what is after hours trading

ing The trading of securities after the exchanges are closed. After-hours trading often refers to trading a listed security in the over-the-counter market after the exchanges have been closed forthe day. This fairly common practice is not illegal. Also called extended-hours trading.

after-hours trading

"after-hours trading After Hours Trading The practice of trading a security after an exchange has closed. After-hours trading occursover-the-counter, but both listed and unlisted securities may be traded. After-hours trading is often less liquid than regular trading because participation by market makers is voluntary,whereas market makers are required to serve as a counterparty for a security during trading hours. The price of a security in after-hours trading may influence is price on the next trading day. The practice is less commonly called extended-hours trading. Farlex Financial Dictionary. © 2012 Farlex, Inc. All Rights Reservedafter-hours trad

Case Study Research indicates individual investors trading outside normal market hours (9:30a.m. to 4:00 p.m. EST) can expect to incur increased transaction expenses. The higher expense of after-hours trading stems from reduced liquidity and the resulting larger spreads between bidand ask quotations. For example, a stock that typically trades with a spread of 5¢ to 10¢ duringregular market hours might have a spread of 25¢ to 50¢, or even more, in after-hours trading. Actively traded stocks during regular hours often become relatively illiquid in after-hours trading,when few orders are posted and even small transactions can result in large price fluctuations. The potential volatility and lack of liquidity in after-hours trading are likely to result in individualinvestors paying too high a price when buying stock and receiving too low a price when sellingstock. Wall Street Words: An A to Z Guide to Investment Terms for Today's Investor by David L. Scott. Copyright © 2003 by Houghton Mifflin Company. Published by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved. Want to thank TFD for its existence? Tell a friend about us, add a link to this page, or visit the webmaster's page for free fun content . Link to this page:after-hours tradingFacebook Twitter "


where is nym in nym's stronghold

dit Nym's Palace on Lok Nym eventually became the leader of Lok during the Galactic Civil War, and would continue to use this as his base of operations. By then, it was known as Nym’s Palace or Nym's Stronghold, and had once again undergone a dramatic transformation. It was now the largest city on Lok and held the only spaceport on the entire planet.

Nym's Base

"in: Legends articles, Buildings, Lok locations, Military bases Nym's Base Edit Share Nym's Base General information Constructed Rebuilt by Trade Federation 22 BBYRebuilt by Nym's forces post- 22 BBYBuilder Lok Revenants Location information Planet Lok Location Nym Protectorate [1]Societal information Era (s)Rise of the Empire era Rebellion era Affiliation Nym Lok Revenants Trade Federation [Source]"" Ten years of crawling 'round the galaxy and at last we're home. ""― Nym to the Lok Revenants [src]Nym’s Base was the hideout and main headquarters of the pirate Nym, located on the surface of Lok in a relatively desolate region called the Nym Protectorate. It was constructed out of a crater close to the Grendin River and went through several reconstructions as a contested site between Nym and the Trade Federation . Contents [ show]Characteristics Edit Nym's base appeared to be relatively undefended, but maintained numerous hidden defenses throughout the base. It held a hangar used to launch the Havoc, as well as the other Revenant starfighters. This base was constructed into a crater, and it's primary defenses were two turrets stationed along the entrance while others were scattered across the interior. Three large cargo freighters and two smaller freighters were parked in the interior. The primary defensive weapon was the powerful Inferno Turret, which during the Trade Federation's attack was able to fend of a C-9979 landing craft from landing inside the base itself. This turret had a five barrel rotating cannon and two dual laser cannons, one on top and one to the side. History Edit The Lok Revenants operated out of the base, and would frequently attack passing Trade Federation supply ships above the planet, bringing them down and salvaging their cargo. It was unknown how long Nym had been using the base for, but as of 32 BBY it was already well established. [2]Things took a turn for the worse for Nym when he and his Revenants attacked a Trade Federation Superfreighter carrying prototype Vulture droid starfighters. While the Federation had turned a blind eye to the Revenants' previous attacks, this cargo was far too valuable, and they launched a full-scale invasion of Lok, leaving Nym and his friends little option but to retreat under fire. The attack nearly caused the death of Nym’s aide, Jinkins, but he was saved by Nym, and accompanied the evacuation transports as they departed Lok. [2]Trade Federation control and onwards Edit"" I’ve waited a long time for this! ""―Nym upon retaking his base [src]With Nym chased off the planet, the base fell under the control of the Federation, and they drastically modified it. The open crater was sealed with a large dome and the inside converted into a droid foundry and hangar. [3]The hangars were converted into fueling stations for Federation freighters. In 22 BBY, these stations were destroyed in battle by the orbital cannon that had been assembled on one of Lok’s moons by the returning Revenants. With the death of Lieutenant Bella, the base was once again under the control of Nym, after his assault on the complex. [3]Nym's Palace E

Both Lord Nym and Jinkins could usually be found here and were known to employ a variety of characters to carry out assignments on their behalf. [1] In 1 ABY, Nym's Anniversary Bash was held there. Appearances Edit Star Wars: Starfighter (First appearance)Starfighter: Crossbones 1 (Appears in flashback (s))Star Wars: Jedi Starfighter Star Wars Galaxies: An Empire Divided Star Wars Galaxies: The Ruins of Dantooine Star Wars Galaxies Trading Card Game – The Shadow Syndicate (Light Side and Dark Side scenario campaigns) (Mentioned only)Sources Edit"" State of the Arts ""— Star Wars Gamer 9Jedi Starfighter: Prima's Official Game Guide From Pencil to Pixel: The Art of Star Wars Galaxies Aiding the Rebellion on the official Star Wars Galaxies website (content now obsolete; backup link)Nym in the Databank (content now obsolete; backup link)Notes and references Edit↑ 1.0 1.1 Star Wars Galaxies↑ 2.0 2.1 Star Wars: Starfighter↑ 3.0 3.1 Star Wars: Jedi Starfighter Categories: Legends articles Buildings Lok locations Military bases "


where do black widow spiders live in the us?

e. BLACK WIDOW SPIDERSSeveral species of black widow are common in North America, but in the western United States the only species present is the western black widow, Latrodectus hesperus. Its habitat ranges from British Columbia and Alberta to Mexico and throughout the Rocky Mountains to the western portions of the Great Plains.

"UC IPM Home > Homes, Gardens, Landscapes, and Turf > Widow Spiders and Their Relatives How to Manage Pests Pests of Homes, Structures, People, and Pets Widow Spiders and Their Relatives Published 3/17In this Guideline: Black widow spiders Brown widow spiders Other related spiders Management About Pest Notes Publication Glossary Female western black widow spider. Immature female western black widow spider. Mature female brown widow spider. Male brown widow (right) and a female brown widow (left). Light-colored brown widow spider. Dark-colored brown widow spider. Brown widow spider egg sacs. There are two species of widow spiders in California, the western black widow and the brown widow. Both are in the genus Latrodectus and are characterized by a similar body shape, reclusive habit, and irregular cobwebs. The western black widow, a native species, is widespread, and is the spider posing the greatest potential envenomation threat to humans in the western United States. It is well known in many localities, and nonprofessionals can identify it easily. In the first decade of the 21st century, the non-native brown widow became established in southern California. Although it isn't nearly as dangerous as the black widow, it causes alarm because of the reputation of its relativ

In California, it is a common desert spider that can survive very hot, dry conditions. However, black widows also can be found in mountainous terrain above 5,000-foot elevation in Southern California, where snow covers the ground every winter. Outside California, western black widows are common in urban Colorado, in central and eastern Washington state, and in southern British Columbia. Because the holes, cracks, crevices, trash, and clutter associated with human structures provide ideal habitat for the western black widow, these spiders are often very common around homes, barns, outbuildings, and rock walls. In such supportive habitats, mature females can be found every few feet and sometimes within inches of each other. Identification A mature female western black widow spider is about 1/2 inch (13 mm) in body length, and has a rounded abdomen and very characteristic coloration. She is shiny jet black all over her body and legs, except for a red pattern on the underside of the abdomen, which looks, in perfect specimens, like an hourglass. Some specimens have a brownish or plum-colored tinge, but usually these are females that are so well fed that the black-pigmented abdomen has been stretched until it looks brown instead of black. The red hourglass varies in appearance; it can be two perfect triangles with points merged to make a perfect hourglass, two triangles separated by a space, a triangle and a small bar, minimal or almost imperceptible red coloration, or, on rare occasions, completely absent. The false black widow, which is discussed below, is chocolate brown and never has red coloration, although many people frequently mistake it for a black widow. As easy as it is to identify an adult female black widow, the immatures, looking nothing like the mother, can be difficult to recognize. When black widow spiderlings emerge from their egg sac, they have tan legs and a tan cephalothorax (the body part to which the legs attach), while the abdomen is mostly white with a few black spots. As the spider grows, the background coloration of the abdomen becomes olive-gray or tan; and there is a longitudinal white stripe on the top of the abdomen and diagonal stripes on the flanks, with a small black dot at the uppermost portion of each diagonal stripe. As the spiderlings continue to grow larger, they molt, like all spiders, in order to shed their restrictive exoskeletons. With successive molts in females, the white stripes become thinner, the olive-gray or tan coloration darkens toward black, and eventually the spider acquires its well-known black coloration. Some mature females retain one or two conspicuous, indented white lines on the front surface of the abdomen that look like a corporal's chevrons. In the youngest spiders, the space where the hourglass develops starts off being a whitish shield. As the spider grows and molts several times, the color of this shield turns from white-yellow to orange-red and changes from a shield with a thick middle portion to an hourglass with a thin, tapered middle. In contrast to the female, the male black widow retains the coloration of the juvenile. After it matures, it stops eating and its abdomen shrinks (its only task at this point is to mate). The male still retains one longitudinal abdominal stripe and a set of diagonal flank stripes on each side of the abdomen. The males are much smaller than the females in body length, although sometimes their legs are almost as long as those of the adult female. One more color variation involves the longitudinal stripe that runs up the middle of the top surface of the abdomen in immature black widows; sometimes it has a vivid red stripe within the confines of the white border. This coloration can cause anxiety for anyone who isn't familiar with widow immatures, because they might incorrectly identify it as the Australian redback widow spider, which has red markings on the top but otherwise is uniformly black rather than mottled as an adult. Redback widow spiders are not found in North America. Egg Sac The egg sac of the western black widow is yellowish and teardrop-shaped, tapered at the top and bulbous at the bottom. The margins of the sac are well defined (as opposed to some spider egg sacs, which look like fluffy cotton balls, making it difficult to determine exactly where the egg sac starts). The egg sac covering is very tough and difficult to rip apart. A female western black widow typically lays about 300 eggs per sac. Because females can store sperm from their only mating, they can produce more than 10 egg sacs without subsequent matings and without a decrease in the number of eggs or a reduction in the percentage of eggs that will successfully hatch into spiderlings. Habitat The western black widow is found in populated areas almost everywhere in California. Although they can be found in homes, black widows typically nest outside, around the home in holes and crevices, and within clutter. In garages, they usually make webs by doors, near vents, and in other places where insects may pass by. Because most people don't tolerate large numbers of insects in their living spaces, widow spiders usually won't find sufficient prey to survive inside homes. Black widows are shy spiders that seek retreats, such as holes between bricks or spaces around pipe penetrations in walls, where they can hide during the day and then come out at night. In natural settings, you can often find them in rodent burrows and crevices in rock faces. The spider makes a web of tangled silk extending from this retreat hole. The web doesn't have a very recognizable pattern, although it does have vertical support threads above and below the central areas where the spider sits while it waits for prey at night. The lower support threads also alert the widow to the presence of a prey item blundering into the web. In most cases, a widow spider will seek a retreat near the ground as the home base for her web, which connects to the retreat, allowing the spider to emerge to catch both flying and crawling prey at night, usually within three feet of the ground. However, some spiders will make a retreat well above ground level, such as in the eave of a house, and then drop down 10 or more feet before building their web. Widow spiders come out at dusk. After making improvements to their existing web, they take up a position in the middle, their underside facing upward, to wait for prey. Any large disturbance of the web that indicates something larger than a prey item causes the spider to quickly move toward the safety of its retreat. The silk of a mature black widow is very strong. If you run your finger through the web of a large spider, the result is an audible ripping sound. Black widow silk is so strong that during World War II, it was used to make crosshairs for gun sights. Medical Aspects Bites from black widow spiders are quite rare, even where these spiders are very common. In the unlikely event of an actual bite from a black widow, the bite itself is painless or may feel like a little pinprick. Almost all medically important black widow bites are from the adult female, which is much larger than the male. The female also has stronger biting muscles and a larger venom reserve. At the site of the bite, there may be a little red mark or red streaking away from the bite. Within an hour, other symptoms may start to appear. Bite victims might suffer from some but not all of the following symptoms: Rigid stomach muscles, which some medical professionals have misdiagnosed as appendicitis Sweating, sometimes of just the bitten body part, such as a bite to the hand that results in only the arm sweating profusely Pain that can be local, radiating, or regional Urine retention Numbness, agitation, fever, and patchy paralysis (less common)Another sign of envenomation is that bite victims will sometimes move or rock back and forth incessantly to try to lessen the pain from the venom injection process. Although these are the most severe manifestations of black widow bites, symptoms most often merely resemble those of the flu. Black widow bites don't cause conspicuous swelling, necrosis, or deterioration of tissue around the bite. As a neurotoxin, the venom of a black widow affects the nerve-muscle junction in the body. Normally, the body's neurons work like a light switch: they make the muscle turn on and then off again so that the muscle can relax and be ready to contract again if needed. The venom causes the muscle to repeatedly contract. It would be like flipping on a light switch and not being able to turn it off again. If bitten, seek medical attention immediately. You can place a cold pack on the bite to relieve the pain. An antivenom for black widow bites is available that works for all species that have been tested worldwide. Response is fast, and bite victims can go from intense pain back to normal in 30 minutes. The antivenom is based on horse serum, so physicians need to monitor for anaphylactic shock. American physicians are somewhat reluctant to use antivenom for this reason and might prefer to have the bite victim simply endure the symptoms, which can be similar to those of a bad flu episode and usually dissipate in a few days. BROWN WIDOW SPIDERSThe brown widow spider, Latrodectus geometricus, is found worldwide in subtropical habitats. It probably originated from Africa, or possibly from South America. In North America, the brown widow was found only in Florida for many decades, where it remains rather common. However, in the first decade of the 21st century, the spider began appearing elsewhere, from Texas throughout the Gulf Coast states and up the Atlantic coast into South Carolina. While they were expanding in the southeastern United States, brown widows started being discovered in great numbers in Southern California, where they have caused great concern within the general public. Initial news reports exaggerated the impact of the brown widow. However, unlike that of the black widow, the bite of this spider is not much more toxic to humans than that of other common spiders. Identification Mature female brown widows are smaller than mature female western black widows, being about 3/8"" in body length (10 mm). The normal brown widow spider coloration is a mottled collection of tan, brown, and gray. It has a lengthwise stripe halfway up the back side of the abdomen with two isolated dots in front of it and diagonal stripes on the side, somewhat similar to immature western black widow spiders (see Table 1 ). However, the usual background coloration of the brown widow is more of a tan, as compared to the western black widow, in which background coloration is more olive-gray. Male brown widows are much smaller [body length: 3/16 inch (4 to 5 mm)] than other widow spiders and therefore might be overlooked or misidentified. There is, however, great variation in brown widow coloration. Spiders can vary from almost white to almost black. When brown widows are very dark, though, this coloration is closer to a flat black than a shiny black like that of a mature black widow female. A mature brown widow female looks very similar to an immature western black widow, thus some skill is needed to identify the two accurately. However, the brown widow egg sac, as described in the next paragraph, is distinctive and a much surer way to confirm the species. Table 1. Features used to distinguish brown widows from immature western black widows. Feature Brown widow Black widow (immature)Black spots on lateral abdominal stripes large, squarish small, elliptical Hourglass bottom half larger top half largerrough margins crisp, straight margins White markings on front of abdomen not continuous continuous Egg Sac The egg sac of the brown widow spider has protuberances of silk all over its surface, resembling a very large pollen grain. The sac is so characteristic that it can be used to verify the presence of brown widows even if the spiders themselves are not seen. Brown widows produce about 130 eggs per egg sac and are able to make 20 or more egg sacs in a lifetime, sometimes multiple sacs within a short time period. Female brown widows can be collected with several simultaneously-developing egg sacs. Habitat The habitat of the brown widow is similar in many respects to that of the black widow. They generally reside in cluttered areas outside, such as woodpiles, but you will also find them in more exposed areas, such as on chain-link fences where black widows normally would not be found. They are also extremely common in the nooks and crannies on the undersides of inexpensive plastic patio furniture. Brown widow spiders make irregular webs of strong silk, similar to those of western black widows. Both black widows and brown widows are almost never found in homes. In garages, black widows are common but brown widows are not. Outside and around the home, both spiders are very common. The brown widow appears to be displacing the black widow in some of its habitats, especially in urban areas. Southern California residents frequently mention that they used to have a few black widows, but now only can find brown widows (and in greater numbers). In a study published in 2012, brown widows outnumbered black widows in urban areas; such as around homes, in parks (especially under playground equipment), in zoos, etc. The same study, however, reported that brown widows were not found in natural areas in southern California (such as in chaparral and coastal sage scrub habitat) and were rare around agricultural buildings. Brown widows were occasionally found in agricultural crops such as citrus, apple, and avocado trees as well as in corn stalks, bird-of-paradise leaves and other plants, but most of these finds were in vegetation associated with small home gardens rather than large commercial properties. As of 2016, brown widows were well established from Santa Barbara to the San Bernardino area and south to Mexico. Established populations have not yet been found north of the Los Angeles Basin, in the Central Valley, or in the desert areas (which may be inhospitable for them due to the arid climate). Although unsubstantiated reports of brown widows occurring north of the Los Angeles - Santa Barbara region (such as in the San Francisco Bay area) have been made for years, submitted spiders have been immature black widows, Steatoda (false black widow) spiders of several species, or orbweavers. However, it is possible that the brown widow is continuing to expand its range in California. Medical Aspects The bite of the brown widow is much milder than that of the western black widow. In a study in Africa, the most common symptoms in 15 verified bites were that the bite hurt when it happened and that there was burning pain at the bite site. None of these patients developed the typical dynamic symptoms of black widow envenomation. Despite these observations, there is one American record of a verified bite where the patient developed more severe symptoms and required hospitalization. Although its venom is at least as potent as black widow venom (drop for drop, as tested in mice), the brown widow is smaller and likely injects much less venom during a bite. In addition, bites to people are unlikely since brown widows, when disturbed, typically pull their legs close to the body, drop from their web, and play dead. The recent arrival of the brown widow in Southern California is not a cause for alarm. In fact, if the brown widow is indeed displacing the more toxic black widow, there actually might be a reduction in spider bite risk as compared to previous decades. OTHER RELATED SPIDERSFalse Black Widow The false black widow spider, Steatoda grossa, is not a true widow spider; however, it is in the same family, Theridiidae, as widow spiders and can easily be confused with them. It shares the same rounded-abdomen body form and web-making traits. It is slightly smaller than a mature western black widow spider [body length: 3/8 inch (10 mm)], chocolate brown in color, and never has red coloration on its belly. The false black widow is a European immigrant that has become extremely common in Pacific Coast homes from San Diego to British Columbia, with isolated finds in Alaska. Unlike black widows, false black widow spiders thrive indoors, especially in washrooms, inside cupboards and underneath appliances, furniture and cabinets. False black widows make an egg sac that looks like a cotton ball with indistinct margins. Unlike black widow spiders, false black widow spiderlings are dark like their mothers when they emerge. Because they are common in homes, false black widows are more frequently involved in bite incidents than black widow or brown widow spiders. They have mild venom, and bites may cause symptoms similar to those of yellowjacket wasp stings: initial burning pain followed by minor localized swelling around the envenomation site. When black widow antivenom mistakenly has been used on false black widow bites, it appeared to eliminate the venom's effects. Noble False Widow Spider In 2011, Steatoda nobilis was discovered in Southern California. Like the false black widow, this spider is a European native. Mature females can reach 5/8 inch (14 mm) in body length, which is significantly larger than the false black widow. Instead of being uniformly colored on the top surface of the abdomen as is the false black widow, Steatoda nobilis usually has a light tan pattern somewhat resembling a house with two windows and a domed roof. However, in some specimens, only the remnant tip of the ""roof"" is exhibited. There is also a broad, tan band on the front-facing surface of the abdomen. This spider was first found in Ventura County. It is now widespread in coastal San Diego County, Monterey, and the San Francisco Bay area. Isolated finds have occurred in Los Angeles and Santa Barbara. Bites from this species are not considered to be medically significant. There have been two recorded bites from the spider, with minor symptom development, but because of its large size, it has the potential to hurt merely from fang penetration. This spider will probably continue to spread throughout coastal California. MANAGEMENTMinimizing sites around the home where spiders may hide, such as clutter, woodpiles, and heavy ground cover, is essential for reducing widow spider populations. However, it is not practical to eliminate these spiders completely. Both widow species will continue to re-infest treated areas. Regularly vacuuming or sweeping windows, corners of rooms, storage areas, and other seldom-used areas helps remove spiders and their webs. Vacuuming spiders can be an effective control technique because their soft bodies usually don't survive this process. In the garage, keep items such as gardening clothes and gloves in bags closed with zipper-locks or twist ties. Store seasonal items such as sports gear, camping gear, winter clothes or holiday decorations in boxes that can be taped shut and placed off the floor away from walls in order to exclude spiders. When cleaning up clutter in garages and other storage areas, be sure to wear gloves to avoid accidental bites. Other areas to check carefully include children's toys or playhouses made of molded plastic that have open spaces facing downward where spiders can crawl in. Additional favored habitats of widow spiders include picnic tables, trash can grips, lawn chairs, plant pots with curled lips, and other outdoor objects with sheltered lips or crevices. Be careful that you do not carry spiders indoors on items such as plants, firewood, and boxes. Stack woodpiles away from your house, and never pick up pieces of wood unless you are wearing gloves. Eliminate places for spiders to hide and build their webs by keeping areas near building foundations free of trash, leaf litter, and accumulations of other materials. Outdoor lighting attracts insects, which in turn attract spiders. If possible, keep lighting fixtures pointed off structures and away from windows and doorways. Sweep, mop, hose, or vacuum webs and spiders off buildings regularly. Insecticides do not provide long-term control. Because widow spiders are nocturnal, a nonchemical method of eradication is to search for them at night with a flashlight and kill them with a shoe or rolled up newspaper. If you are concerned about wildlife and feel comfortable doing so, you can remove individual spiders from indoor areas by placing a jar over them and slipping a piece of paper underneath to seal off the opening when you lift the jar. Release the spider about 100 feet from your home into a natural area. Brown widows may not survive in natural areas but on the other hand, they are an invasive, non-native pest species and should not be there anyway. One aspect that makes controlling widow spiders difficult is that they, like many spiders, exhibit a behavior called ballooning. When the spiderlings are very small, on warm days when there is an updraft, they climb to the top of a fence post or piece of vegetation, raise their abdomens into the air, and release a small filament of silk. When the updraft currents overtake the forces of gravity, the spiderling is carried into the air to another location. This may only be a few feet away, or it could be miles. Ballooning spiderlings have been captured at 10,000 feet from the ground and 200 miles offshore. Because spiderlings will be dropping down on your property continually, eliminating them will be a task that needs to be done repeatedly throughout the year. Chemical Control Typically, control of spiders using pesticides is difficult. Various insecticides are registered for control of spiders; including pyrethrins, pyrethroids, and combinations of these products. Curiously, most of these registered pesticides are water-based while the silk of spider egg sacs repels water. In a 2016 study, water-based insecticides sprayed on brown widow egg sacs provided no significant effect on the egg contents. However, when petroleum-based products were used, the pesticide was readily carried past the silk outer layer and killed the egg sac contents. WARNING ON THE USE OF CHEMICALSREFERENCESClark, R. F., S. Wethern-Kestner, M. V. Vance, and R. Gerkin. 1992. Clinical presentation and treatment of black widow spider envenomation: a review of 163 cases. Annals Emergency Medicine. 21:782-787. Danielsen, D. W. R., D. E. Clarke, S. J. Valle, A. A. Ansalmo, L. S. Vincent, and R. S. Vetter. 2014. Natural egg sac clutch size of the brown widow spider, Latrodectus geometricus (Araneae: Theridiidae) in Southern California. Bulletin Southern California Academy Sciences. 113:100-102. Goddard, J., S. Upshaw, D. Held, and K. Johnnson. 2008. Severe reaction from envenomation by the brown widow spider, Latrodectus geometricus (Araneae: Theridiidae). Southern Medical Journal. 101:1269-1270. Kaston, B. J. 1970. Comparative biology of American black widow spiders. Transactions San Diego Society Natural History. 16:33-82. Mc Crone, J. D. 1964. Comparative lethality of several Latrodectus venoms. Toxicon. 69:201-203. Muller, G. J. 1993. Black and brown widow spider bites in South Africa: A series of 45 cases. South African Medical Journal. 83:399-405. Vetter, R. S. 2007. Pest Note: Spiders. Oakland: Univ. Calif. Agric. Nat. Res. Publ. 7442. Vetter, R. S. 2012. How to identify brown widow spiders. Vetter, R. S. and G. K. Isbister. 2008. Medical aspects of spider bites. Annual Review of Entomology. 53:409-429. Vetter, R. S. and M. K. Rust. 2012. A large European combfoot spider, Steatoda nobilis (Thorell, 1875) (Araneae: Theridiidae) newly established in Ventura County, California. Pan-Pacific Entomologist. 88:92-97. Vetter, R. S., R. J. Adams, J. E. Berrian, and L. S. Vincent. 2015. The European spider, Steatoda nobilis (Araneae: Theridiidae), becoming widespread in California. Pan- Pacific Entomologist. 91:98-100. Vetter, R. S., J. Tarango, K. A. Campbell, C. Tham, C. Y. Hayashi and, D.-H. Choe. 2016. Efficacy of several pesticide products on brown widow spider (Araneae: Theridiidae) egg sacs and their penetration of pesticides through the egg sac silk. Journal of Economic Entomology. 109:267-272. Vetter, R. S., L. S. Vincent, D. W. R. Danielsen, K. I. Reinker, D. E. Clarke, A. A. Itnyre, J. N. Kabashima, and M. K. Rust. 2012. The prevalence of brown widow and black widow spiders (Araneae: Theridiidae) in urban southern California. Journal of Medical Entomology. 49:947-951. Vincent, L. S., R. S. Vetter, W. R. Wrenn, J. K. Kempf, and J. E. Berrian. 2008. The brown widow spider, Latrodectus geometricus C. L. Koch, 1841, in Southern California. Pan-Pacific Entomologist. 84:344-349. PUBLICATION INFORMATIONPest Notes: Widow Spiders and Their Relatives UC ANR Publication 74149Author: R. S. Vetter, Entomology, UC Riverside (retired)Produced by University of California Statewide IPM Program PDF: To display a PDF document, you may need to use a PDF reader . Top of page "


the most beautiful music in the world

The Most Beautiful Music in the World On my first visit to The Love's house I suggested we play 'Favourite Hits' and while I played some junk by the Cure (I think it was If Only Tonight we could Sleep from Pornography) he played 'Fawn' by Tom Waits, the singular most beautiful thing I had ever heard.

The Most Beautiful Music in the World

A single scratchy violin squealing out such fragile pain I turned to The Love and thought I Love You. But I didn't say that until the next day, when I found out he liked the cryptic crossword, but that's another story. This man knew music. I was woozy. The Love was a musician and I when I returned to Paris a few days after Favourite Hits he wrote some songs for me, which he sent to me on a burnt cd entitled 'Songs for Rabbit.' There were three songs on it, which he had composed on the guitar and got his friends to play on and done some other tricky things on it, but not too much as to make it sound cheap, just lovely, subtle things to add to the story of the song. The songs were beautiful and I listened to them on the crowded metro. They made my heart race. When The Love moved to Paris with me he continued to make music in our studio and he would pull the big curtains shut and I would lie up in the bed on the mezzanine and listen and tell him where I thought the songs should go on the record and I would say the parts I liked and some parts I liked less but mostly I would lie there in the dark and be taken on rides from the wondrous imaginative planes he was creating, all the stories and the mad people and the cities and the streets and I would feel like when I was a kid and dad would put on Peter and the Wolf and my mind would go beserk. The music was pure and it came from such a well-mastered truthful place. It's so hard to keep that when you make things isn't it? To keep that little place pure. Anyway, he did it and then he and I wheeled his guitar and effects board and my keyboard on a little clunky trolley all the way down the Faubourg St Denis to the Studio Bleu where we would buy Tsingtoa longnecks from the chinese épicerie and rehearse with a group of people the lover had collected around Paris and the lover had to fire a few musicians for doing too much wiggly stuff with notes (in particular a lovely frenchman and a crazy italian who thought he was Carlos Santana) and we made a show and then played it around Paris to promote the album and it was stressful and terrifying and fun, but mostly the music was terrific. The album was called Here Their Dreams and an artist from Cornwall composed the most exquisite artworks for the cd panels of a man drowning playing piano and stacks of cats and a mysterious night château with a butcher holding an owl upside down. When we got married, we played 'Fawn' as our bridal waltz and I dipped so low in the climax that The Love nearly dropped me. But the music and the moment was so magical I would have been happy to fall on my head and die, so I just kept going. And then he created a new album and this time I played on the recording too and we recorded some of it in LA and some of it in Melbourne with a bunch of incredible musicians. It's called Motion Picture and it's being released today. You should definitely buy it, it's hard for me to advocate it, being part of it and being the lover of The Love who created it, but then again I'm a narcissist so why not. Love, TEBRPosted by The Existential Bunny Rabbit at Friday, September 03, 2010Email This Blog This! Share to Twitter Share to Facebook Share to Pinterest Labels: Beautiful music , Bombazine Black , The Cure , The Love , Tom Waits


population of paris texas

Population of Paris, TXLast official estimated population of Paris city ( Lamar County **, Texas state) was 24,895 (year 2014) [1]. This was 0.008% of total US population and 0.09% of total Texas state population. Area of Paris city is 38.3 mi² (=99.2 km²) [6], in this year population density was 649.66 p/mi².

Population of Paris, TX

If population growth rate would be same as in period 2010-2014 (-0.28%/yr), Paris city population in 2018 would be 24,622*. Historical population Historical population of Paris city for period 1880-2014:0 7,500 15,000 22,500 30,0002010 1990 1970 1950 1930 1910 1890 2014Population: 24,895Paris city on population map Estimated population for 2014 [1]. Click on flag to hide it. Population • Legends • Position Do you like population.us? Ads Annual growth rate [1880-1890] +7.57 %/yr [1890-1900] +1.26 %/yr [1900-1910] +1.88 %/yr [1910-1920] +2.93 %/yr [1920-1930] +0.4 %/yr [1930-1940] +1.79 %/yr [1940-1950] +1.48 %/yr [1950-1960] -0.31 %/yr [1960-1970] +1.12 %/yr [1970-1980] +0.84 %/yr [1980-1990] +0.03 %/yr [1990-2000] +0.1 %/yr [2000-2005] -0.2 %/yr [2005-2010] -0.32 %/yr [2010-2014] -0.28 %/yr Search State County Settlement Settlements near Paris city• Reno city population3.7 mi, 91° • Cooper city22.1 mi, 202° • Honey Grove city 21.7 mi, 255° • Blossom city 9.2 mi, 92° • Bogata city 23.4 mi, 125° • Detroit town 16 mi, 91° • Roxton city 13.4 mi, 230° • Deport city 16.2 mi, 126° • Toco city 6.1 mi, 260° • Sun Valley city 6.6 mi, 88°Sources, notices*Calculated by population.us from last known population growth rate, not official data. **Some cities are placed on more than one county. Only 1 county is shown. [1] Cities and Towns (Incorporated Places and Minor Civil Divisions), retrieved 02/23/2016 [2] City and Town Intercensal Estimates (2000-2010), retrieved 02/23/2016 [3] Places: 1990 and 1999 Populations, With Numeric and Percent Population Change, retrieved 02/23/2016 [4] Population of the 100 Largest Urban Places: 1980, [5] Population of the 100 Largest Urban Places in history, [6] Area, latitude longitude data, retrieved 02/23/2016 [7] Through the Decades, Overview 1790-2010, PDF, large files! >100 Mb Page generated in 0.012 seconds


population of georgetown co

Georgetown County where Georgetown resides is 1,035 square miles. The resident population of this county is 55,797 and has a population rank of 846 out of all the places in the United States. Georgetown has a total of 8,950 people and of those residents there are 4,031 males and 4,919 females. The median age of the male population is 31.8 and the female population is 37.5. There are approximately 770 births each year and around 532 deaths.

"Georgetown, SC City Data Georgetown, SC is a city with great restaurants, attractions, history and people. There are around 8,950 people who live in Georgetown and approximately 55,797 who live in Georgetown County. We want to help people moving to or living in Georgetown to understand the dynamics of the city, so we have put together information gathered from various creditable sources to give you a better understanding of Georgetown. We have included Georgetown housing information, demographics, social and education characteristics, and even economic information. General Georgetown Information

The race breakdown of the population in Georgetown varies per year, but currently 8,891 are one race and 59 are two or more races. Of the 8,950 people who live in Georgetown, there are 2,795 under 20 years old. The sex breakdown of the 20 years old and younger population in Georgetown is 1,398 male and 1,397 female. If you have children or you are under the age of 20, then you will be considered in that statistic. For those of you who are older, then you will be part of the population that is 18 years and older and totals 6,390. General Georgetown Information Total area in square miles - Georgetown County 1,035Water area in square miles - Georgetown County N/AResident population - Georgetown County 55,797Population rank - Georgetown County 846Total population 8,950Total population (male) 4,031Total population (female) 4,919Population median age (male) 31.8Population median age (female) 37.5Births - Georgetown County 770Deaths- Georgetown County 532Population of one race 8,891Population of two or more races 59Population under 20 years 2,795Population under 20 years (male) 1,398Population under 20 years (female) 1,397Total population 18 years and over 6,390Georgetown County Population Other Georgetown Cities Georgetown Population Georgetown Popluation & Gender Georgetown Population0 2000 4000 6000 8000 10000 Population Female Male Georgetown Social Characteristics There are 21,659 households in Georgetown. Families make up 15,881 of these households. The table below breaks down the Georgetown families into three different groups. Married-couple families (11,720), male householder with no wife present (739) and female householder with no husband present (3,222). The remainder of the Georgetown households are made up of nonfamily households, which total 5,815. Georgetown, SC moving companies help people in Georgetown move locally and all around the world. For years, the US has been building stats on the relationship of males and females 15 years and older in cities around the country including Georgetown. This information helps individuals analyze the area they are living in or moving to. For the county where Georgetown is based, there are 23,554 females 15 and over; of those females there are 5,332 never married, 12,386 now married, 772 separated, 2,991 widowed, and 2,073 divorced. As for the males, there are N/A males 15 and older: N/A never married, N/A now married, 590 separated, 688 widowed and 1,485 never married. There is a lot of great information below regarding Georgetown social characteristics. Be sure to review the tables for more information on Georgetown. If you are moving to or from Georgetown and need a place to store your things be sure to check out the Moving Ideas.org Georgetown, SC self storage quote page or storage guides. HOUSEHOLDS BY TYPE (Georgetown County)Total households 21,659Family households (families) 15,881With own children under 18 years 7,583Married-couple family 11,720With own children under 18 years 4,473Male householder, no wife present, family 739With own children under 18 years 399Female householder, no husband present, family 3,222With own children under 18 years 1,809Nonfamily households 5,815Householder living alone 5,05265 years and over 2,001House Holds By Type - Georgetown County Family Household Married Household Male Only Household Female Only Household0 2500 5000 7500 10000 12500 15000 17500 Households Total Households GENERAL HOUSEHOLDSHouseholds with one or more people under 18 years 1,326Households with one or more people 65 years and over 991Average household size 2.55Average family size 3.14RELATIONSHIP FAMILY HOUSEHOLDSPopulation in family households 7,432Householder 2,306Spouse 1,297Child 2,822Other relatives 176Nonrelatives 188Unmarried partner 87Roomer or boarder 21Housemate or roommate 31Unmarried partner 140Foster child 4Other 45Relationship Family Households Householder Spouse Child Other Relatives Nonrelatives 0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 Households Population in Households RELATIONSHIP NONFAMILY HOUSEHOLDSPopulation in nonfamily households 1,262Male householder 456Male householder living alone 384Male householder not living alone 72Female householder 649Female householder living alone 602Female householder not living alone 47Nonrelatives 157Unmarried partner 53Roomer or boarder 18Housemate or roommate 54Foster child 3Other 29RELATIONSHIP BY SEXFemales 15 years and over 23,554Never married 5,332Now married 12,386Separated 772Widowed 2,991Divorced 2,073Males 15 years and over N/ANever married N/ANow married N/ASeparated 590Widowed 688Divorced 1,485TOTAL POPULATION BY SEX AND AGETotal Population 8,950Male 4,031Under 5 years 3625 to 9 years 36310 to 14 years 34615 to 17 years 22018 and 19 years 10720 years 4921 years 4322 to 24 years 15225 to 29 years 27730 to 34 years 24635 to 39 years 26440 to 44 years 25345 to 49 years 30250 to 54 years 22655 to 59 years 17560 and 61 years 5662 to 64 years 9465 and 66 years 5467 to 69 years 6770 to 74 years 12775 to 79 years 11280 to 84 years 7885 years and over 58Female 4,919Under 5 years 3365 to 9 years 34410 to 14 years 38315 to 17 years 20618 and 19 years 12820 years 5221 years 6322 to 24 years 19525 to 29 years 30630 to 34 years 30535 to 39 years 28740 to 44 years 31745 to 49 years 33450 to 54 years 28055 to 59 years 22360 and 61 years 8462 to 64 years 10465 and 66 years 8067 to 69 years 11170 to 74 years 21275 to 79 years 21680 to 84 years 17285 years and over 181TOTAL POPULATION BY RACETotal population 8,950One race 8,891White 3,669Black or African American 5,104American Indian and Alaska Native 11Asian 28Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander 4Some other race 7Two or more races 59RACE POPULATION IN HOUSEHOLDSTotal population in households 8,694People who are White alone 3,527People who are Black or African American alone 4,991People who are American Indian and Alaska Native alone 11People who are Asian alone 28People who are Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander alone 4People who are Hispanic or Latino 167People who are Some other race alone 75Georgetown County Population White Black or African American Asian Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander American Indian and Alaskan Hispanic or Latino Other RESIDENCE IN 1995Population 5 years and over 52,353Same house 32,459Different house - same county N/ADifferent county - same state 4,032Different state or abroad 6,760Different state 6,365Abroad 395PLACE OF BIRTH (Georgetown County)Total resident population 55,797Born in United States 34,710State of residence 38,210Different state 16,082Born in Puerto Rico, U. S. Island areas 294Foreign born 1,211Georgetown Education and School Enrollment School enrollment refers to students currently attending school, both private and public. By understanding the school enrollment in an area, you can make decisions concerning your kids' environments and even job markets. In a table below, we provide you with the total school enrollment for children 3 years and older in the county surrounding Georgetown. That total enrollment is 13,450 for the population of the country, which includes Georgetown. Nursery school and kindergarten enrollment was 3,202 and elementary or high school enrollment was 20,443 children. College or graduate school enrollment was 1,499. Education attainment is defined as ""the highest level of education completed in terms of highest degree or the highest level or schooling completed."" The table below shows the Georgetown population over 25 years old and their level of education achievement. SCHOOL ENROLLMENTPopulation 3 years and over enrolled in school 13,450Pre-kindergarten 1,038Public 743Private 295Kindergarten 690Public 596Private N/AElementary school grades 1 to 8 6,958Public 6,634Private 324Elementary and high school 10,222Public 9,848Private 374High school grades 9 to 12 3,264Public 3,214Private 50College, undergraduate years 1,184Public 1,006Private 178Graduate or professional school 316Public 242Private 74Not enrolled in school 40,393School Enrollment - Georgetown County Before Kindergarten Kindergarten Grades1 to 8Grades9 to 12College Graduate School0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000 8000 School Enrollment Population Enrolled Public vs. Private School Enrollment - Georgetown County Public School Private School EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENTPopulation 25 years and over 37,340Less than 9th grade 3,4079th to 12th grade, no diploma 5,837High school graduate 11,293Some college, no degree 7,169Associate's degree 2,155Bachelor's degree 7,479Graduate or professional degree 20Percent high school graduate or higher 75.2Percent bachelor's degree or higher 4,967Georgetown Employment and Labor Characteristics There are 43,417 people that are employed over the age of 16 in Georgetown. The Georgetown occupations categories include management, professional and related occupations (6,003), service occupations (4,402), sales and office occupations (5,483), farming, fishing and forestry occupations (426), constructions, extraction, maintenance and repair occupations (3,055) and production, transportation and material moving occupations (4,261). The 43,417 employed over the age of 16 are broken down into the class of worker. There are 18,421 private wage and salary workers, 3,505 government workers, 1,609 self-employed workers and approximately N/A unpaid family workers. EMPLOYMENT STATUS (Georgetown County)Population 16 years and over 43,417In labor force 25,251Civilian labor force 25,199Employed 23,630Unemployed 1,569Percent Unemployed 6.2Armed Forces 52Females 16 years and over 23,148In labor force 12,232Civilian labor force 12,225Unemployed Civilian labor force 758Armed forces 7Males 16 years and over 20,269In labor force 13,019Civilian labor force N/AUnemployed Civilian labor force 811Armed forces 45COMMUTING TO WORK (Georgetown County)Workers 16 years and over 23,162Car, truck, or van -- drove alone 17,678Car, truck, or van -- carpooled 3,907Public transportation (excluding taxicab) N/AWalked 449Other means 248Worked at home 478Mean travel time to work (minutes) 590,005OCCUPATION (Georgetown County)Civilian employed population 16 years and over 6,003Management, professional, and related occupations 6,003Service occupations 4,402Sales and office occupations 5,483Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations 426Construction, extraction, maintenance and repair occupations 3,055Production, transportation, and material moving occupations 4,261INDUSTRY (Georgetown County)Civilian employed population 16 years and over 6,003Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting, and mining 648Construction N/AManufacturing 4,187Wholesale trade 650Retail trade 2,912Transportation and warehousing, and utilities 921Information 247Finance and insurance, and real estate and rental and leasing 1,441Professional, scientific, and management, and administrative 1,540Educational services, and health care and social assistance 3,915Arts, entertainment, and recreation, and accommodation, and food services 3,206Other services, except public administration N/APublic administration 836CLASS OF WORKER (Georgetown County)Civilian employed population 16 years and over 6,003Private wage and salary workers 18,421Government workers 3,505Self-employed workers in own not incorporated business 1,609Unpaid family workers N/AClass Of Worker - Georgetown County Private Wage& Salary Government Self Employed Unpaid Family0 2500 5000 7500 10000 12500 15000 17500 20000 Class of Worker Number of Workers Georgetown Housing Characteristics In Georgetown, SC there are 28,282 housing units; of those housing units, there are approximately 21,659 occupied and 6,623 vacant. Types of homes change over the years, but single family homes detached have remained fairly consistent. In Georgetown, there are 16,677 1-unit detached housing units. Single-family attached homes, 1-unit attached, which are also known as row houses or town homes, total 1,102 units in Georgetown. Apartment housing and apartment buildings are from 2-50 units and the statistics are below. With so many housing units people are always in need of Georgetown, SC local movers to help them move from one place to another so be sure to check out Moving Ideas.org for moving guides, Georgetown, SC truck rentals options, quotes and additional information. There are several different ranges if you are looking to rent or are a renter in Georgetown. There are 303 housing units with rent less than $200, 418 with rent between $200-299, 1,018 with rent between $300-499 and 1,579 with rent for $500 and above. Full Georgetown gross rent statistics are shown in the table below. Regardless of the housing unit value, it is always suggested by Moving Ideas.org to have Georgetown, SC home security systems installed to keep you and your family safe. HOUSING OCCUPANCY (Georgetown County)Total housing units 28,282Occupied housing units 21,659Vacant housing units 6,623UNITS IN STRUCTURE (Georgetown County)Total housing units 28,2821-unit, detached 16,6771-unit, attached 1,1022 units 4923 or 4 units 8625 to 9 units 81910 to 19 units 42420 to 49 units 43250 or more units 583Mobile home 6,878HOUSING TENURE (Georgetown County)Occupied housing units 21,659Owner-occupied 17,620Renter-occupied 4,039VEHICLES AVAILABLE (Georgetown County)Occupied housing units 21,659No vehicles available 2,1702 vehicle available 12,1433 vehicles available 2,6324 vehicles available 6025 or more vehicles available 227HOUSE HEATING FUEL (Georgetown County)Occupied housing units 21,659Utility gas 1,923Bottled, tank, or LP gas N/AElectricity 17,145Fuel oil, kerosene, etc. 936Coal or coke Wood 266Solar energy 23Other fuel 48No fuel used 31HOUSING UNIT VALUE (Georgetown County)Occupied housing units 21,659Less Than $50,000 17,620$50,000 to $99,999 3,683$100,000 to $149,999 1,957$150,000 to $199,999 1,535$200,000 to $299,999 1,388$300,000 to $499,999 634$1,000,000 or more 112Median (dollars) 114,700Housing Unit Value - Georgetown County Less Than$50k$50k-$99k $100k-$149k $150k-$199k $200k-$299k $300k-$499k $1M+ 0 2500 5000 7500 10000 12500 15000 17500 20000 Housing Units Housing Units GROSS RENT (Georgetown County)Occupied units paying rent 4,039Less than $200 303$200 to $299 418$300 to $499 1,018$500 to $699 823$700 to $999 543$1,000 to $1,499 148$1,500 or more 64Gross Rent - Georgetown County Less Than $499/month in Rent More Than $500/month in Rent "


calories in homemade apple butter

nt Here are the foods from our food nutrition database that were used for the nutrition calculations of this recipe. Calories per serving of Homemade Apple Butter 76 calories of Apples, fresh with skin, (0.69 large (3-1/4"" dia) (approx 2 per lb)) 46 calories of Granulated Sugar, (0.06 cup) 1 calories of Cinnamon, ground, (0.06 tbsp) 0 calories of Cloves, ground, (0.03 tsp) 0 calories of Salt, (0.02 tsp) 0 calories of Splenda No Calorie Sweetener, (4.50 tsp)

Calories in Homemade Apple Butter

"Nutrition Facts Servings Per Recipe: 16Serving Size: 1 serving Amount Per Serving Calories 135.7Total Fat 0.6 g Saturated Fat 0.1 g Polyunsaturated Fat 0.2 g Monounsaturated Fat 0.0 g Cholesterol 0.0 mg Sodium 36.6 mg Potassium 170.7 mg Total Carbohydrate 39.6 g Dietary Fiber 4.2 g Sugars 17.0 g Protein 0.3 g Vitamin A 1.6 %Vitamin B-12 0.0 %Vitamin B-6 3.6 %Vitamin C 14.1 %Vitamin D 0.0 %Vitamin E 2.3 %Calcium 1.6 %Copper 3.2 %Folate 1.1 %Iron 2.4 %Magnesium 1.9 %Manganese 7.9 %Niacin 0.6 %Pantothenic Acid 0.9 %Phosphorus 1.1 %Riboflavin 1.3 %Selenium 0.7 %Thiamin 1.8 %Zinc 0.5 %*Percent Daily Values are based on a 2,000 calorie diet. Your daily values may be higher or lower depending on your calorie needs. Calories in Homemade Apple Butter View the full Homemade Apple Butter Recipe & Instructions Submitted by: TETHIANTAGS: Desserts | Dessert | Desserts Dessert |Calories per Ingredie

No nutrition or calorie comments found. "


implantation bleeding how far along

Implantation of the blastocyst usually happens between 7 and 10 days after ovulation, or 21 to 25 days after the first day of your *last menstrual cycle* (LMP). The blastocyst cells continue to divide, and start to separate into two groups: one to form the baby and one to form the placenta to nourish the baby.

How Far Along Am I In My Pregnancy Based On Due Date (Pregnancy Calculator)How Far Along Am I? – A common question, all mommies may be asking. Well, first of all, Congratulations… because you asking this means you ARE pregnant!So, now what? If you’re anything like me, you’re starting to read everything that’s ever been written about pregnancy and probably have a ton of questions. Like…How do I know if I’m pregnant? Well, you either did a pregnancy test, you have morning sickness or you OB told you!So with that…Check out my Pregnancy Due Date Calculator Table Of Contents [ hide]1 How Many Weeks Am I?2 Pregnancy Terms3 EDD (Estimated Date of Delivery)4 Naegele’s rule.5 Mittendorf Williams Rule.6 Pregnancy Trimesters7 How Far Along Am I / Fertilization / Implantation8 Pregnancy Week By Week9 # Weeks 1 & 210 #Week 311 Fertilization12 Successful Implantation – What is implantation bleeding?13 # 4 Weeks Pregnant14 Early Pregnancy Symptoms – early signs of pregnancy before missed period15 # 5 Weeks Pregnant16 # 6 Weeks Pregnant17 # 7 Weeks Pregnant18 # 8 Weeks Pregnant19 # 9 Weeks Pregnant20 # 10 Weeks Pregnant21 # First OB / Midwife visit – How soon after I find out I’m pregnant should I see the OB?22 # 11 Weeks Pregnant23 # 12 Weeks Pregnant24 Second Trimester25 # 13 Weeks Pregnant26 Hyperemesis Gravidarum27 Miscarriage28 # 14 Weeks Pregnant29 # 15 Weeks Pregnant30 Development Scan / Gender Scan31 # 16 Weeks Pregnant32 # 17 Weeks Pregnant33 # 18 Weeks Pregnant34 # 19 Weeks Pregnant35 # 20 Weeks Pregnant36 # 21 Weeks Pregnant37 Whats Happening To Your Immune System38 # 22 And 23 Weeks Pregnant39 # 24 and 25 Weeks Pregnant40 # 26 Weeks Pregnant41 Third Trimester42 # 27 Weeks Pregnant43 # 28 and 29 Weeks Pregnant44 # 30 Weeks Pregnant45 # 31 Weeks Pregnant46 # 32 and 33 Weeks Pregnant47 # 34 Weeks Pregnant48 # 35 Weeks Pregnant49 # 36 Weeks Pregnant50 # 37 Weeks Pregnant51 # 38 Weeks Pregnant – The Week I Gave Birth52 #39 Weeks Pregnant53 # 40 Weeks Pregnant54 Labor55 Prenatal Testing56 # NT Test57 # CVS – Prenatal Test58 # Amniocentesis59 Questions And Answers:60 Resources: How Many Weeks Am I? We will get the answer a bit later…Getting back to the “now that I know I’m pregnant” thought……you want to learn as much as you can about the changes you (and your little one) will be going through. Most (human) pregnancies average 40 weeks or 280 days. Every day of that pregnancy your baby, and your body is growing and changing. We’ll cover those changes in the week by week detail below. But let’s first talk about some of the terminologies your doctors, nurses, and technicians are going to throw around. Pregnancy Terms EDD (Estimated Date of Delivery)The date you are expected to deliver your baby is called your Estimated Date of Delivery (EDD). This date can also be called the Estimated Date of Confinement (EDC). To determine your EDD, your doctor will probably start counting forward 280 days from the first day of your last period, according to Naegele’s Rule. Naegele’s rule. This method was developed in the 1830’s and is still used today by most Obstetricians. Naegele’s method works well if you have regular, 28-day cycles. (My pregnancy calculator is below. )Mittendorf Williams Rule. If you have irregular cycles, a newer formula, named the Mittendorf Williams Rule (1990s), will probably be more accurate in calculating your EDD. You will want to take the first day of your last period and add nine months (or 273 days). Then you add fifteen days if this is your first baby and you are Caucasian. Add 10 days if you are not Caucasian, or this is not your first baby. Due date calculators that use the Mittendorf-Williams rule will take into account other considerations, such as how much caffeine you consume and whether you graduated college. When calculated with the formula, some studies have found this method to be twice as accurate as Naegele’s Rule in calculating EDD. Note: Very few women deliver on their EDDs – less than 5%. That means 95% of women deliver on a date different than their EDD/EDC. Most obstetricians give a 2-week window around the EDD (+/- 1 week on either side of the date), to better capture the dates moms give birth. So don’t be surprised if your baby is born before, or after, your EDD. Remember, its just a range and it does not mean there is a problem if you haven’t delivered by your EDD. While there might not be a problem with the baby, anyone who has gone two weeks past their due date will tell you – by that time you just want the baby O. U. T!Pregnancy Trimesters Pregnancies are split up into weeks, months and trimesters. Weeks and months are self-explanatory, right? So let’s talk trimesters. What is a trimester? A trimester is a third of a typical pregnancy. So if a pregnancy is 9 months, a trimester is 3 months long. The first and second trimester each have 13 weeks, while the third trimester has 14 weeks. How Far Along Am I / Fertilization / Implantation Determining how far along you are in a pregnancy can get confusing. By the earliest time you could pee on that stick and get your positive, your baby (or babies!) is already at least three weeks old. Confused? Let me explain, using science. (Wait, don’t fall asleep yet – I promise this is helpful – and short! )Pregnancy Week By Week Below I will give you a simple description of baby development week by week. How many weeks is a pregnancy? 40 weeks: This is how the process of conception is laid out.# Weeks 1 & 2When do pregnancy symptoms start? On the first day of your *last menstrual cycle* (LMP), your body cleaned out the blood it stored to feed and nourish a baby – this is your period. Once you stop bleeding, your body starts the cycle again. The first two weeks of pregnancy are spent gearing up to ovulate. So technically you kind of do have a period while pregnant.#Week 33 weeks pregnant or about fourteen days into your cycle, (although this date varies in each woman), you ovulate and an egg is released from your follicle. After releasing an egg, your follicle develops into the corpus luteum. It then releases a hormone which thickens the lining of your uterus, preparing it for a fertilized egg. Fertilization Your egg travels down your fallopian tube (for about 24 hours), waiting for a single sperm to fertilize it. The lucky sperm makes its way into the fallopian tube and burrows into the egg, fertilizing it. Once fertilized, the egg changes its lining to prevent other sperm from entering the egg. Instantly upon fertilization, your baby’s sex and genes are determined. The sperm decides whether the baby will be a boy or a girl: if the sperm has a Y chromosome, your baby will be a boy – while if it carries an X chromosome, your baby will be a girl. So, if you were hoping for a different sex, talk to the father!Once fertilized, the egg starts to divide from one cell to many cells. It continues to divide as it moves slowly from the fallopian tube into the uterus, where it is looking for a home. Below is a microscopic image of the egg roughly 24 hours after fertilization. Successful Implantation – What is implantation bleeding? Once it finds a nice and cushy spot, it burrows into the lining of the uterus, hopefully for the next 9 months!This is called implantation. Signs Of Implantation: Some women experience light spotting at the time of implantation, but most women do not know when a blastocyst has implanted.

# 4 Weeks Pregnant In the last week of that first month, your uterine lining gets thicker and thicker, and your cervix starts to seal with a plug of mucus. (Sounds lovely, doesn’t it? Better get used to it… parenthood can be gross at times! But it’s still the best thing ev-aaah! )So now you’re one month pregnant, and you probably don’t even know it. You might feel a few early pregnancy signs, but they mimic period symptoms, so its very difficult to tell you’re pregnant based solely on early pregnancy signs. Most pregnancy tests will not detect pregnancy hormone until a few days *after* you would have started your next cycle (or a few days into week 5). Early Pregnancy Symptoms – early signs of pregnancy before missed period Your body is undergoing major hormonal changes while your baby is growing. Everyone’s heard about pregnancy mood swings, right? Don’t blame us – its the ever-changing level of pregnancy hormones that drive us from laughing to crying in two-seconds flat. Its not a myth, its science. So if your significant other is looking at you like you’re crazy, just smile and remind them you’re pregnant for the next 9 months… Then cackle evilly and go take a bath or a nap. Chances are you’re extremely tired and fatigued all.the.time right now. You are growing a baby after all!Wait, there’s more though. Your breasts may continue to be tender and swollen as milk glands increase. You may feel hungry and want to eat more than usual, or have a craving for a specific food. (it was about that pickle juice! )You might feel nauseous, or have food aversions, if morning sickness has set in. You might feel uncomfortable because as the blood flow increases to the kidneys, they produce more urine. Which means more trips to the bathroom – already. (Better get used to it honey!) Do not cut back on fluid intake though – your baby needs the extra fluids to grow. Some women experience more headaches in early pregnancy. Again, blame those darn pregnancy hormones. If you suffer from migraines, there is one piece of good news: most women experience reduced migraines as their pregnancy continues!# 5 Weeks Pregnant Month two begins with your baby’s neural tube forming. The neural tube later develops into the nervous system, including the brain, spinal cord, skin and hair. Their circulatory system is beginning to rapidly form, but the heart probably isn’t beating yet. And you can finally (probably) get a positive on a pregnancy test!# 6 Weeks Pregnant Ladies and gentlemen – your baby has a heart beat! Growth is very rapid this week as blood begins to pump through the basic circulatory system and your baby is protected by amniotic fluid. The umbilical cord develops, and eyes, ears, and mouth opening begin to form. On the sides, buds form that will later become arms and legs. Your baby is now an embryo and is about 0.06 inches (1.5 mm) long, and has already tripled in size. Incredible, isn’t it?# 7 Weeks Pregnant In week 7, your baby’s features grow more distinct. His (or her), mouth, nostrils, ears and eyes become more defined this week. Remember that arm bud that formed last week? It now has a hand at the end of it, and looks kinda like a tiny paddle. Arm and leg buds have distinct, slightly webbed fingers and toes at the ends. His skin is paper thin, and his veins are clearly visible. Your baby moves around like a little jumping bean, and his liver is pumping out red blood cells until the bone marrow forms.# 8 Weeks Pregnant Week eight is the end of your second month, and starts a period of rapid growth and development that will last until week 20. During this time all the body parts that have developed, will continue to grow and become more specialized to do their jobs. This week, your baby’s organs, muscles and nerves are beginning to function. Taste buds are beginning to form on the tongue. Eyelids cover more of the eye, where pigment (color) is forming in the iris. Your baby’s hands and feet can bend, and are starting to lose their webbed appearance. Buds that will grow into your baby’s genitals have formed, although they’re not developed enough to tell whether your baby is a boy or girl. Your baby is a tiny bit over 1/2 inch long about now. As your first trimester progresses, your body continues to change, and by now you might need a bigger bra or bigger clothes. Your breasts will continue to grow throughout pregnancy, so purchase bras with good support. When Will My Belly Begin To Show? You might even begin to see the Linea Nigra or called the “pregnancy line”. This showed up for me in month 2. Your tummy is expanding, and you might feel more comfortable in clothes with elastic waists, or maternity clothing. Since we’re talking about bigger boobs, let’s talk sex for just a minute. It’s safe, and perfectly acceptable to want (or not want) sex right now. Having sex will not harm the baby, and will not cause a miscarriage. If you’re just not feeling it right now – don’t worry. Many women start to feel sexy (again) once the first trimester is over.# 9 Weeks Pregnant Your baby is now almost an inch long, and weighs approximately 0.07 ounce. Reproductive organs have formed, but no one (not even that magical tech) can determine sex at this time – its just too early. Your baby’s digestive system has formed, and all her other organs are present, but developing. Your baby’s placenta is nourishing her, and getting rid of waste. Your baby’s sex organs are beginning to show, and you might be able to tell if you’re having a girl or boy at your dating scan soon.# 10 Weeks Pregnant Your baby is growing like a weed. No, not literally. She’s about 1.2 inches right now, and is just growing super fast – she will double in size over the next three weeks. Your baby can swallow, her fingernails are developed, and she might have a little fuzz on her head. She’s also into kickboxing and can kick the kidneys right out of you. You might not feel her yet, but you will soon!Chances are high you’re seeing your OB or midwife for your first visit this week. Be prepared, take notes, and ask questions.# First OB / Midwife visit – How soon after I find out I’m pregnant should I see the OB? Remember to take care of yourself during your pregnancy. Take your vitamins, eat well and drink a lot of fluid. And get ready to schedule your OB appointment. Most women, if having a typical pregnancy, won’t see their OB until their 9th or 10th week. Great overview for prenatal tests here. Some women may need to be seen earlier by their doctor if they have a positive pregnancy test and a recent loss, or if they need blood thinning medication or progesterone support. If you haven’t already, start searching for an OB or midwife, and ask them when they want you to schedule. What To Ask My OB At My First Appointment? Below is an image from whattoexpect.com that reveals a list of questions for you to take to your OB.# 11 Weeks Pregnant At 11 weeks, your baby is about 1.6 inches long, and weighs approximately 1/4 ounce. Your baby is fully formed (although way too tiny), and will continue to grow and get larger over the next 29 weeks. Her (or his) toenails, fingernails and tooth buds are are ready to go, and some of the baby’s bones are starting to harden.# 12 Weeks Pregnant In just the past week your baby has almost doubled in size again! He (or she) is almost three inches long now. A fine layer of fuzzy hair, called lanugo, covers most of the baby’s body at this time. Your baby’s kidneys are now producing and excreting urine. yummy!Second Trimester# 13 Weeks Pregnant Its the end of your third month, and the end of the first trimester. Your baby’s vocal cords start to develop. His (or her) eyes are moving closer together, and the ears are moving to their final location on the side of the head. Your baby is now producing bile in its liver, and insulin in the pancreas. When and how can I find out what gender I’m having? In theory, you would be able to determine the gender of your baby, if you could get close enough because the sex organs are fully formed. In practice, you’ll need to wait a few more weeks until a good ultrasound tech can “see” the baby’s gender. Around this time, your uterus will move upward and forward – which means less pressure on your bladder. YAY!Maybe you’ll only have to run to the bathroom twenty times today instead of thirty. Isn’t life grand? Common question – I heard the uterus grows a lot during pregnancy? How much exactly? Did I mention that you should enjoy it while you can, because as your pregnancy continues your uterus will grow even more, and push on your bladder once again. (Sorry! )One piece of good news for *some* women: nausea and morning sickness often lessens at this time. Note I said for *most* women, so if you’re still dealing with food aversions or morning (or evening) puking, don’t despair. It gets better. Try keeping something small in your stomach all the time. Here are some home remedies for nausea. Hyperemesis Gravidarum Note, some women have more than normal morning sickness, and are diagnosed with Hyperemesis Gravidarum. I was one of the lucky ones who puked every.single.day of the 40 weeks – and for a few days after delivery. For women with this serious condition, keeping down fluids can be difficult – if not impossible. If you’re in this situation, try finding drinks you can sip continuously throughout the day. I used watered down juice and chicken broth, but some women use sports drinks. Drink something with flavoring instead of plain water, as your body is losing nutrients and electrolytes that need to be replaced. Keep in contact with your doctor or midwife, and if needed report for rehydration therapy to ensure you (and your little one) are getting the fluids and nutrition they need. Miscarriage Every mom-to-be fears miscarriage. The reality is that chances are high your pregnancy will result in a health little baby being born. But there is a risk of an early miscarriage. For young women (under the age of 35), the risk is between 10% – 12%. When you’re over the age of 35 (like Moi), your risk is 18%; and if you’re over 40, the risk rises to 34%. If you have experienced one miscarriage, your risk of having another does *not* increase. But if, like me, you’ve experienced two or more miscarriages, your risk of another first-trimester miscarriage increases. You should speak with your doctor or midwife about testing for underlying causes. Some clotting disorders, thyroid disease, diabetes, and lupus can affect your risk of miscarriage. If you have physical malformations in your uterus, this can increase your risk of miscarriage after the first miscarriage. Good news alert: By the time you see a heartbeat (after week 7), the risk of miscarriage drops to less than 3%. That means 97% of women who hear their baby’s heartbeat at the ultrasound will give birth to a baby. After 18 weeks, the risk of miscarriage drops even further to about 1%. There isn’t anything you can do to prevent a miscarriage. Exercise, sex, and heavy lifting do *not* cause miscarriage. Often, genetic abnormalities prevent the pregnancy from continuing. There are some lifestyle changes you can make to help increase your odds of a health pregnancy. They include limiting caffeine, avoiding heavy medication, avoiding infections, and taking care of your body (and by extension, your little one). Remember, once you see the heartbeat (after week 7), you have greater than 97% chance of delivering a live baby! Those are great odds. Now relax, and go take that bath you wanted. # 14 Weeks Pregnant At the beginning of your fourth month, your baby is over 3 inches long now, and weighs about 1 1/2 ounces. He or she is also practicing breathing movements to get ready for breathing on his/her own. Your baby’s hands are starting to be functional, and can be moved (although its probably reflex at this time). All of the nourishment your little one receives is coming from the placenta now. Starting the second trimester, you should be able to hear the baby’s heartbeat with a doppler. But don’t worry if you have trouble locating the heartbeat – take your doppler with you to your next appointment and ask for help in locating it. After my midwife showed him how to check it, my hubs was able to find the wishy-washy sound every single time, thankfully!# 15 Weeks Pregnant On ultrasound, your baby might be sucking his or her thumb. Her (or his) skin is still transparent, and you can still see the veins through their skin. Lanugo still covers their entire body, and will continue to grow until about your 26th week. Your baby’s bones are getting harder each week. Your baby measures almost four inches, and weighs approximately 2 1/2 ounces. Development Scan / Gender Scan The second ultrasound is usually between 18 to 20 weeks and helps your doctor determine if your baby is developing typically. This ultrasound will probably be your most thorough checkup. Your doctor or midwife will check your baby’s organs such as the heart, brain, spine, abdomen, kidneys and liver. They will also check your baby’s head, face, limbs and count your baby’s toes and fingers. Using the ultrasound, your doctor or midwife can measure the amniotic fluid and check the placenta. Fundal Height During your appointment, your doctor or midwife may measure the *fundal height*. This is the distance from the top of the uterus to the pubic bone. This measurement helps your practitioner ensure your baby is growing consistently and appropriately. Amniotic Fluid Amniotic fluid is the fluid that surrounds your baby within the amnion (amniotic sac). This colorless fluid surrounds the baby as a cushion, and protects your baby against infection. Amniotic fluid also plays an important role in the development of organs such as the lungs and kidneys. It also protects the umbilical cord from being crushed, and cutting off the flow of oxygen to your baby. Amniotic fluid helps maintain a constant temperature in the womb, and allows your baby to move freely so her bones and muscles develop. Normally, your amount of amniotic fluid should increase until around your 34th to 36th week of pregnancy. By this time you should be carrying around 800 m L amniotic fluid. After this, it generally decreases until the baby is born. Having too much fluid (hydramnios or polyhydramnios) is very rare (less than 1% of pregnancies), but can cause complications such as preterm labor, or a baby to be born stillborn. If you have polyhydramnios, talk to your doctor or midwife about their concerns and your treatment plan. Having too little fluid ( oligohydramnios) affects about 4%of women during their pregnancies, usually in the third trimester. What Is A Ultrasound Scan – why is it used and not used? An ultrasound exam uses high-frequency sound waves to create a picture (called a sonogram) of the baby and the placenta. While the sonogram refers to the picture and ultrasound refers to the exam, most people use the terms interchangeably. In the United States, most pregnant women are offered their first ultrasound scan by their doctor or midwife between 9 and 14 weeks of pregnancy. The first scan is used to determine how far along you are – and how many babies you’re carrying!First trimester ultrasounds help identify the baby’s heart rate, umbilical cord, the placement and size of the placenta, and confirms how far along your little one is. The longer you wait for your gender scan, the better chance the technician has of being able to visually determine the baby’s gender – provided your little bean cooperates. Good ultrasound technicians claim upwards of 95% success rate. The technician is looking for physical markers that might indicate an abnormality, versus typical development. Ultrasounds will not detect every birth defect, and a typical ultrasound doesn’t guarantee a healthy baby. (Nothing does, unfortunately. )The diagnostic benefits of ultrasounds, and the visual image parents can see, make ultrasound a valuable pregnancy tool. If, according to these ultrasounds, your baby appears to be developing typically, you will probably not need additional ultrasounds during your pregnancy. Some women might have a third trimester ultrasound if they are advanced maternal age (over the age of 35 – ridiculous I know! ), or if they have low amniotic fluid. Bleeding and pre-term contractions might be other reasons for a doctor to order a third trimester ultrasound.# 16 Weeks Pregnant Your baby can make a fist now, and has complete control of her (or his) hands. She weighs about 3 1/2 ounces now, and is about 4 1/2 inches long. Your baby may move, and you might be able to feel it by this time. Don’t worry if you don’t feel him/her yet… pretty soon you’ll be begging them to stop punching your kidneys. By now, your blood volume has increased almost 50 {a089fbfa83b048d9657a871da2faefc503232aa780b3ee7c5b75ba30b9fb61fe}. That means your heart is working harder to pump blood through your (and the baby’s) body.# 17 Weeks Pregnant Your fourth month is just ending. Your baby is now concentrating on growing a layer of fat under their skin. His or her tiny heart is pumping blood – as much as 25 quarts a day!Your baby can blink, swallow and suck his/her thumb. Their fingernails and toenails are growing well. Your baby is over 5 inches long now, and weighs almost 5 ounces!# 18 Weeks Pregnant Do yo hear what I hear? At the beginning of your fifth month, your baby has unique fingerprints! She’s about the size of a sweet-potato (5.5 inches and 6.7 ounces). The baby’s first bowel movement (aka meconium), is forming within their bowels at this time. You might be feeling dizzy, lightheaded or faint. Low blood pressure due to a change in position (postural hypotension), happens frequently because your cardiovascular system can’t react as fast to quick changes in position. Take it easy, woman!# 19 Weeks Pregnant A white creamy substance forms on the skin of your baby, called vernix caseosa. It protects your baby from the liquid placenta. (Just think how wrinkled they’d be without that protection after spending 40 weeks in a bath)!You might notice your skin is changing. Itchy, dry, red, flaky, blotchy (isn’t pregnancy fun?) skin is common in pregnancy. Blame those darn hormones again, and be sure to keep drinking lots of fluids to keep your skin hydrated. You can use lotion or oil to moisturize itchy skin, and hopefully, reduce the appearance of stretch marks.# 20 Weeks Pregnant Half way there!Right now, your baby is awake as much as a newborn. Although only the size of a small artichoke, she/he weighs almost 11 ounces, and is about 6 1/2 inches long. Her eyebrows are sprouting, and she might have hair growing on her head now.# 21 Weeks Pregnant At the end of your fifth month, you’re half way through! Do a happy dance… if you can. Your baby now weighs over 12 ounces, and about 10 inches long. If you were to push on your belly, your baby would probably move out of the way. He or she can respond to external influences, so keep talking to your baby. Whats Happening To Your Immune System You might be catching more colds than normal, as your immune system is slightly impaired while pregnant. While the common cold isn’t an issue for little bubs, other infections can cause problems for unborn babies (such as chickenpox, rubella, and hand-foot-mouth). Try to avoid people with these viruses while pregnant. Unfortunately for me, I was plagued with a cold the entire time coupled with 3 sinus infections!NO FUN. I am sure the reason was from the work environment I was in being around chemicals and such (not directly but just in this building in general. )# 22 And 23 Weeks Pregnant At the beginning of your sixth month, your baby weighs almost a pound (15 1/2 ounces) and is almost 11 inches long. Her lips are becoming more developed, and her eyelids and eyebrows have formed. The beginnings of her first teeth are forming under the gum line. Your baby is as big as an eggplant, and weighs over a pound. She (or he) is almost a food long (11 1/2 inches). His (or her) blood vessels and lungs are developing strength for breathing. Your baby is starting to hear sounds outside of the momma’s body. Keep talking to (or reading, playing music, etc.) for your little one, as you want.# 24 and 25 Weeks Pregnant Week 24 is important for viability – over 50% of babies born now would survive if they receive specialized care. Although you certainly don’t want your little one to come out yet, its good to know you’ve passed the beginning of viability. Each week you progress pass this raises the baby’s chance of survival significantly (more than 90% of babies born between 26 and 27 weeks, survive). At 25 weeks your baby is filling out and beginning to look more like a newborn, than a little alien. Your baby may reach out and grab his umbilical cord. She is gaining good control of her arms and hands now. His (or her) tastebuds are forming, and he (or she) weighs about 1 1/2 pounds.# 26 Weeks Pregnant Your baby’s optic nerve is stating to work now, and his/her other senses are developing. If you shine a bright light on your belly, your baby will turn his/her head away from the light. Your baby continues to practice breathing, although there is no air in his/her lungs. Your baby is approximately 14 inches long now. You’re almost there, just a few more days and you’ll be in the third trimester. Third Trimester Congratulations, you’re in your third trimester!By this time, your body has changed so many different ways, you don’t know what it’s doing next. You may feel breathless, tired (understatement I know), and excited – all at once. Your emotions might still be all over the board (darn pregnancy hormones again), and you might have trouble getting comfortable. Your baby is growing rapidly, and therefore, so is your uterus. You might need to pee more often again (sorry!) and you might need a few minutes to change positions, or raise from sitting. It’s okay, we promise. You’re almost through this pregnancy and will soon be holding your little bundle of puke, poop and pee – wait I mean little bundle of joy! That’s it.# 27 Weeks Pregnant You’re beginning your 7th month!Your baby continues to develop his or her senses. He or she might open their eyes in the womb by now, and their hearing continues to develop. Baby measures about 14 inches long, and weighs almost 2 pounds!If you’re having trouble sleeping (and who isn’t by this time), try putting a pillow between your knees while lying on your side. This helps take the pressure off, and allows your muscles to relax.# 28 and 29 Weeks Pregnant Your baby’s senses continue to develop. Around this time your baby might be able to tell the difference between your voice and your partner’s voice. As her hearing continues to develop she’ll be able to hear higher pitched sounds, and sounds from outside the womb. Your baby is about the size of a butternut squash. He or she weighs about 2 1/2 pounds and is about 15 inches long. Your baby’s hair is growing well, and his or her head is growing bigger to accommodate a growing brain. To keep up with the growing nutritional needs of your baby, eat foods with plenty of protein, calcium, folic acid, iron, and vitamin C.# 30 Weeks Pregnant At the end of the 7th month, your baby is almost three pounds, and slightly over 15 inches long. By this time almost all babies are reacting to sound and light. If you shine a light on your stomach, your baby may move her head to follow the light or even reach out to touch the moving glow. Your baby continues to open and shut her eyes, sleeping for short cycles. Their digestive tracks and lungs are almost fully formed.# 31 Weeks Pregnant At the beginning of your eighth month, your baby has eyebrows now, and can bat her (or his) eyelashes. He (or she) is stockpiling fat under their skin, and their arms and legs are filling out. Your baby is about 16 inches long, and weighs about 3 1/3 pounds. Your baby’s movement may become more apparent!# 32 and 33 Weeks Pregnant Your baby can now turn their head side to side, and is about 3 3/4 pounds now, and 16 1/2 inches long. Your baby will continue to gain weight, gaining 1/3 to 1/2 of their birth weight in the next seven weeks. Your baby’s lungs aren’t fully developed yet, but they are busy exercising by inhaling amniotic fluid. Babies born after 32 weeks have a good chance of survival. Your doctor or midwife are going to be checking the position of your baby over the next few weeks, to see if he or she has turned head down. It’s important your baby be in the right position before birth, but some babies continue to flip until right before birth. Your baby is about 4 pounds now, and a little over 17 inches long. If you’re out of breath (and who isn’t), blame your baby pushing against your diaphragm. Leaning back slightly helps stretch out the area, and may give some relief. But don’t worry, pretty soon your baby will “drop” when his/her head moves down into your pelvis, to get into position for birth. This releases the pressure against your diaphragm and makes it easier to breathe.# 34 Weeks Pregnant Your baby weighs about 4 3/4 pounds, and is about 17 3/4 inches long. If you’re a first time mom, you may start to feel pressure against your cervix as your baby moves down into position for birth. Although your baby is still fully developing, over 99% of babies born now survive. This week, try to take some time for your (and your partner). It’s not long before baby adds one, and time alone (or together) diminishes.# 35 Weeks Pregnant At the beginning of your ninth month (yay! )Your baby weighs about 4 3/4 pounds, and is about 17 3/4 inches long. You might see your baby’s arms, legs, knees or elbows push against your stomach as they try to wiggle. There is less amniotic fluid, and more baby, in there so its getting tighter. The marrow in baby’s bones has taken over producing red blood cells, from the liver.# 36 Weeks Pregnant Right now, baby is gaining almost an ounce a day, until reaching birth weight. Your baby weighs about 5 3/4 pounds, and is 18 1/2 inches long. Although breathing might get easier for mom by now (when baby drops into the cervix), walking gets even more difficult… as does almost everything else.# 37 Weeks Pregnant Your baby is now considered full-term by some, and you could give birth any day now. Your baby is a little over 19 inches, and weighs over 6 pounds. Your baby might have a full head of hair, but some babies are born without hair. The fine hair that covered most of their bodies (lanugo) and the waxy substance ( vernix caseosa) that protected them from the amniotic fluid, has almost completely disappeared.# 38 Weeks Pregnant – The Week I Gave Birth Your baby’s organs are all fully formed, although his (or her) lungs will be the last to mature. Babies born at this stage may need some time after birth to develop regular breathing patterns. Your baby is about 19 1/2 inches long, and weighs 6 3/4 pounds. Your baby’s skull bones aren’t fused yet. They shift as the baby’s head squeezes through the birth canal. The bones in the skull aren’t fully fused until adulthood.#39 Weeks Pregnant At 39 weeks, your baby is full-term. Now it’s just waiting… and waiting until baby arrives. Your baby weighs about 7 1/4 pounds, and is about 20 inches long, although these are just averages. You won’t know what your baby really weighs until they’re born.# 40 Weeks Pregnant Your baby is probably between 20 – 21 inches long, and weighs between 7 1/2 to 9 pounds. By now your baby is a master at finding, and sucking, their thumb or hand. This is the beginning of the rooting instinct that will help him (or her) breastfeed after birth. Remember, your Estimated Due Date is just that – it’s an estimate. Don’t worry if your due date has come – and passed – and no baby. Baby’s arrive when they are ready, and not a moment before. Babies are not considered post-term until week 42. Labor Congratulation… you’re going into labor. Take a deep breath (if you can), and let your partner know. Grab your bag, text the family and friends, and inform your doctor or midwife. They’ll tell you when to report to the hospital or birthing center. Congrats – you’ll soon be holding your little bundle of joy!Prenatal Testing# NT Test Most pregnant women are offered an NT test between 11 and 13 weeks pregnant. The Nuchal Translucency test uses ultrasound (and a simple blood test) to asses your risk of having a baby born with Down Syndrome or other chromosomal abnormalities, or certain heart defects. The ultrasound measures the thickness at the back of baby’s neck, because increased thickness indicates a higher risk of birth defects. The NT test is a screening test, and it won’t give you a definite diagnosis. It will assess your *risk* for certain problems, and help you decide if you want to have a test (such as CVS (chromic villus sampling) or amniocentesis) that will definitively determine if your baby is actually affected with a chromosomal abnormality. The NT test is a great screening tool. Its (virtually) painless, and involves no increased risk for you or the baby. The biggest issue is the anxiety the high level of false positives brings parents-to-be. Before you decide to have more invasive testing, talk to your doctor or midwife about genetic counseling to help you determine if it might be right for you.# CVS – Prenatal Test Chorionic villus sampling (CVS) is a prenatal test used to detect birth defect, genetic abnormalities, and other problems during pregnancy. A small sample of cells (chorionic villi) is taken from the placenta where it attaches to the uterus. Its formed from the fertilized egg, so it has the same genetic makeup as your baby. CVS is usually offered between 11 and 14 weeks of pregnancy. CVS can be a transcervical (through the cervix) or transabdominal (through the abdomen wall) procedure. Transcervical procedure is performed by inserting a very thin plastic tube through the vagina and cervix to reach the placenta. Ultrasound imaging is used to guide the tube to the best area for sampling, and then removes a small sample of cells (chorionic villi). In the transabdominal procedure, a needle is inserted through the abdomen and uterus, into the placenta. Again, ultrasound is used to guide the needle, and a small amount of cells are drawn into the syringe. There are risks involved with CVS, because it is an invasive procedure. CVS can cause an increase in infection, or miscarriage, although the increase seems to disappear in clinics with extensive CVS experience. If you’re at an increased risk for genetic abnormalities, be sure to speak with a genetic counselor to discuss the risks and benefits of prenatal screening before committing to invasive procedures such as CVS or amniocentesis.# Amniocentesis Amniocentesis (amnio) is a prenatal test that helps your doctor or midwife gather information from a sample of your baby’s amniotic fluid. Amnio (like CVS) produces a karyotype (picture) of your baby’s chromosomes, so your practitioner can tell if there is a genetic abnormality. Amnio is usually performed between 16 and 20 weeks of pregnancy. Like CVS, amniocentesis slightly increases a women’s risk of miscarriage because it is an invasive procedure. If you’re at an increased risk for genetic abnormalities, be sure to speak with a genetic counselor to discuss the risks and benefits of prenatal screening before committing to invasive procedures such as CVS or amniocentesis. Questions And Answers:– How can I be four weeks pregnant when I’m in my fifth week of pregnancy? Simply because the more unified way to start to count is on the last menstrual cycle. The day 1 of your menstrual cycle is the day one of your cycle. As you are menstruating at this moment you did not conceive yet!Also a pregnancy is 40 weeks … 40 weeks being in fact 10 months .. not 9, which explain the extra weeks prior conception.– Why am I craving pickles and is it ok to indulge? Careful to cravings! It is normal to have some but there is always a BUT. Pregnancy diabetes can strike anyone at anytime, having a pickles orgy one night is harmless but having craving for a kilo of chocolate can increase your risks of complication and to pile up much more weight that necessary … the average weight gain should be around 25 pounds. Again, for me personally I gained roughly 40 pounds!– Gotta pee… again? Why am I going to the loo so much? Be prepared to go and to go and to go again and again, reason being that your uterus is pushing on your bladder more everyday, letting less and less place to contain urine. Going often is good for you even if it is disturbing as well. It indicates that you are hydrating yourself well and prevent urinary track infection!– How far along am I supposed to wait to tell my boss that I’m pregnant? There is no good or bad time to advise your employer of your pregnancy. If your work requires physical type labor, whether that is regular lifting or constant standing, you should advise as early as possible. If you have a desk job, it will be good to let the first trimester finish, as everything can happen into this critical trimester.– Can I use nail polish while pregnant? Absolutely, as commercial hair dye, there is no study that was able to confirm that these products can affect the development of your baby.– Can I get my hair colored while pregnant? Absolutely, you can keep your salon routine with no problem.– What kind of expenses is our baby going to incur once she’s born? How much should we budget for her? There is a lot to plan. Diapers, formula (if you are not breastfeeding), clothes, bedroom furniture and please don’t buy too much of each size because they grow so fast. Plan money on the side in case of unplanned doctor visit for medication and various care. I think it will be safe to say that it might be around 300 USD a month of expenses extra to your regular budget.– Why do I need prenatal vitamins, and how do I pick the best kind? In prenatal vitamins, the most important factor is to verify the quantity of folic acid, at least 0.6 mg. Take them 3 months prior to prevent risk of development of the baby’s spine that could lead to severe complications. Read more here. Resources:http://www.bellybelly.com.au/pregnancy/how-many-weeks-pregnant-am-i/http://www.bellybelly.com.au/pregnancy-week-by-week/first-week-of-pregnancy/http://www.newkidscenter.com/How-Many-Weeks-Pregnant-Am-I.htmlhttp://www.bellybelly.com.au/due-date-calculator/Filed Under: Pregnancy Tagged With: how far along am i, how many weeks am i, how many weeks in a pregnancy