how many microns is an anthrax spore

This ""first sample"" was probably the New York Post anthrax, though Alibek did not make that clear. The second set of pictures were of the Daschle anthrax. An anthrax spore is about one micron in diameter. Alibek said the Daschle sample had particles ranging from one to fifty microns in size. This size range is typical of powders produced by spray-drying, but not of milled anthrax.

"SEARCH Monitor archives:by Paul de Armond READ The Press and Steven Hatfill Somewhere out there in America is a would-be mass killer. Someone who has killed five people already, injured many more and set off a nationwide panic -- and who may well be poised to strike again. A close look at the anthrax attacks reveals the deadly bacteria could only have been produced by a covert bioweapons program in violation of international law. Is that the reason why the FBI hasn't been able to catch the killer? Remember the anthrax attacks? Back in October 2001, they regularly led the news as fear of anthrax gripped the nation. Five people died. Approximately two dozen victims developed full-blown infections. Many more were exposed, but were treated in time to avoid becoming ill. Tens of thousands at risk of exposure were prescribed antibiotics as a precaution. Many developed qualms about opening mail. The FBI launched an investigation of the attacks, widely believed at first to be more terrorism by Al Qaeda. But as the preponderance of evidence gradually grew to show that the attacks have domestic roots -- the attacker is profiled by the FBI as a ""lone wolf"" type with a personal agenda -- rather than international terrorism linked to al Qaida or Iraq, the news receded from the front. The evasive silence by baffled law-enforcement officials on the case caused the story's retreat to the neverland of media coverage. Now as the anniversary of the attacks approaches, the investigation remains an embarrassing failure. The problems with the investigation lie with the circumstances that made the attack possible, not with the cleverness of the attacker. One of the many puzzles in the case is why the FBI pursued a case theory of international terrorism for three months -- until the trail went stone cold -- and then, when the domestic roots of the attack became glaringly public, suddenly switched to a theory the attacks were the work of a ""lone wolf"" working in isolation. The puzzle is what led the FBI to conclude that only one person was involved -- and at the same time have no clue as to who that single isolated individual could possibly be. The killer or killers, however, remain at large. Indeed, as the trail grows colder daily, the likelihood anyone will ever be brought to trial becomes more faint ... unless the attacks resume. The attacker's elusiveness so far is a direct product of the incredibly dangerous nature of the anthrax itself. Among the few things we know about the killer is that he is well trained in microbiology and handling biowarfare agents. Along with the letters to various public figures in which the anthrax was delivered, he left behind virtually none of the usual clues -- hairs, fibers, smudgeprints -- that help forensic scientists narrow the investigation in most such cases. The care required to avoid exposure to such a powerful toxin -- one that has killed two victims in New York and Connecticut by routes that remain obscure -- make it virtually certain the attacker never had physical contact with the letters after they were filled with anthrax. However, there is the anthrax itself. Importantly enough, just the fact of its use provides important evidence about the killer. And from the sample used by this killer, there are five clues that emerge clearly -- clues that eventually may reveal his identity: We know the culprit used a particular strain obtained from USAMRIID at Fort Detrick We know the letters contained about seven to ten grams of material, of which roughly two to three grams were weaponized spores We know the spore powder was remarkably pure in the later attacks, less so in the earlier ones We know the range of particle sizes and the method used to make the dry powder Finally, the spore powder contained chemical additives developed specifically for weaponization THE ANTHRAX FINGERPRINTAnthrax is a bacteria that's remarkably immune from mutation, thanks largely to an odd life-cycle that swings between long periods of being dormant and brief periods of volatile activity. In terms of evolutionary time, anthrax appears to be a relatively recent bacteria with little opportunity for mutation. Anthrax also has an ecological niche that protects it from mutation. The bacteria spends most of its time as spores in soil -- think of it as a long dirt nap (with apologies to Raymond Chandler). The spores are dormant, like seeds waiting for a deadly spring. Little or no mutation can take place during the spore phase. When the spores encounter an animal, the spores hatch into living bacteria with a brief lifetime. Anthrax only lives and multiplies while it eats its victims. Growth is when mutation is most likely to occur. When dinner is over, the long dirt nap resumes. It's estimated that over 100,000 cell divisions can occur before a mutation of the chromosomal DNA takes place. Since anthrax spends most of its time as dormant spores, this can take a long time -- so long that two samples collected decades apart can and often do have the same DNA fingerprint. Very little information about the anthrax has been made public by federal authorities, despite repeated pledges of disclosure by the White House, the Office of Homeland Security and the FBI. Much of the information appearing in the press is attributed to unnamed sources or ""officials speaking on condition of anonymity"" and very little hard information can be traced to on-record sources. Unfounded speculation, conflicting reports and uncorrected misinformation are common. Erroneous reports of links between the anthrax case and the Sept. 11 attacks continue to be publicized, though none of these supposed connections have panned out. Was the anthrax produced domestically, as part of an undisclosed biological weapons program? If so, how did it come to be used to commit a series of murders that threw the country into an uproar? Was the attacker acting as an agent of a foreign government? Or was the crime an extortion plot that got out of hand? Was the motive political? Or was it intended to inspire a spate of funding for research into bioweapons? An attempt to erode American inhibitions on the first use of nuclear weapons? Or even an attempt by criminals to establish credentials in the international black market in weapons? And finally, might the attacker simply be insane and his motives purely idiosyncratic? None of these questions can be answered until those responsible are brought to justice. The publicly available evidence, such as it is, casts little light on whatever motive impelled the crimes. It is widely acknowledged that there is a link between the murderer and biological weapons research. But we don't know who mailed the anthrax. We don't know who made the anthrax. We don't know who stole the anthrax from USAMRIID -- or how. We don't know if those are the same people or different. And if they are different, we don't know what the connection between them might be. We don't even know if there might be more than one person involved. There is a lot we don't know. But thanks to the anthrax, there are a few things we do know. The problem, however, is where these clues inevitably lead. Tracing the anthrax, it has become clear that in order for the case to be solved, the FBI must take the lid off the nation's bioweapons-development program. And with a bevy of national-security issues at stake -- not to mention a host of political realities -- that makes the solution of the anthrax case by federal agents a critical test of the reorganization of the FBI. Six other countries also have the Ames strain THE AMES STRAINThough it is known as the Ames (as in Iowa) strain, the anthrax used in the 2001 attacks in fact originated in Texas. Disease strains usually are named after the city nearest to the laboratory where the strain was first isolated, and this strain was isolated at the veterinary laboratories of Texas A&M University in College Station, Texas in the early 1980's. Properly speaking, it should have been named the ""College Station"" strain. However, a program at the United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases (USAMRIID) at Fort Detrick, Md., was collecting samples of anthrax from around the country. The Texas strain was found to be uniquely virulent, more deadly than the Vollum 1-B strain used to develop stockpiles in the now-defunct strategic weapons program. This finding was reported in a paper published in 1986 by Dr. Gregory B. Knutson of USAMRIID, which misidentified the strain's origins due to a mixup involving the mailing labels used to ship the sample. Though incorrect, the name ""Bacillus anthracis Ames"" stuck and Knutson's sample became the parent of all the cultures of this strain. The samples distributed by USAMRIID are the sole source of identified Ames strain cultures found in laboratories. Some time between 1981 and the 1986 publication of Knutson's paper can be considered the earliest opportunity for the Ames strain to have begun its travels from USAMRIID to the attacker. The first clue is the use of the Ames strain of anthrax. Ames is one of the more virulent strains and is used in research to ""challenge"" vaccines. Anthrax is one of the least genetically diverse bacteria known. As of the beginning of this year, there were less than two hundred genetically identified strains, a fraction of the diversity found in other bacteria. Highly sensitive DNA tests using both genomic sequencing and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing shows that the attacker's anthrax is identical to a strain used in biological weapons research. The DNA test results were complete sometime in February, but the results were kept from the public until mid-May. Only a handful of laboratories do anthrax research, but until 1997, the exchange of samples between researchers was both common and informal. After the Oklahoma City bombing, Congress passed a law requiring all transfers of biological agents to be registered with the Centers for Disease Control in Atlanta, Georgia. The transfer documents are open records under the Freedom of Information Act. FOIA requests unearthed by the Washington Post show that USAMRIID distributed samples of the Ames strain to about a dozen researchers. To date, about fifteen locations in the United States and another half-dozen in other countries are identified as receiving the Ames strain from USAMRIID. Some of them appear to have shared samples with others still unknown. In addition to this distribution, there could be specimens of anthrax in many places, none of which are labeled ""Ames,"" but which are the same strain. Nobody really knows. So the use of the Ames strain is weak evidence for prosecution, but it shows a direct link between the attacker and research connected to USAMRIID. The real question is how direct is the connection. The second clue is the quantity of the anthrax used in the attacks, which was also noteworthy largely because of the nature of the sample. The total amount of material used in the letter attacks was about seven to ten grams. Earlier reports lean to the higher numbers and the later reports cite smaller amounts. Of this, most was comprised of harmless, dead vegetative cells and other non-infectious debris, but roughly two to three grams were pure spores -- a fact that stops researchers in their tracks. Growing anthrax bacteria is one thing, but turning living vegetative cells into dormant spores is something else. Producing quantities of vegetative cells is difficult, but not incredibly so. The problem lies in getting the vegetative cells to turn into spores without killing them. Making purified spores in quantity is a difficult and complex task -- not just hard to do, but hard to discover how. An amateur could conceivably grow live anthrax bacteria. But it is unlikely someone could independently rediscover how to purify and dry spore powder without drawing on knowledge and techniques gained from experience in weapons research. Weapons production works in enormous quantities of anthrax. Under these conditions, producing pure spores is relatively easy. The attacker's anthrax was roughly 75 percent non-infectious material. This was probably due to the attacker working with a relatively small quantity in weapons terms. In medical research, the quantity produced by the attacker is considered enormous. Growing purified spores in larger than microscopic quantities is strongly associated with bioweapons research and development. Spores are only of interest for examining inhalatory infection, a subject of mostly military concern. Even then, only tiny quantities are necessary. A lethal dose of inhaled spores is about 1/100,000th of a gram. Anthrax research for non-military purposes rarely if ever uses spores. Producing quantities of spores is the object of weapons-related research. Thus the quantity of spores is a second, and even more substantive, link between the attacker and weapons research. The overwhelming odds are that if the attacker produced the anthrax, he found out how to do it from contact with military research. It also suggests that similar weaponized anthrax powder may have existed at some as-yet undisclosed laboratories. Whose laboratory and where it is located will be critical information in a criminal trial. READ One Batch or Two? Particle Size in the Anthrax Mailings The LETTER SENT TO: NY FL DCDATE MAILED: Sept 18 Sept 18 (?) Oct 9NUMBER OF LETTERS: 21 (lost)2EARLIEST INFECTION: Sept 22 Sept 27 Oct 13PURITY: 10% (?) About 100%third clue from the spores is ambiguous -- namely, the anthrax used by the attacker varied in purity. It seems likely there were two batches of letters; three letters mailed in mid-September to New York and Florida, followed by two letters mailed in early October to Washington, D. C. The anthrax for the New York mailings was not very high in purity; those batches contained about 10 percent anthrax spores. The powder in the Daschle and Leahy letters is remarkably pure, consisting almost entirely of viable spores. The composition of the Florida anthrax is critical to the case. It appears to have been intermediate in purity between the New York and Washington, DC samples. It was more concentrated than the New York anthrax and contained a sufficient amount of aerosolized spores to cause three inhalatory exposures (one fatal and one nearly so), numerous trace instances of contamination in post offices, and a distinct pattern of airborne and non-airborne contamination in the American Media, Inc. offices. The epidemiological evidence shows that it was mailed at the same time as the New York letters. The great significance of these facts has been consistently overlooked. Maj. Gen. John Parker, commander of the division that includes USAMRIID, says the New York samples were considerably less pure than the Daschle sample. ""Times ten difference,"" according to Gen. Parker. According to the testimony of Dr. Kenneth Alibek, the former head of the Soviet Union's bioweapons research program, before the House International Relations Committee, the impurities included dead vegetative anthrax cells. The Daschle and Leahy samples were reportedly nearly- pure spores. However, the anthrax used in U. S. and Soviet weapons was not this pure. The impurities in the military anthrax were mostly due to the milling process used to reduce the size of the particles to the tiny size necessary to enter people's lungs. This milling debris would dilute the anthrax with killed or damaged spores. Its absence in the Senate samples is highly suggestive of a spray-drying process -- a recent innovation in anthrax-weapons research. The high purity of the anthrax is an indication the attacker knew critical details of weaponization technology and was familiar with the process. It's unlikely anyone would be able to produce such a pure result on the first try. That suggests the quantity used in the attacks was only one of several batches, some of which may have been failures. What happened to the earlier trial batches? Why does it appear the attacker had such a small amount, compared to the quantity necessary to perfect the process? Most importantly, how do the five samples of anthrax in each of the letters compare to each other? Are they different portions of a single batch or do they differ in their essential chemical and physical characteristics? Clearly NOT the kind of anthrax used by the military The fourth clue is the size of the anthrax particles. The earlier mailings used coarser powder than the later ones. There is conflicting information about the size of the particles. All of the envelopes were tightly taped to seal the seams and openings. It appears the anthrax that escaped in the mail leaked through the paper, not through openings or seams. To pass through the microscopic pores in the envelopes' paper, the particles would have to be smaller than 50 microns. To get into the lungs, anthrax particles have to be smaller than 10 microns (a single spore is about 1 micron). The tightly taped envelopes worked as filters, passing only the deadliest size of particles. The only inhalatory infections were related to the letter sent to Florida and the two letters sent to Washington, D. C. Tiny amounts of fine powder leaked out of the Florida letter in the mail, enough to be detected in several post offices, but not enough to make people sick. The pattern of contamination in the American Media, Inc. offices suggests a mixture of coarse and fine particles. Three people at the AMI offices were exposed to airborne particles. One died, one became very ill and one received antibiotics before an infection developed. The two who became ill are believed to have handled or opened the letter. Neither of the two letters sent to New York can be tied to any inhalatory infections, but they did cause several cutaneous infections. Those letters contained coarse granules -- according to one eyewitness, the New York anthrax was like sand, not fine powders. The known dates of initial infectious symptoms occur first in New York and are followed by the deaths in Florida. The New York infections (not including Kathy Nguyen's anomalous death in late October, which appears to be linked to the Washington DC anthrax letters) were cutaneous -- not inhalatory -- and there is no evidence of airborne transmission with the anthrax in the New York letters. The onset of infections in Florida followed several days after the initial symptoms appeared in New York. The difference between the Florida and New York anthrax samples will have to be explained during any prosecution of the attacker. Given what is known about how anthrax can be weaponized, the most likely (but not the only) explanation is that the anthrax used in the attacks was dried and weaponized as a single batch and the separation into different particle sizes and purities occurred after the spores were dried. This conclusion, if supported by additional evidence, has the corollary that the envelopes were filled in the following order: New York, Florida, Washington, D. C.. Some reports -- which appear to be leaks from a FBI/CIA briefing given to senators on the morning of October 25 -- say the particle size of the Washington D. C. anthrax was between 1 and 5 microns or between 1.5 and 3.5 microns. The same anonymous reports claim that the anthrax was ""milled"" -- ground into a fine powder. The narrow range of particle sizes and use of milling are typical of the older processes used by the U. S. and Soviets during their offensive weapons programs. It is now clear the anthrax used in the attacks is distinctly different from the anthrax made and stockpiled for military use. None of the reports of milled powder with a narrow particle size range have identified sources speaking from direct knowledge. Nor do these reports discuss the varying purity and particle size between the early and late letters. Yet these unsubstantiated hearsay reports have been continuously repeated in describing the powder. It now appears these leaks from the Senate briefing were wrong in several details: the quoted range of particle size is too small and the anthrax used in the attacks was not milled. The misinformation about the particle size and milling continues to be repeated in news reports. A weapons research program is the most likely source Three Office of Homeland Security press conferences given by Tom Ridge and others between October 25 and October 29, beginning immediately after the closed Senate briefings, contained little specific information. This is the only official source of information on the characteristics of the anthrax powder, and the specific size range of the particles was not disclosed. Overall, the information given out at the Homeland Security press conference was vague, muddled and created more speculation than answers. It did not settle the questions about the size of the anthrax particles or the process for producing the powder. It did, however, confirm the presence of weaponization additives. And unlike all but one other instance, the White House press conferences featured identified sources speaking on the record. Dr. Kenneth Alibek -- a Russian scientist who worked at the very top of the Soviet anthrax program and defected to the United States in the early 1990s -- is a third source of information about the anthrax powder. On December 5, Dr. Alibek and two other experts testified before the House International Relations Committee about the anthrax attacks. Of the three, only Alibek claimed to have direct knowledge of the investigation. He said he had been shown ""pictures"" of anthrax from two of the letters. Alibek identified what he called the ""first sample"" as being largely contaminated with vegetative cells; these would be dead anthrax bacteria that didn't turn into spores.

Alibek unequivocally said that the particles showed no signs of milling. Alibek's testimony about the particle size has not appeared in any news reports, though some stories have described other parts of the hearing. To date, though, Alibek has declined interview requests to discuss what he calls ""detective questions"" about the anthrax. Following the completion of the tests on the Leahy sample, unidentified sources were cited repeating the details about the range of particle sizes, the lack of milling debris and the presence of chemical additives. The newer information about the Leahy anthrax further reduced the likelihood of the older military process (which is what was described in the Senate leaks) being used by the attacker. Most significant among the Leahy results was the report of individual coated spores being observed in the sample -- something that had never been observed with the older military process. The two different descriptions of the anthrax powder correspond to the two ways of weaponizing anthrax into a dry powder. At least one of the descriptions is wrong. The anthrax used in the attacks is either one description or the other or neither -- but not both. The leaks from the Senate briefing describe the drying and milling process used by the U. S. and the Soviets. Alibek appears to be describing a spray-drying process similar to one the Iraqis were experimenting with a decade ago. The United States is known to be intensely interested in this newer technology for weaponizing anthrax. Both the milling and spray-drying processes have been reproduced by the United States in several recent ""defensive"" research programs. The CIA has done extensive research on biological munitions and production processes. Two of these efforts have been identified as Project Jefferson (actually a broad program involving many separate projects) and Clear Vision, the reproduction of a Soviet anthrax bomb. The Defense Threat Reduction Agency has built a pilot plant in Nevada capable of producing anthrax as part of Project BACHUS (Biological Activities CHaracterized by Unconventional Signatures.) Reportedly, this project acquired milling equipment, though DTRA has denied it was used for weaponization. The publicly- acknowledged work at BACHUS used Bacillus globuli, a less-dangerous ""simulant"" of anthrax. And the U. S. Army has been producing small quantities of weaponized anthrax for several years at the Dugway Proving Grounds. Prior to the disclosure of these activities, the U. S. government has routinely denied such research has been taking place. Use of the Ames strain, quantity, purity and particle size: These four points are strongly suggestive of weapons research being the source of the anthrax used in the attacks, but none of them are conclusive in and of themselves. Together, they paint a very strong circumstantial picture. It is unlikely that a loner, even with a strong background in microbiology, could produce five grams of purified anthrax spores with fine particle sizes. It's possible, but it would be very difficult and time-consuming to independently reproduce the results of years of research from highly specialized military programs. If the attacker had access to secret technical information about weaponizing anthrax, the difficulties become less of a barrier. If he had experience with the process, they practically disappear. The use of the Ames strain, the quantity, the purity and the particle size suggest the attacker had access to secret bio-weapons research. But there is nothing about these facts that points unequivocally to a source for the anthrax. The telltale link to the world of bioweapons The fifth clue implicating weapons research is the most damning -- namely, the presence of chemical additives. Without going into the details, this is the one part of the weaponization process that lacks other uses or applications and is unique to producing biological weapons. These additives are necessary to produce small particles from the spore slurry. They were detected in the anthrax used in the attacks by energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), a very sensitive test for chemical composition. These additives were discussed in the leaks from the Senate briefing, as well as at two Homeland Security press conferences. They also are mentioned in the still-secret FBI report on the Leahy sample. In mid-April, some facts from the analysis of the Leahy anthrax sample were leaked to CNN, U. S. News and World Report and Newsweek magazines. All three reports are based on anonymous sources. They disagree as to whether the weaponization additives are previously known or unknown to U. S. researchers, but they all agree that the additives are present. Chemical additives are a crucial part of the weaponization process. The specific chemicals are a tightly held secret (which should not be disclosed to the public). But the particular combination of ingredients would be strong evidence if the attacker used a formula similar to one developed in recent U. S. bioweapons research. The EDS testing is sensitive enough to identify the elements present in the anthrax powder. In some circumstances, it can also identify the chemical compounds themselves. So again, the critical information is not a mystery to the investigators, though it is not being made public. The bioweapon world's secretive environment protects the killer These five clues sum up what is publicly known about the anthrax used in the attacks. Together, they strongly suggest the attacker had access to either the technical information or the product from biological weapons research. The Ames strain from USAMRIID, amount of spores, purity, particle size and chemical coatings point to a well-funded and sizable research program with government support. The investigators know the composition of the additives, a highly restricted and specialized area of research. They also know whether the powder was milled or spray-dried, which means they know the type equipment which must have been used to make the anthrax. All of the questions posed in this article have answers. Many of the answers have been known to the investigators since late October, less than a month after the attacks became known. They have not been publicly disclosed nor has there been any explanation for this secrecy. The FBI investigation has been an embarrassing failure and it has taken many wrong turns. Some of the general information about the anthrax powder should be made public. There are details which can be revealed that could aid the investigation without revealing technical secrets -- and this kind of information may very well jog the memory of witnesses who can provide valuable leads. The secrecy surrounding the anthrax is central to the mystery of how this investigation has gone so wrong. Some facts are clear about the case. The weaponization process used by the attacker is newer and more sophisticated than allowed under the Biological and Toxin Weapons Convention, which specifically forbids developing new weapons. The attacks have shown how small quantities of a biological weapon are sufficient to be used as a strategic offensive weapon. The problem with the investigation may not be the attacker's attempts at concealment, but what the existence of the anthrax itself implies. And that is that somewhere -- in an environment insecure enough to allow diversion to criminal use -- secret, illegal and unauthorized research has developed new and dangerous ways to proliferate biological weapons. If that secrecy can also shield a murderer and a traitor, then murder is not the only crime the FBI should be investigating. Paul de Armond is research director at the Public Good Project, a privately-funded research network. In 1995, de Armond was the first source to identify the Oklahoma City bombing as domestic right-wing terrorism. He has written about crime and political conflicts which threaten democracy. His most recent works include an analysis of the WTO protests in Networks and Netwar: the future of crime, terrorism and militancy (a much longer version first appeared in Albion Monitor) and a discussion of right-wing domestic terrorism and weapons of mass destruction: Hype or Reality? The 'New Terrorism' and Mass Casualty Attacks (Chemical and Biological Arms Control Institute, 2000). This article expands on two of De ArmondÕs previously published reports on the anthrax attacks, ""Insider Diversion: Profiling the Anthrax Attacks"" and ""One Batch or Two: particle size in the anthrax mailings."" These and other reports are available at the Public Good website Comments? Send a letter to the editor. Albion Monitor August 16 2002 (http://albionmonitor.net)All Rights Reserved. Contact rights@monitor.net for permission to use in any format. "


does cream of chicken soup have gluten

Campbell’s Cream of Chicken soup is not gluten-free. In fact, if you live in the US, there are no currently no Campbell’s soups that are gluten-free.

Is Campbellâs Cream of Chicken Soup Gluten-Free?

Is Campbell’s Cream of Chicken Soup Gluten-Free? Gluten-Free Confidence Score: 0/10

Campbell’s maintains a list of their products that are gluten-free, and currently none of their soups are on that list (but if you see that change please notify us via the comments below). For our Canadian visitors, there are a few Campbell’s soups that are gluten-free and they maintain a separate list for Canadian Campbell’s products here. Get our FREE gluten-free guide loaded with tips and tricks to help you navigate the world of gluten-free!Send me the FREE Gluten-Free Guide!


history of nike huarache

Model: Nike Running – Nike Air Huarache Purpose: Running Original Release: 1991 Updates: Nike Running News The Nike Air Huarache is a running shoe that boasted innovative technologies, including the “Huarache Fit.” It was first released in 1991 and was inspired by old Native American sandals called Huarache. Stretch grip neoprene and Spandex make the shoe almost mold to the foot. Nike Air Huarache History [ratings] The Nike Air Huarache’s look is very simple, and the only Nike branding is shown with lettering at the heel. In 1992, Nike released special versions of the Nike Air Huarache in select color ways with nubuck uppers. In 2000, the original green/royal blue color way was reissued.

Nike Air Huarache

Home Nike Nike Running Nike Air Huarache Nike Air Huarache

Nike also collaborated with clothing company Stussy to create two special color ways of the Nike Air Huarache.


what does a coo do at a hospital

Hospitals are not just care facilities but substantial businesses in their own right. Senior executives in the hospital industry face the same challenges as others in the corporate world, but with the added complexities of a restrictive regulatory environment and tight budget constraints. The chief operating officer, or COO, is responsible for creating an efficient management structure within the hospital. If the hospital accomplishes its financial and patient-care goals cost effectively, the COO is earning his or her salary.

Salary of a Hospital Chief Operating Officer

Related Articles1The Average Salary of a CEO of a Large Hospital2Pay Scale for a Chief Financial Officer of a Hospital3What Type of Jobs Can I Get With a Master's Degree in Science Health Care Administration?4The Starting Salary for an MBA in Hospital Administration

IHS Survey Median Incomes A number of industry organizations survey and monitor hospital executives' compensation. One is Integrated Healthcare Strategies, an industry consulting firm. Its 2011 salary survey returned both average and median salaries for chief operating officers. A median is the point at which half earn more, and half earn less.

Chief operating officers in independent hospitals reported a median base salary of $265,000, with a median total compensation after bonuses of $287,900. Their counterparts in independent health systems, operating multiple facilities, earned a median base salary of $389,000 and a median total compensation of $430,900.

IHS Survey Averages and Analysis

Comparing median salaries to average salaries can provide additional insights. In the IHS survey, the same group of COOs reported an average base salary of $283,800 per year and total average compensation of $319,900.

Their health systems counterparts earned an average base salary of $414,400 and average total compensation including bonuses of $491,900 per year. This significant discrepancy between the median and average incomes indicates that a relatively small number of high earners distort the average with their exceptional compensation packages. High Earners The income of the highest earners in the COO ranks can be substantial. Most of this comes from stock options and other bonuses, rather than base salary. For example, Becker's Hospital Review reported the compensation of three Tennessee COOs for 2011.

IASIS Healthcare paid its COO $4.52M that year, of which $3.48M came in the form of stock options. Vanguard Health paid its COO $2.13M in total compensation, with a base salary of $685,000. Lifepoint's COO earned a total of $3.44M, of which $600,000 was the base salary. In the case of Lifepoint and Vanguard, the COO was also the company's president.

Outlook The Bureau of Labor Statistics projects that the health care industry will grow by 33 percent between 2010 and 2020, and will provide 28 percent of all new jobs in the country during that interval. The cost constraints and regulatory challenges hospitals face, and the uncertainty surrounding health care reform, spell opportunity for COOs. The combination of high demand and operating challenges creates a strong market for talented executives. IHS senior vice-president David Bjork, who heads the firm's executive compensation practice, notes that hospitals recognize it takes the prospect of a significant raise to make most senior executives consider changing employment. References (5)Resources (1)About the Author Fred Decker is a trained chef and certified food-safety trainer. Decker wrote for the Saint John, New Brunswick Telegraph-Journal, and has been published in Canada's Hospitality and Foodservice magazine. He's held positions selling computers, insurance and mutual funds, and was educated at Memorial University of Newfoundland and the Northern Alberta Institute of Technology. Photo Credits Christopher Robbins/Photodisc/Getty Images Cite this Article


meaning of bearing in hindi

rap Bearing Meaning in Hindi There are total 3 hindi meaning and definitions have been listed for the english word 'bearing'. Its first meaning is 'चाल-ढाल' which can be transliterated into english as 'chal-dhal'. Second definition is 'स्थिति' and its transliteration into Latin is translated as 'sthiti'.

bearing

bearing Hindi Meaning Category Hindi Translit Wordचाल-ढाल noun f. chal-dhal bearingस्थिति noun f. sthiti bearingआचरण noun m. acran bearingbearing - FAQs What is the meaning of bearing in Hindi? Translate bearing in Hindi language. What does bearing stand for? Is it verb or noun or adverb?beatable beat a retreatbeatific beatingbeat it beatitudebeatnik beat offbeat out beat the

Third will be read as 'acran' and written as 'आचरण'. Bookmark this website for future visits.


what does it mean when someone sign a document under duress

Duress is determined not by the nature of the pressure though, but by the state of mind induced in the victim. If you sign a contract under duress, the court may find the entire contract invalid. When Does Duress Occur in Contracts? Duress occurs when a person has been forced to do something by means of a threat. A person may raise a duress defense when force or violence is used to compel him to enter into a contract.

Duress Lawyers

Legal Topics Business Commercial Law and Contracts Breach of Contract Duress Lawyers Find a Local Business Lawyer near You1 (may not be the same place you live)2Can't find a category? Click here What Is Duress? Duress occurs when a person is influenced to sign a contract under pressure. Duress can be applied when a contract is made or when a contract was modified. Typical examples of duress include threats to personal liberty, threats of actual violence, and excessive economic pressure.

When a person raises a duress defense, the accused asserts that the contract should be invalid because he did not voluntarily enter into the contract. The person can only hold the contract invalid if the other party was the immediate cause and harm of the duress. One example of duress in contract law would be if one party signed the contract only because they were coerced or forced because they were threatened in a way. Find the Right Business Lawyer Hire the right lawyer near your location Find A Lawyer Now!What Is Economic Duress? Another form of duress in contracts law is economic duress. This form of duress is commonly found in commercial contract disputes. Economic duress occurs when one party uses economic pressure to unfairly force another party into a contract. Courts will look very closely at the nature of the economic duress to determine if the pressure is unfair. However, not all threats to breach a contract will constitute economic duress, especially if the threats were lawfully made. However, not all threats to breach a contract will constitute economic duress, especially if the threat was simply legal action and/or a typical event in average business dealings. A party which threatens to cancel the contract or which promises to bring a lawsuit to force performance is not committing duress. In addition, the threat must come from the other party, not a third party or an outside force. War, for instance, is not a valid form of economic duress, even if one party was in physical danger. What Is Physical Duress? Physical duress occurs when a person is forced entering into a contract as a result of threat of physical bodily harm on them or their family. If the person enters into the contract and agrees to the terms of the contract, but has no intent to enter the contract, and only did it if they were forced to, then the contract would not be binding. What Is Consideration? Consideration is the bargaining and exchange of goods or services. Consideration is considered the heart of a contract; without consideration, there is no contract. One of the fastest ways to check for duress is to see if proper consideration was given. When duress is applied, one party will benefit but the other party will only receive that which was originally promised. A promise to do what a promisor was already legally bound to do is not consideration. Note that this does not automatically mean that duress was applied, but the fact that only party was enriched from the modified agreement is highly suspicious. However, if both parties benefit, then consideration exists, which makes it unlikely that duress was a factor. For example, A agrees to mow B’s lawn in exchange for $100. However, A decides that he wants $200 instead. If A and B renegotiate the terms, A gets $200 in exchange for A mowing B’s lawn and doing B’s homework, then there is consideration and thus a valid contract. Suppose though, that A refuses to mow B’s lawn until B gives A $200 instead of the initially agreed $100. This alone would not establish duress, but a court would certainly look into the circumstances more. How Can Duress Be Proven? To prove duress in contracts, a party must show: (1) a continuous contract exists between the plaintiff and the defendant (2) the defendant threatens to terminate the preexisting contract and (3) the plaintiff under this duress accepts the terms of the contract and enters the contract solely because of it. Sometimes it is difficult to tell if duress is being applied. Courts examine other factors to determine if undue pressure is being exerted on one party by another: Timeframe for completion of contract performance for each party Bargaining power of both sides at the time the agreement was made The parties’ mental states at the time the agreement was made Whether the parties’ believed that the agreement was fair at the time the agreement was made Whether there were reasonable alternatives to contract modification or creation at the time the agreement was made Whether ordinary legal remedies (i.e. suing for breach of contract) was a reasonable solution to the problem. If a party feels they don’t have to time to conduct a lawsuit, they may make a bad bargain. What Can You Do if You Enter into a Contract under Duress? If you are sued for breaching a contract or you made a contract under conditions you think might constitute duress, you should speak to a business lawyer immediately to learn more about your rights, possible defenses, and how to deal with the complicated legal system. Post Your Case - Get Answers from Multiple business Lawyers Ki Akhbari Legal Match Legal Writer Last Modified: 03-06-2018 01:28 AM PSTLink to this page: Law Library Disclaimer


foods and supplements to lower blood sugar

re. Cinnamon a powerful anti-inflammatory and antioxidant, and helps lower blood sugar levels and improve insulin’s ability to respond to glucose in the blood. Sprinkle it on oatmeal, have it in tea form, sprinkle it on fruit!Prickly Pear/ Nopal: is one of the lowest foods on the glycemic index. Several studies in Mexico have shown blood sugar lowering effects. Grapefruit: Not only do grapefruits have plenty of vitamin C, they also contain naringenin, an antioxidant that appears to cut the risk of developing insulin resistance.

Foods That Lower Blood Sugar

Author Health Fitness Revolution Nutrition Foods That Lower Blood Sugar By Health Fitness Revolution - November 22, 2015 2tweet We wrote an article a while ago why sugar is bad for our health ( here ). But HFR is now taking it a step further and bringing you a list of foods that lower blood sugar and regulate your insulin levels! Sugar is bad for you not only because it is high in calories, but also because it spikes your blood sugar and your triglycerides, which is a risk factor for heart disease. Lima Beans: Are high in soluble fiber which slows digestion and prevents blood sugar from rising too quickly after you eat. Just don’t eat them raw because they are toxic uncooked. Oatmeal: is another super source of soluble fiber, which keeps blood sugar on an even keel and may lower your risk of type 2 diabetes. Bitter Melon: This vegetable looks like a cucumber with warts, and it’s an Indian folk remedy for diabetes. As the name implies, bitter melon has a taste that’s a long way from sweet but it can be cooked or added to other dishes. In one study, supplements of bitter melon juice improved the glucose tolerance of 73% of patients with Type 2 diabetes. Peanuts: eat a handful of peanuts or a Peanut butter because the fat, fiber and protein in these nuts can stave off blood sugar spikes. A study found that women who ate peanut butter (or an ounce of nuts) five or more times a week lowered their risk of type 2 diabetes by nearly 30%. Just be mindful of portion control because peanuts are high in calories. Cabbage: is low in calories and high in fiber, with a glycemic index rating of near zero, meaning that it converts to sugar very slowly in the body. Vinegar: vinegar has long been used to cure a wide range of ailments. The acetic acid in vinegar (the compound that’s responsible for its tart taste and smell) helps stabilize blood sugar levels after eating. So pick salad dressings that have a vinegar base for added benefits. Okra: is a low glycemic index food and it is low in calories. Okra contains a great deal of soluble fiber, which slows digestion of carbohydrates in the intestinal tract and can help stabilize blood sugar. Cinnamon: We praised it’s benefits in an article he

Spinach: This leafy green is a great source of magnesium, a mineral that helps regulate blood sugar and blood pressure. People with type 2 diabetes often have lower levels of magnesium in their blood. Health Fitness Revolution always aims to simplify the sometimes confusing health and fitness world. We are also a registered 501 (c)3 non-profit organization that you can make tax deductible donation: Post Views: 3,018Share: Previous article Fitness at Fifty Years Young Next article Morbid Obesity Statistics in America Health Fitness Revolutionhttp://www.healthfitnessrevolution.org HFR is an extremely motivated movement of people who want to create a healthier and fitter world www.healthfitnessrevolution.org

Diabetics can develop hyperglycemia if they don't take adequate insulin or if they consume too many carbohydrates, particularly simple carbohydrates that have a high glycemic index. Some research indicates that certain vitamins may help prevent hyperglycemia by lowering your blood sugar level, though more studies are needed. Obtain the majority of the vitamins in your diet from food -- do not attempt to treat blood sugar irregularities with vitamin supplements until you've consulted your doctor.

Vitamins to Help Lower Blood Sugar

Vitamins to Help Lower Blood Sugarby MICHELLE KERNS Oct. 03, 2017High blood sugar, or hyperglycemia, may be caused by medications, chronic illness or an imbalance in your hormones.

Video of the Day Error setting up player: Invalid license key Effect of Biotin An article published in 2005 in the Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry concluded that the B vitamin biotin stimulates the production of compounds like insulin that regulate blood sugar and inhibits the synthesis of enzymes responsible for stimulating the liver to produce glucose. The article also reported that people who don't consume enough biotin are more likely to have impaired glucose tolerance and higher blood glucose levels. The recommended daily allowance of biotin for adults is 30 micrograms. A whole cooked egg supplies 10 micrograms of biotin, a 3-ounce serving of canned pink salmon contains approximately 5 micrograms and pork chops have almost 4 micrograms in every 3 ounces. Other sources include whole grains, legumes, nuts, sardines and some produce like mushrooms. Effect of Vitamin DThe more vitamin D you consume, the less likely you may be to develop high blood glucose and Type 2 diabetes as you age, found a study published in the journal Diabetes in 2008. However, it's not yet known how vitamin D does this, or if increasing vitamin D intake can directly lower the levels of people who already have high blood sugar. Healthy adults should have at least 600 international units each day. Dairy products and juices fortified with vitamin D can help you reach your requirement, as can eggs and some types of fish. A 3-ounce serving of salmon contains 447 IU of vitamin D, while 1 cup of nonfat, reduced-fat or whole milk supplies 115 to 124 IU. Effect of Thiamine Thiamine, also known as vitamin B-1, is necessary for the breakdown of fats, carbohydrates and protein for energy and for the health of the immune and nervous systems. According to an article published in the Journal of Clinical Medicine Research in 2012, it's also a crucial component in glucose metabolism. Type 1 diabetics often have low thiamine levels; additionally, a large number of individuals who have high blood sugar are also deficient in thiamine. It's not certain, though, if a diet high in thiamine can prevent blood sugar problems. Men need about 1.2 milligrams of thiamine daily, and women need 1.1 milligrams. A 1-cup serving of wheat germ breakfast cereal fulfills over 100 percent of an adult's recommendation, with nearly 2 milligrams of thiamine; a 3-ounce serving of pork tenderloin supplies 67 percent of a man's requirement and 73 percent of a woman's. Effect of Vitamin B-6The average adult needs about 1.3 milligrams of vitamin B-6, or pyridoxine, per day. Required for the synthesis of antibodies and the hemoglobin in red blood cells, vitamin B-6 also plays a role in maintaining steady blood sugar levels. One study, published in the Journal of Nutrition in 2012, demonstrated that a low intake of vitamin B-6 was linked to increased inflammation and a higher risk of a developing a variety of diseases, including diabetes. Additional studies are needed to determine if consuming more vitamin B-6 can directly help regulate blood sugar. To make sure you're getting enough, include foods like bananas, beans, nuts, poultry, avocados and whole grains in your diet regularly. Lose Weight. Feel Great!Change your life with My Plate by LIVE STRONG . COMGOALGENDER AGEWEIGHT HEIGHTGET MY CALORIE GOALYOU MIGHT ALSO LIKEDiet for People With Hyperglycemia Things Not to Eat If You're Hypo- or Hyperglycemic Vegetables That Lower Blood Sugar Level Supplements to Lower Blood Sugar Natural Ways to Lower Blood Sugar Without Insulin How to Help Lower Hemoglobin A1C with Herbal Supplements Can Diabetics Eat Brown Sugar? How to Lower Sugar Levels in the Blood Immediately What Are the Side Effects of High Blood Sugar Levels? Home Remedies to Lower Blood Sugar Fast How to Calculate the Glycemic Index High Blood Glucose Levels & Potassium The Best Herbs to Help Lower High Blood Sugar Low-Carb Foods That Make You Feel Full List of Great Foods for Hyperglycemia Signs & Symptoms of High Sugar Level in the Blood List of Foods to Avoid to Reduce High Blood Sugar What Drink Will Help Lower Blood Sugar? Cinnamon & Hypoglycemia What Foods Lower Blood Sugar Fast?


definition of electric field

Electric field is defined as the electric force per unit charge. The direction of the field is taken to be the direction of the force it would exert on a positive test charge. The electric field is radially outward from a positive charge and radially in toward a negative point charge.

Electric Field

Electric Field

Click on any of the examples above for more detail. Lorentz force law Using Gauss' law for electric field calculation Index Electric field concepts Electromagnetic force Hyper Physics ***** Electricity and Magnetism R Nave Go Back


weather in cleveland area

Springtime weather and climate in Cleveland is warm and wet, while autumn is a pleasant season with September and October enjoying warm and sunny days. Cleveland's annual precipitation is around 91 cm / 36 inches and the average snowfall is 114 cm / 45 inches.

Cleveland Weather, When to Go and Climate Information (Cleveland, Ohio - OH, USA)The city of Cleveland enjoys a moderate climate with warm weather in the summer months and cool winters. In summer, visitors to Cleveland experience a pleasant climate and warm temperatures, and the hottest months of the year are July and August, when maximum daytime temperatures can reach around 82°F / 28°C. Nighttime temperatures may drop to the low 60s. Winter in Cleveland runs from November through to March and the coldest weather occurs in January, when daytime temperatures drop to around 30°F / -1°C. Snowfalls will occur through these months and these can be heavy.

Cleveland Weather and Climate Chart (Averages)The following are the normal daily temperature ranges for Cleveland: Maximum Minimum January0°C / 32°F -8°C / 18°FFebruary2°C / 36°F -7°C / 19°FMarch8°C / 46°F -2°C / 28°FApril14°C / 57°F 3°C / 37°FMay20°C / 68°F 9°C / 48°FJune26°C / 79°F 14°C / 57°FJuly28°C / 82°F 16°C / 61°FAugust27°C / 81°F 16°C / 61°FSeptember23°C / 73°F 12°C / 54°FOctober17°C / 63°F 6°C / 43°FNovember10°C / 50°F 2°C / 36°FDecember3°C / 37°F -4°C / 25°FCleveland Weather Charts - further Cleveland climate statistics and charts.


what does it mean when you dream of chewing on gum?

Gum To dream that you are chewing gum implies that you are having difficulties communicating your feelings and emotions. It may also represent a difficult issue that you are dealing with. To dream that you are unable to get rid of your gum indicates that you are uncertain of how to handle a certain situation. You don't comprehend an issue or circumstance or you are feeling pressured by someone or something.

Rubber To dream of rubber represents your ability to readily adapt to ever-changing situations. To dream of hitting someone with a rubber object signifies that what you are doing does not make much impact on others. Glue To dream about glue suggests that you have concern or anxiety about being stuck in a situation. This could be a fear of getting involved in a deep relationship, or simply a matter of not trusting people in your life. To dream that you are gluing something together indicates that you are accepting the existence of unfavorable traits within yourself. Dental Floss To dream of dental floss indicates that the time is right to address some responsibility issues in your waking life. People may be surprised and defensive by overly expressing for themselves instead of remaining quiet. Stick with it, as you will emerge true to yourself. Teeth In a dream, the teeth symbolize our connection to society. Our smiles are what make first impressions with our friends, coworkers and strangers. To have teeth which are dirty, stained, cracked or broken in a dream represent problems making connections with people. You may be worried that the people you meet do not truly know you, are getting the wrong impression, or can only see you for your flaws. Your teeth in a dream may also represent your ability to care for yourself. Brushing our teeth is a daily task which shows the respect we have for ourselves and the care that we take in public presentation. A dream in which you brush your teeth indicates that you might need to take control of yourself, your public image or your situation and gain confidence. A dream in which your teeth are falling out symbolizes an inability to care for the small responsibilities you have while you are awake. You might be worried that you cannot handle many tasks which have accumulated at work or at home. Dreams about teeth also very commonly occur when you are having tooth or mouth pain in reality. You may already have noticed a pain while you are awake, and this pain has continued while you are asleep and had a strong influence over your dreams. If you have not noticed a pain while you are awake, you might be grinding your teeth while you sleep, causing some discomfort. A dream in which you hear loud grinding industrial noises might be a result of this problem. Gnaw A dream about gnawing at something indicates things in life that take time to reach your goal requiring persistent effort for a long time. It appears exhausting and takes a lot of tries to achieve it but it may turn out to be the biggest thing you've ever accomplished and something to be proud of through rest of your life. Flossing A dream about flossing your teeth suggests that you are either trying to solve an issue or deal with it. It is about preparation for something that is concerning and bothering you. **Please See Dental Floss. Bubblegum Chewing bubblegum in a dream represents either a childhood innocence or an adult anxiety. For instance, chewing gum either shows that you are innocent, have no guilt toward any given situation, or it displays a concerned and jittery state, particularly when you are chewing fast and vigorously. Stepping on gum in a dream represents a minor setback you have experienced in waking life.1


when is the best time to visit spain?

ain Easter ( Semana Santa) is another popular time to travel in Spain, especially for the Spanish themselves, as is the week between Christmas and New Year. You might find it difficult to get accommodation during these times, so book in advance.

When Is the Best Time to Visit Spain?

By Damian Corrigan Updated 12/01/17Share Pin Email•••On this page you will find general information on when you should visit Spain is, but note that this is also the most popular time for everyone else too. For some this is an attraction as they want to be with lots of other tourists, while others can't think of anything worse than a crowded beach. The important things to consider when deciding when to visit Spain are the weather and the events that are going on. See also: How to Plan the Perfect Trip to Barcelona19 Regions of Spain: From Worst to Best Visiting Spain in Summer Advantages of Visiting Spain in Summer The weather is warm. Some tours only operate in the summer. Disadvantages of Visiting Spain in Summer The weather is too hot in many places. Many cities are deserted in summer. There are tourists everywhere. July and August are the busiest periods for international travelers, so if you want to go somewhere where you won't hear too much English, the Costa Brava at this time of year is not the place to be. In many ways, this isn't the best time to come to Spain, especially to internal cities like Madrid and Seville, as the Spanish evacuate these cities in the unbearably hot months and escape to the cooler coast. It can be tempting for some to visit Spain at the hottest time of year so they can guarantee they get a tan. But you may regret this when you see just how hot it can get. June and September are more comfortable times to get bronzed (and don't rule out May and Octobe

r). If this is the only time of year you can travel but you don't like the idea of such intense heat, consider visiting the north of Spain instead. Bilbao and Santiago de Compostela are much cooler than cities to the south. Weather in Spain in July

Weather in Spain in August Visiting Spain in Winter Advantages of Visiting Spain in Winter Less crowds Not so hot in the south More events going on Easier to book hotels at the last minute, allowing you to have a freer itinerary Disadvantages of Visiting Spain in Winter Bad weather in the north No beath weather in the south If you like to city hop at your own pace, without having to book your accommodation months in advance, than travel in winter, especially if you're on a tight budget. Other Popular Holidays in Sp

Semana Santa in Spain Christmas in Spain Spanish Public Holidays and 'Puentes'Spain has a number of local festivals and finding accommodation can be difficult at these times. Of course, if you are in town specifically to see the event, then you have no choice, but if you aren't, avoid Valencia during Las Fallas and Tomatina (March and late August), Seville for Semana Santa (Easter) and their April fair and Pamplona during the bull run. Many events are packed with festivities and are an essential time to visit, but others are more private affairs and you may find that nothing much is happening on these days. Spain has national public holidays and regional ones. Take particular note of holidays that fall on a Thursday or Tuesday. The Spanish tend to take the Monday or Friday between this holiday and the weekend off work (this is called a 'puente' or 'bridge'). You may find a lot of things closed for all four of these days. Find out more about Spanish Public Holidays. January & February Why Visit Spain in January/February? January begins with Three Kings Day celebrations on the 6th, followed by a number of interesting celebrations in the Balearic Islands. The San Sebastian festival in the city of the same name, with its Tamborrada drumming, is the biggest event of the month. February is carnival month, with the biggest events appearing in Cadiz and the Canary Islands. More: February in Spain: Calendar of Events February in Spain: Best Cities Weather: Cold in the north ( Basque Country and Cantabria) and in central areas like Madrid and Salamanca, wet in the north-west (Galicia and Asturias) but reasonably mild on the south coast. The Costa del Sol should see quite a bit of sun, but it won't be warm enough to sunbathe. If you're lucky, you might get enough sun in Madrid to be able to sup your wine on an outdoor terraza, but you'll probably still need a jacket. More: Weather in January & February in Spain Madrid Weather in January Barcelona Weather in January March & April Why Visit Spain in March/April? Las Fallas, one of the biggest events in Spain, takes place in March in Valencia. Then comes Semana Santa, the drawn-out Spanish version of Easter that lasts a week to ten days in the lead up to Easter Sunday. Almost immediately afterwards comes the Feria de Sevilla, Seville's festival of bullfighting , flamenco and more. More: March in Spain: Calendar of Events March in Spain: Best Cities April in Spain: Calendar of Events April in Spain: Best Cities Weather: You might get some warm weather in Andalusia, you might not, but it's worth packing sunblock and something to keep the chill out, just in case. The whole country is slowly warming up, but the weather could be quite changeable wherever you are. April should see some quite warm weather in Andalusia and sunbathing might be possible, but nothing is guaranteed at this time of year. More: Weather in March & April in Spain May & June Why Visit Spain in May/June? There are a number of local festivals in Spain in May: the Festival de San Isidro in Madrid and the Feria de Patios and Feria de las Cruces in Cordoba and the horse festival in Jerez being the main ones. More: May in Spain: Best Cities June in Spain: Calendar of Events June in Spain: Best Cities Weather: Hot in the south and warm in much of the rest of the country, though Madrid can remain changeable throughout May and the north and north-west can still expect some cool days. June is much more reliable, with glorious sunshine and warm weather in most of the country. More: Weather in May in Spain Weather in June in Spain July & August Why Visit Spain in July/August? The Pamplona Running of the Bulls at the San Fermin Festival kicks off the month (though there are a number of other bull runs around this time too). There is also horse racing at Sanlucar this month. August sees the Feria de Malaga, perhaps Andalusia's biggest summer festival. The month ends with the Tomatina Tomato Fight. More: July in Spain: Calendar of Events July in Spain: Best Cities August in Spain: Calendar of Events August in Spain: Best Cities Weather: Hot, hot, hot! Central locations like Seville and Madrid are ghost towns as the locals migrate to the coast to cool off in the sea. More: Weather in July & August in Spain September & October Why Visit Spain in September & October? Plenty going on in Catalonia in September, with the Festa de Santa Tecla in Tarragona and the Festa de la Mercé in Barcelona. In October, catch the Bienal de Flamenco, Spain's biggest flamenco festival, every two years (2008, 2010, etc) as well as a whole host of film festivals. More: September in Spain: Calendar of Events September in Spain: Best Cities October in Spain: Calendar of Events October in Spain: Best Cities Weather: The weather gets steadily cooler during September and October. It can still be quite warm in September (and far more bearable than in August) but the later you get the more unreliable the weather is likely to be. Weather-wise, this is one of the best time to visit central cities such as Madrid and Salamanca. More: Weather in September & October in Spain November & December Why Visit Spain in November/December? Matters wind down in November as the country gets ready for Christmas, though jazz fans will enjoy the events in Madrid and Granada this month. There's also a number of film festivals going on too. December is dominated by Christmas and the many events associated with it. Read about Christmas Calendar of Events in Spain More: November in Spain: Calendar of Events November in Spain: Best Cities December in Spain: Calendar of Events December in Spain: Best Cities Weather: This is when fall turns to winter and the weather will change accordingly. Sunny and chilly in the south; just chilly in the rest of the country. You might see some snow in December, but this is more likely in January or February. More: Weather in November in Spain Weather in December in Spain


yeast symptoms std

Six possible causes of symptoms that may masquerade as yeast infections include: Sexually transmitted infections (STDs): Some STDs can cause irritation and present with an itchy discharge and a slight odor. These include trichomoniasis , herpes and genital warts.

Donât Assume That Itch Down There Is a Yeast Infection

Don’t Assume That Itch Down There Is a Yeast Infection6 conditions that might fool you Share The symptoms of a vaginal yeast infection are familiar to many women: itching, irritation, and usually a thick white discharge. It’s easy to simply reach for the anti-fungal treatments at the first sign of irritation — and usually this does do the trick. Cleveland Clinic is a non-profit academic medical center. Advertising on our site helps support our mission. We do not endorse non-Cleveland Clinic products or services. Policy But if these symptoms come back often, or don’t respond to the usual treatments, it’s time to visit a doctor for a firm diagnosis — especially because other conditions can mimic yeast. Trying to treat another non-yeast-related condition with antifungals will not only be ineffective, but it can give you the illusion that you are treating it while another problem continues to develop. RELATED: Feminine Odor Problems? What Every Woman Needs to Know Conditions that can mimic a yeast infection

A skin reaction or allergy: Some sanitary products can cause a reaction, as can feminine hygiene products, bath soap, or even a change in laundry soap. Lack of estrogen: In the older age group, lack of estrogen causes the skin to thin, and this sometimes leads to discomfort, itching or discharge. Vaginal lubricants or a small dose of estrogen can help in this case. Hemorrhoids: The itching generally associated with hemorrhoids can also cause itching or irritation in the vaginal area. Other skin conditions: There are some skin conditions that can cause skin changes, such as whitening and itching. These may require a steroid ointment such as hydrocortisone for treatment. Small cuts: Even something as simple as a small cut can itch and feel irritated as it is healing. RELATED: Itchy Bottom? Why You Shouldn’t Blame Hemorrhoids If you aren’t getting relief from the usual measures, or you aren’t quite sure of the diagnosis, it’s worth a trip to the office to get checked out. Call your doctor to be sure you’re addressing any problems with appropriate treatment. January 27, 2016 / By Elisa Ross, MDTags: allergies, genital warts, hemorrhoids, herpes zoster virus, skin infection, STD, yeast infection Share Elisa Ross, MDElisa Ross, MD, is a obstetrician and gynecologist in Cleveland Clinic’s Women’s Health Institute. She loves caring for and educating women.


chrome defined

eal Chrome is the name of the Web browser developed by Google Inc., that appeals to many users as it combines a minimal design with sophisticated technology to make the Web faster, safer and easier to browse. Google Chrome was first released in September, 2008, for Windows, and later ported to Mac, Linux, i OS and Android devices. Recommended Reading: The release of Google Chrome was detailed in the Official Google Blog and in this comic book, created by the Chrome team as a way to explain the open source browser concept. Google Chrome Browser Features

Google Chrome browser

Main » TERM » G »Google Chrome browser Tweet Related Terms Chrome Web browser (browser)Lunascape Web browser Chrome OSChromiumget User Media APIChromium OSbrowser modifierlightweight browserkiosk browser By Vangie B

Since the first release, one main feature of the browser has been speed. Chrome offers a number of features such as instant search, the omnibox (one box to search and navigate), auto-fill to complete forms, saved password retrieval, and Google account sign-in to instantly access recent tabs and searches across all your devices. Other features include access to favorite pages instantly with thumbnails, desktop shortcuts to launch Web applications, and independently run tabs within the browser to prevent browser crashing. Integration with Google Apps By signing in when you use Google Chrome, personal searches, themes, favorites and history will sync across all your devices and sync with other Google apps. Anything you update on one device instantly updates everywhere else. You can also add Google Apps to one device (You Tube, Gmail, Calendar and so on) to access the app and your specific account and settings on all your devices. Chrome's Incognito Mode Chrome incognito mode is a way to browse the Web with privacy. Any page viewed in incognito won't remain in your browser’s history, cookie store, or search history after the incognito tab has been closed. From settings choose New incognito window (Ctrl+Shift+N) to start browsing the Web in this mode. Google Chrome Extensions In the Google Chrome Web Store you can download browser extensions to enhance your Chrome experience. Simply download and install extensions for themes, apps, shopping, security, photos, browsing enhancements and more. Download or Update Google Chrome The Google Chrome browser is available to download for the following platforms: Linux (64-bit Ubuntu 14.04+, Debian 8+, open SUSE 13.1+, or Fedora Linux 21+)Mac (OS X Mavericks 10.9 or later)Windows 7, Windows 8 (8.1), Windows 10 (64-bit)Android 4.1+ (Jelly Bean) or lateri Pad, i Phone, and i Pod Touch with i OS 9 or later What do you think about this? Interesting Not Interesting Share Tweet PREVIOUS Google blips NEXT Google Chromebook Pixel Related Links Google Blog: A fresh take on the browser (Sept 2008)Comic book to explain Google Chrome Using Autofill in Chrome Search the Web on Chrome


where did edison set up his first laboratory for research

Aside from being an inventor, Edison was also a successful manufacturer and businessman, marketing his inventions to the public. In 1876, the year of the American centennial, he opened his first full-scale industrial research laboratory in Menlo Park, New Jersey.

"1847, Milan, OH 1931, Llewellyn Park, NJThe first light bulbs lasted a mere 150 hours. Edison introduced one that lasted 1,200 hours. Today the average light bulb lasts approximately 1,500 hours. Photos: (left) Edison National Historic Site; (right) Schenectady Museum The Science of Innovation

The ""Wizard of Menlo Park"" brought the world electric light, recorded music, and the movies, among other things, and turned innovation into a science by inventing the research laboratory. Years of Change Born in 1847, Edison would witness tremendous change during his lifetime.

He would also instigate many of those changes. At age 12, he began work as a train boy on a Michigan railroad. That newfangled conveyance brought with it the telegraph, and soon young Edison, whose hearing was deteriorating, found work as a telegraph operator. The self-taught boy set up a mobile chemistry lab and printing press, and tinkered with telegraphy instruments, his lifelong habit of experimentation firmly in place. Over his career, Edison would successfully patent a record 1,093 inventions in the United States -- more than double the number of his closest competitor, George Westinghouse. Life-Changing Inventions Edison invented or refined devices that made a profound impact on how people lived. The most famous of his inventions was the incandescent light bulb (1878), which would revolutionize indoor lighting and forever separate light from fire. He also developed the phonograph (1877), the central power station (1881), the motion-picture studio (1892) and system for making and showing motion pictures (1893), and alkaline storage batteries (1901). Edison improved upon the original designs of the stock ticker, the telegraph, and Alexander Graham Bell's telephone. He was one of the first to explore X-rays, and in 1875, he announced his observation of ""etheric force"" -- radio waves -- although his claim would be rejected by the scientific community. The Business of Innovation

It combined electrical and chemical laboratories with a machine shop. By 1880, his hand-picked staff was developing commercial electrical lighting components, and Edison opened a factory to produce them. Within seven years, there were 121 Edison central power stations across the country, each obliged to buy Edison components. For financial security, he sold a share of the business to banker J. P. Morgan, renaming his company the Edison General Electric Company. In 1892, following another merger, Edison would get out of the electricity business, and his loyal assistant, Samuel Insull, would head to Chicago to make his own name in power delivery. Complications The inventor's life was not always easy. A myriad of business liaisons, partnerships, and corporations occupied Edison, and his legal battles were continuous. He also erred at times -- for instance, when he bet on direct-current (DC) power systems instead of the alternating-current (AC) being touted by George Westinghouse. Yet Edison maintained a positive outlook. Of his failed attempts at the light bulb, he said, ""They taught something that I didn't know. They taught me what direction to move in."" In tribute to this unique individual, Americans dimmed their electric lights for one minute on October 21, 1931, a few days after his death. "


what is aircraft ram air

In some cases, such as aircraft used in crop dusting operations a ram air turbine is used during normal operation to power chemical spray pumps.

What is a Ram Air Turbine?

A ram air turbine (RAT) is a small airflow driven engine that supplies emergency electrical or hydraulic power to aircraft or, in the case of crop dusters, powers ancillary equipment. These turbines are stowed away behind closed panels during normal flight and are generally only deployed in the case of total loss of power due to multiple engine failures. RATs are standard parts of the redundancy backup systems on larger commercial, military, and many crop dusting aircraft. The average ram air turbine on a passenger aircraft can generate over 50 kilowatts (k W) of power and have a propeller several feet in diameter. Older RAT designs featured twin bladed propellers although newer examples generally have multi-bladed, ducted fans. Most larger aircraft generate the power needed to run all their systems with generators driven by ancillary gearboxes on the engines or via an auxiliary power unit (APU) while the engines are not running. Should a failure occur during flight where none of these power sources are available, a propeller driven ram air turbine may be deployed to generate power from the air flowing past the aircraft. These small generators are situated behind bays or panels on the fuselage which are remotely operated from the flight deck. Should the need arise, the pilots will deploy the RAT and the bay will open, thus swinging the turbine propeller into the airflow past the aircraft.

This lowers the demand on the aircraft's engine and allows the pump to be located as low on the airframe as possible, thereby making the spray system far simpler and more efficient. The ram air turbine used on these aircraft usually has a fairly small propeller and generates between 500 watts and 5 kilowatts. The RATs on commercial aircraft are obviously far larger with the Airbus A380 ram air turbine measuring five and a quarter feet (1.63 m) across. The average RAT is a little smaller, at approximately 2.6 feet (80 cm) in diameter. These large commercial ram air turbines are capable of delivering between 25 and 70 k W of peak power to the aircraft systems. This will reduce when the aircraft's speed drops and is a factor which pilots have to contend with during emergency procedures. Older RATs had standard two or four bladed propellers similar in design to those used to drive propeller aircraft. Modern variants have multiblade propellers with shorter, duct enclosed blades which greatly increase efficiency. Ad


what is a straddle

le A straddle is any set of offsetting positions on personal property. One example, is a put and calloption on the same number of shares of a particular security, with the same exercise price andexpiration date.

Straddle

"Straddle Also found in: Dictionary, Thesaurus, Medical, Legal, Idioms, Encyclopedia, Wikipedia . Straddle Purchase or sale of an equal number of puts and calls with the same terms at the sametime. Related: Spread. Copyright © 2012, Campbell R. Harvey. All Rights Reserved. Straddle The strategy in which one has the same position in both a put option and a call optionwith the same underlying asset, strike price, and expiration date. An investor may have a straddle when he/she believes that the market for the underlying asset will be volatile andwill undergo dramatic price changes, but is unsure of which direction the changes will go. A straddle allows the investor to profit regardless of which direction the underlying moves,provided there is a significant movement. A small price change in either direction will result in a loss. See also: Long Straddle, Short Straddle. Farlex Financial Dictionary. © 2012 Farlex, Inc. All Rights Reservedstradd

le1. In futures, the purchase of a contract for delivery in one month and sale of a contract fordelivery in a different month on the same commodity.2. In options, the purchase or sale of both a call and a put, generally with the same strikeprice and expiration date.

The buyer of a straddle benefits from large price fluctuations in theunderlying asset, while the seller of a straddle, who collects the premiums, benefits fromsmall price changes in the underlying asset. Wall Street Words: An A to Z Guide to Investment Terms for Today's Investor by David L. Scott. Copyright © 2003 by Houghton Mifflin Company. Published by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved. Straddle

. A straddle is hedging strategy that involves buying or selling a put and a call option on the sameunderlying instrument at the same strike price and with the same expiration date. If you buy a straddle, you expect the price of the underlying to move significantly, but you're notsure whether it will go up or down. If you sell a straddle, you hope that the underlying price remainsstable at the strike price. Your risk in buying a straddle is limited to the premium you pay.

As a seller, your risk is muchhigher because, if the price of the underlying security moves significantly, you may be assigned at exercise to purchase or sell the underlying security at a potential loss. Similarly, if you choose to buy off-setting contracts when the prices move, it may cost you morethan the premium you collected. Dictionary of Financial Terms. Copyright © 2008 Lightbulb Press, Inc. All Rights Reserved. Stradd

Copyright © 2008 H&R Block. All Rights Reserved. Reproduced with permission from H&R Block Glossary Want to thank TFD for its existence? Tell a friend about us, add a link to this page, or visit the webmaster's page for free fun content . Link to this page:StraddleFacebook Twitter "


what type of brain tumor did craig shergold have

There really is a Craig Shergold, and he did have cancer. In 1989 an appeal was made on behalf of this then 9-year-old English boy afflicted with a terminal brain tumor. Young Craig wanted to be in the Guinness Book of World Records for having received the most greeting cards. By 1990, 16 million cards had arrived, and his wish had come true.

Craig Shergold, An Urban Legend

Craig Shergold, An Urban Legend – This is a Writer’s Block that came from Live Journal. I use to be a Live Journal user. This question was posted. Craig Shergold, An Urban Legend Do you have a favorite urban legend? Yes, My favorite one is the story about Craig Shergold. It was about a boy with brain tumor that wanted greetings cards and it got switched and said business cards. I posted about this back in 2005. When did you first hear it? I first heard about it from the International Business Card Collectors (IBCC). It was well told, since we all collect business cards. What’s the story behind the story? I am reposting my post from 2005 below …I have been getting a lot of this lately. I have sent off a tons of business cards to this young boy dying of cancer… I hate to tell you this, this has been going on since 1980’s. It started out he really wanted greeting cards, but changed to business cards. If you send any mail to the Make-A-Wish foundation, it will go to lost mail. Lost mail is unclaimed mail. This is what I mention in my web site about it: Old Chain letters An old chain letter still circulating around the internet and other ways (Since 1989). This is for a young boy named Craig Shergold. He was asking for business cards as part of the Make-A-Wish Foundation. Well, it is false, he wasn’t looking for business cards, but greeting cards instead. But no need for them now! Please if you get this delete and tell the people that sent it about the legend and refer them to the web sites about it. It is just an urban legend. Read about the legend. Find about other False Make-A-Wish Foundation Chain letters. Copy-Pasted This is copy-pasted from http://www.wish.org/home/chainletters.htm web site about it: If you receive a chain letter…Please reply to the sender and inform him or her that the Make-A-Wish Foundation does not participate in these kinds of wishes. Refer the sender and all recipients to this page. Please do not forward the chain letter. Craig Shergold, Craig Sheldon, Craig Sheppard, Craig Shelton, and Craig Shelford In 1989, a then 9-year-old boy named Craig Shergold wanted to be recorded in the Guinness Book of World Records for receiving the most greeting cards. His wish was fulfilled by another wish-granting organization not associated with the Make-A-Wish Foundation. You can also find more information by googling this. You will find a whole bunch of info. I would like to thank the newspapers that are making it public that is a false one. So remember to check things out. Not everything you see or read on the internet is true. This was taken from http://www.snopes.com/inboxer/children/shergold.htm: Claim: A child dying of cancer in England needs your business cards to get into the Guinness World Book of Records. Status: False Origins: An urban legend rivaled in tenacity by only the infamous Cookie Recipe (and even that monster runs a distant second), this appeal from a dying child touches the generosity in all of us and taps into our urge to do something — anything — in the face of unthinkable tragedy. In a perfect world, children wouldn’t die of horrible diseases. Our natural impulse upon encountering such cosmic injustice is to look for some way to make up for the tragedy. That such a child would have a final wish — and especially that the wish would be such a simple one — moves us to action. We can do little to alter the harsh reality of young lives snuffed out by incurable disease, but we can collect a few business cards. So we do. Good Intentions wreak havoc It’s hard to believe that so much good will and fine intentions could wreak havoc, but they have. And they still are.

(According to the 1997 edition of that book, by May 1991 he had collected 33 million. )Ah, but that was then, and this is now. Shergold’s tumor was successfully removed in March 1991, and this lad (born 24 June 1979) is now a healthy young man. However, like the implements in the Sorceror’s Apprentice, the cards and letters have proved impossible to stop — they just keep rolling in. Several versions of the Craig Shergold appeal still circulate, and almost every one of them now asks for business cards, not greeting cards. (In yet another form of the same hoax, compliments slips are solicited. )Other names used The child’s name also gets munged on a regular basis. “Craig Shelford“ and “Craig Stafford“ and “Craig Sheppard“ and “Greg Sherwood“ are common variations, but there’s a double handful of similar-sounding names out there too. With some of the names, it’s difficult at first to be sure if they’re Shergold mungings (“John Craig“ comes immediately to mind. And yes, it is.) In those cases, a quick look at the address where the cards or slips are to be mailed will settle matters — many Shergold appeals direct mail to an address on Selby, Selsby, or Shelby Road. (The real Craig Shergold did at one time live on Shelby Road in Carshalton, England. The family has since left that address. )One of the addresses used in the “request for cards“ letter is that of the “81 Perimeter Center East“ in Atlanta, which before the emergence of the hoax was the office of the Children’s Wish Foundation International. The foundation had to relocate because of all the unwanted Shergold mail. The U. S. Postal Service in Atlanta holds the hoax mailings (now more than 100 million) for a required length of time and, after they remain unclaimed, releases them to an Atlanta paper recycler. So end all those thousands of business cards everyone was scurrying around to gather up and mail off. A related “dying wish“ request goes out in the name of Ryan Mc Gee of Virginia. (His name is sometimes munged as Ron Mc Kee.) Though the child is real and he is battling a form of cancer (for which the prognosis is, and always has been, good), the request being made in his name is not. He never expressed any wish for cards or to get into the record books. Somewhere along the line, someone starred him in a version of the Craig Shergold hoax, transforming him into a dying child with a jones for cards. Because of the volume of mail being sent to his home, the family halted mail delivery to their address. They also moved. To give you an idea of how specious appeals like these can impact real people, a woman with the same last name who lives in that area is contemplating getting an unlisted number — there have been days when she’s found 18 messages on her answering machine from people looking for information about the boy. Make-A-Wish Foundation Though the Make-A-Wish Foundation of America has never been involved with this appeal, it became a permanent fixture in the standard chain letter. Kind-hearted souls are invariably directed to mail business card offerings to it. Make-A-Wish has made repeated requests that “people please stop sending business cards or greeting cards to Craig Shergold“ but these continue to go unheeded. They’ve set up a special 800 number people can call to hear a recorded message about Craig Shergold and Ryan Mc Gee: 800-215-1333. They also have a Craig Shergold web page. Guinness World Records Having learned its lesson about Pandora’s Box and dying child appeals, Guinness World Records retired the category for the most get-well cards, leaving Craig’s 1992 record of 33 million unchallenged. Cards continue to flow in, though, and the latest guesstimate has it that over 200 million have been received. Years ago Craig’s Shelby Road home was granted the British equivalent of its own postal code. Guinness explains its position very clearly in the FAQ on their web site, saying of Shergold record: This record attempt has ceased. Many years ago, a boy fighting cancer started a campaign for people to send him get-well messages in order to set a record for the most items received. Not only was that boy successful in getting a mention in the 1991 edition of the Guinness World Records book, he also made a full recovery. However, since then chain mails have started up with variations on the original story, some requesting business cards or compliments slips rather than get-well messages. If you get any such request, please destroy it, and if anyone asks you about it, please tell them it is a hoax! Make-A-Wish and Guinness World Records aren’t the only ones pleading for the madness end: both Craig and his parents have granted a number of interviews in an attempt to put an end to this, including an appearance on ABC’s Good Morning America on 26 October 1997. No such luck so far though. Thanks,Steve Patterson Share Tweet Pin +1 Share Stumble0Sharing is Caring! Please Share!Email Tweet Print Share on Tumblr Pocket Telegram Like this: Loading...


how much damage harvey

Ordinarily, Watson said a hurricane like Harvey might cause less than $5 billion in economic damage. But the floods could cause that number to balloon, and additional factors could make Harvey a $30 billion storm.

How much damage will Harvey cause?

"US & World How much damage will Harvey cause? Insured losses could be over $2 billion JILL DISISPosted: Aug 28, 2017 02:24 PM MDTUpdated: Aug 28, 2017 03:57 PM MDTScott Olson/Getty Images A vehicle navigates a street flooded by rain in Galveston, Texas. Related Hurricane Harvey: The damage Texas takes cover for Hurricane Harvey Google, Exxon, Caterpillar ... Corporate America donates millions to Harvey relief Harvey funding added to Congress' agenda As Harvey's waters rise, so do panic levels, rescuer says Civilians, strangers are heroes in Texas Exxon oil refinery damaged by Harvey NEW YORK (CNNMoney) - Hurricane Harvey has dumped about 2 feet of rain along Texas' Gulf Coast, an amount that could double in some places before the storm is done battering the region. And when the waters finally recede, the extent of the damage will be revealed -- from soggy and broken keepsakes to waterlogged cars and wrecked homes and businesses. The total destruction that Harvey will bring is far from clear. AIR Worldwide, a risk modeling company, estimated Monday that insured losses from just the winds and storm surge could reach more than $2.3 billion. And an earlier estimate from the analytics firm Core Logic showed that Harvey, which is now a tropical storm, could cause as much as $40 billion total in damage. That's enough to make it one of the costliest hurricanes to ever hit the United States -- and many people will not have adequate insurance to rebuild. One of the key reasons the cost of the storm damage is difficult to predict: Experts are still waiting to see what kind of flood damage Harvey wreaks, said Pete Dailey, a vice president at the catastrophe modeling company RMS. Houston could see 50 inches of rain by the weekend, forecasters predict. ""This is a very special circumstance given the amount of rain,"" Dailey said. ""Just the sheer volume of rain that's falling from the storm. ""Usually, severe winds that tear off roofs and uproot trees are a major source of damage during hurricanes. But in Harvey's case, storm surge damage brought by the storm's winds likely won't be as extensive as inland flood damage from rivers that overflow their banks, Dailey said. Meantime, pooling water from rain in urban areas can damage homes, offices and other buildings. Ocean water can be an even bigger headache than freshwater rains since the salt in it can corrode and destroy electronics. The rains and floods from Harvey will almost certainly magnify the impact of the storm, said Chuck Watson of Enki Research, a disaster modeling group.

He compared the rainfall from Harvey to that of Tropical Storm Allison, a 2001 disaster in the same region that caused about $12 billion in damage. ""Harvey has put more rain in the Houston area in less than three days than Tropical Storm Allison did in five days,"" Watson said. There are plenty of other factors to consider, including damage to transportation and electrical power and the storm's effects on the workforce and the region's energy sector -- a vital one for the country. Analysis from RMS shows that roughly 10% of the drilling rigs, oil and gas platforms, wells and other energy assets in the Gulf of Mexico could be affected by Harvey. That equipment is valued at more than $20 billion. Another issue: Watson estimated that less than a third of the damage that Harvey might bring will be insured. The Consumer Federation of America on Monday estimated that Harvey could result in as many as 50,000 claims for wind damage by homeowners, with payments likely approaching $2 billion. Insured flood claims could be more than $5 billion, the company said.— Have you been affected by Hurricane Harvey? Do you plan on filing an insurance claim — or are you unable to? CNNMoney wants to hear from you. Email the author of this article at jill.disis@cnn.com. Copyright 2017 by CNN New Source. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed. "


distance between butte to belgrade

s Distance, Gas Consumption and Emission Notes Distance from Butte, MT to Belgrade, MT is 76Miles or 123 Km. You can get this distance about 1 hour 14 mins. If you want to planning travel with plane for 68 Miles or 109 Km, You can get this distance about 38 mins. A car with an average MPG will needs 3.52 gallons of gas to get the route between these points. The estimated cost of gas to get between Butte, MT and Belgrade, MT is $7.99.

Distance Between Butte, MT and Belgrade, MTHow many miles? 76 Miles or 123 Km How much does it take? 1 hour 14 mins Travel With Mile Distance Km Distance Duration Car 76 Mi 123 Km 1 hour 14 mins Plane 68 Mi 109 Km 38 min

During the route, an average car will release 68.96 pounds of CO 2 to the atmosphere. Your carbon footprint is 0.91 pounds of CO 2 per mile. * Average US MPG used for calculations is 21.6 MPG. * Average US gas price used for calculation is 2.27 per gallon. Most Searched About Butte, MTCities Distance Butte, MT to New Orleans, LA 2076 Miles Butte, MT to Lake Charles, LA 1891 Miles Butte, MT to Ames, IA 1149 Miles Most Searched About Belgrade, MTCities Distance Belgrade, MT to Sidney, MT 421 Miles Belgrade, MT to Bozeman, MT 11 Miles Belgrade, MT to Seattle, WA 667 Miles


what type of material is farberware bowl made of

With the exception of the aluminum base, vintage Farberware pans are made of easy clean stainless steel. Always a plus. So enjoy cooking up a storm in some “new” vintage Farberware pans.

Why Vintage Farberware Is Collectible Cookware Vintage Farberware – the old stuff – is a solid vintage cookware bargain. While not as well known as vintage Revere Ware, it has definite collecting and cooking merit. Vintage Farberware History The Farberware brand has been around since the turn of last century. The company was first known for giftware and then moved into small appliances. In the 1950s Farberware became one of the great American cookware brands riding the post-WWII prosperity wave. The result was the high quality, made in USA, vintage kitchen cookware of the type now prized by collectors. Farberware’s Bronx manufacturing plant was closed in 1996 and the Farberware name licensed to a company that manufactures a wide variety of products overseas. Five reasons to snap up that old vintage Farberware1. Even heating Vintage cookware made by Farberware has an aluminum base that distributes heat evenly across the bottom of the pan. This minimizes hot spots whether you are searing steaks or simmering sauces.2. Heavy duty build Solid construction was a given on vintage Farberware cookware. In almost all of the vintage pieces I have seen, the handles are still tight and the bottoms of those Farberware pans are still flat.3. Bargain price for the quality As of this writing vintage Farberware pans present a relative bargain compared to modern and vintage kitchen cookware of similar quality. If vintage Farberware was a stock, it would would have a “buy” rating.4. Practical handles and knobs While I am a fan of many types of vintage cookware, I personally find the high knobs on vintage Farberware knobs easy to grip, even with a thick potholder. I am also fond of the practical double handle design on the extra large skillet and the metal hooks at the end of long handles that enable wall storage ala Julia Child.5. Stainless steel construction

Just like vintage Revere Ware, Descoware and others, this vintage cookware can be a solid addition to your vintage kitchen collection. And right now it’s a relative bargain. Be Sociable, Share!Tweet TAGS } vintage cookware, vintage farberware, vintage kitchen, vintage revere ware