doesn’t matter if they are a small builder or sub with three employees or contractors doing fifty-million dollars or more in revenues – MOST do not have a clear understanding of what constitutes Labor Burden, how to calculate it, and what their true labor costs are for their individual employees. Another misconception is that you should only be concerned with employees wearing tools who are building things and working in the field. Sorry, Folks, but that’s not how this works. It may mean that you may start each day losing money, and I’m not talking about a few dollars here or there. I’m talking about up to or over one dollar; for every dollar you pay to your employees, you might be throwing away another dollar. Since employee compensation and related costs are often the largest and riskiest cash outlays for a business, it is imperative that you understand what your true labor costs are. The good news is that you don’t have to be an accountant or CPA to calculate your basic Labor Burden. It’s easier than you might think, and I guarantee you that you will be amazed at the results if you have never run the numbers. Stick with me here because even though this may sound complicated, it’s not, and even though it will appear like something you will have to pay your accountant hundreds of dollars to do – it’s really pretty simple and thoroughly explained in the following example of how labor costs ultimately affect the bottom line. First, we have to agree on some definitions and parameters before we dig into the details. This can be a great learning experience and force you to see where your labor dollars go so you can manage them.

Vacation/Paid Time Off Employee Benefits such as health, life, disability, profit sharing, bonuses and 401 (k) match Worker’s Compensation Insurance General Liability & Auto Insurance Mobile Phones & Field Computers Uniforms or Special Work Clothes (think PPE)Training (CEU’s, Safety Training and Certifications, etc. ), Motor Vehicle Equipment Repairs and Maintenance Depreciation Office and Warehouse Costs (Depending upon the type of work you perform, the equipment you own, the structure of your corporation, and the accounting methods you use, there may be many additional items you need to consider but, for this exercise, we are going to focus on the basics that nearly every contractor faces. )Another fact that we sometimes fail to consider is the actual number of hours employees are available to work, understanding that they have vacation, sick time, training days, holidays, etc., that they are paid for but not available for productive work. They are costing you whether they are or are not actually at work so this needs to be considered when calculating the employee true hourly costs. Let’s go over the following definitions to clarify the rules: Labor Burden: The costs, above and beyond gross compensation, that you incur in order for an employee to perform the work that you hired them to do. Labor Burden Cost or Fully-Burdened Cost per Production Hour: (Labor Burden Costs + gross payroll labor cost) ÷ the number of actual work (production) hours. Labor Burden Rate per Production Hour (%): the additional total labor burden costs expressed as a percent, above and beyond an employee’s regular pay, or said another way, it is calculated as follows: Labor Burden Costs ÷ hourly payroll costs. After you compute an employee’s full-burdened labor costs and divide it by the number of hours the employee actually works on a project, businesses often find that workers typically cost the company upwards of 50 percent to 150 percent above their gross hourly labor rate. Knowing your true labor costs can make the difference between succeeding or failing in our labor- intensive industry. Let’s look at a real life example. You have an employee; let’s call him, “Joe, the plumber, the electrician, the carpenter, the painter, equipment operator, superintendent etc. It doesn’t matter what kind of business you are– Labor Burden is Labor Burden. Assumptions for this exercise: Joe, “The Carpenter,“ has been working for you for five years, he has a 401 (k) to which the company contributes approximately three percent a year, the company pays for part of his insurance, he has a company cell phone, he drives his own vehicle, but you reimburse him for gas, you provide two (2) days of offsite training for OSHA training, etc., per year, you provide him hand tools for his trade, you provide PPE (hard hats, safety glasses, gloves, etc. ), and your company has a yearly Bar-B-Q for employees and their families, which historically costs about 100 dollars per employee and family. You pay a yearly bonus of around two percent. Your written Policies & Procedures (you have these, don’t you?) allow for six (6) paid holidays a year, three (3) personal/sick days and two weeks of vacation after two years of employment. You pay Joe $16.00 per hour which equates to $33,280 ($16 x 8 hours day x 5 days per week x 52 weeks = $33,280) with no overtime. But–what does Joe really cost you per hour so you can accurately apply his true cost (burdened cost) to a job? First, you need to determine his True Production Hours. How many hours is Joe actually available to perform work. In order to determine the actual hours he is productive, you have to deduct all the time he is paid for but is not actually on the job. The following chart shows that based on the scenario we have outlined above, Joe actually works 254 hours less than you might think. Chart A – True Production Hour Calculator Assumes no overtime True Hour Calculations Weeks Hours Total Hours Yr52 40 2,080 2,080 Total hours available for work per year based on 8 hour days x 5 days week Days Vacation 10 8 80 Policy allows for 10 days after 2 years employment Holidays 6 8 48 Policy recognizes 6 paid holidays Sick / Personal 3 8 24 Policy allows for 3 sick or personal days off per year Training / Certifications 2 8 16 Company allows for employee training OSHA, License CEU’s, etc. 2 days per year Administrative / Planning 260 0.33 86 Assume 20 minutes per day employee doing paperwork, reports, planning etc.254 (254) Total Hours Employee is Paid but not actually on a job or producing work1,826 Available Working Hours – 2,080 hours less 254 hours = 1,826 productive hours45.6 Actual weeks employees is available for work this scenario 1,826 / 40 hour week = 45.6So, armed with the fact that Joe is actually available to work only 1,826 hours a year, you now can determine what Joe really costs you when he shows up to work every day. The Labor Burden Calculator will give you the answer. Again, in this scenario, you will see that Joe actually costs you $27.05 per hour which is $11.05, or 69.1 percent, more per hour than his $16.00 hourly pay rate. Chart B – Labor Burden Calculator Employee Joe the Carpenter Yearly Salary $33,280 Based on $16 x 2,080 hours (5 days x 8 hours x 52 wks = 2,080 hrs)Base Hourly Pay Rate $16Burden Costs Payroll Taxes $780 FICA, FUTA, SUTAWorkman’s Compensation $1,974 Workman’s Compensation Yearly Health Insurance $5,220 $435 Month Company Contribution401K Plan Contribution $1,000 Estimated 401k Company Contribution Cell Phone Costs $840 Based on $70 month average Gasoline & Maint. Reimbursement $4,800 Based on $400 month average Training $200 OSHA Courses or Other Training & Certifications Tools and Equipment $1,200 $100 Month Allowance PPE / Uniform Allowance $600 $50 Month Allowance Yearly Entertainment BBQ $100Total Burden Cost of Employee $16,714Total Annual Burdened Cost $49,994 Total Annual Burdened Cost = $33,280 (Base Pay) + $16,714 (Total Burden Costs) = $49,994Actual Total Annual Working Hours 1,826 See “True Production Hour Calculator” Chart “A”Production Rate / Hour $27.38 Total Annual Burdened Cost ($49,994) / Total Annual Working Hours (1,826)Burden Rate Per Hour $11.38 Production Rate ($27.38) / Hour – minus Base Hourly Pay Rate ($16.00)Labor Burden Rate 71.1% Burden Rate Per Hour ($11.38) / Base Hourly Pay Rate ($16.00)NOTE: This example if very basic and does not take into many additional items that may be recognized as Labor Burden depending upon your company Policies & Procedures, accounting principles, your deliverable work product and the type of contracts you sign. Understanding and acknowledging your true labor costs is the difference between failing, just surviving, or making real money. In this simple example, you can see that Joe actually costs you $49,994, which is $16,714, or 71.1 percent, above and beyond his gross pay of $16.00 per hour, or $33,280 a year. Multiply this across all your employees, including those in the office, and it is not uncommon to see companies losing tens of thousands of dollars a year due to the fact that they do not understand this basic job cost/accounting principle. Call us today and start growing your business. Kent Leighton kent@flatrockgroup.com 830-201-0678WWW. FLATROCKGROUP. COM© 2014 The Flat Rock Group What’s Love Got To Do With It? Survival or Success in The Construction Industry – The Choice is Yours Spread the word. Share this post!About the author Kent Leighton, Founder of The Flat Rock Group, has more than 40 years of experience in the Construction and Development Industry. Having owned a successful midsize General Contracting firm he understands the opportunities and trials of running a successful business enterprise. His passion is sharing his victories and his scars with leaders and managers to help them grow and prosper.